（英语）情态动词专项练习题及答案详解.doc

1、【英语】情态动词专项练习题及答案详解一、单项选择情态动词1He _ writing the paper now. He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.Ashouldnt beBcant have finishedCcant beDmustnt have finished【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为cant have done不可能做某事，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查推测句对过去

2、情况的肯定推测是must have done对过去情况的否定推测是cant/couldnt have done例如:The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.He cant have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.2- Oh, my God! I just missed the last bus back home.- Thats really bad. Im sure you _ it, but you just didnt h

3、urry up.Ahad caughtBcould have caughtCcould catchDcan catch【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：哦,我的上帝!我刚好错过了回家的末班车。这是非常糟糕的。我肯定你能赶上，但你就是不抓紧。could have done“本来能做而没有做”。故选B。3It is really cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last night.AmightBmustCcanDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一

4、定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了”表示对过去十分有把握的推测，故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去

5、.The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是：They.; th

6、ey certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）4Its really great to have a computer to store my photos.Dont count on it too much. It _ break down and youd better make a copy of them.AmustBcanCshouldDwill【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：有一台计算机来储存照片真是太棒了。不要过度依赖它。它有时候也会出故障，你最好做一个备份。计算机出故障这是

7、可能的事情，表示客观可能性用can。must肯定，必须；should应该；will表意愿。故B选项正确。5The room is so clean. He _ have cleaned it yesterday evening.AwillBneedCcanDmust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。6 Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window? Well, if you _. I can put

8、 on more clothes.AcanBmayCmustDshall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：-不好意思，我把窗户打开你介意吗?- 好吧，如果你必须这么做的话。我可以多穿点衣服。A. can能够；B. may可能；C. must一定；必须；D. shall会；将。must表示偏要，必须要做的事情，故选C。7- Turn off the TV, Jack. _ your homework now?- Mum, just ten more minutes, please.AWill you be doingBShould you be doingCShouldnt you

9、be doingDCouldnt you be doing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查含情态动词的进行时态。句意：把电视关掉，杰克。你现在不应该做作业吗?妈妈，请再给我十分钟。此处表示目前应该在做某事，should“应该”，这里用含情态动词的进行时态，故选C。8I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma _ comfort me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.AwouldBmightCshouldDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在我十几岁的时候，我经常感到烦恼，我的奶奶会安慰我

10、说，“生活就是这样，亲爱的”。此处是would+动词原形，表示“过去总是做某事”。故选A。9It wasnt right to me that such near neighbors not know one another.AcouldBwouldCshouldDmight【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：对我来说，很不正常，如此近的邻居居然不认识。A. could可能，能够；B. would将；C. should竟然；D. might可能，也许。should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为竟会、居然，住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。表示意

11、外，所以答案选C。【点睛】should的用法1、should 作为情态动词,通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务,译作“应该”、“应当”,这时它可以和 ought to, be supposed to 互换使用.例如：You should （= ought to ） tell your mother about it at once.2、should 作为情态动词,可以用在条件状语从句中,表示语气较强的假设,译作“万一”、“竟然”,这时也可将 should 置于从句之首,即将 should 放在主语前面,而省略从属连词 if。例如：If you should fail to come, ask

12、Mrs Chen to work in your place. （= Should you fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. ）3、should 作为情态动词,可以表示谦逊、客气、委婉之意,译为“可”、“倒”。例如：I should say that it would be better to try it again.4、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的.尤其在以 why, who, how 等开头的修辞疑问句或某些感叹句中常常译为“竟会”、“居然”。例如：How should I

13、 know it ? 我怎么会知道这件事?5、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示有较大可能实现的猜测、推论,通常译为“可能”、“总该吧”,相当于 be expected to 。例如：They should be home by now, I think. 我想现在他们总该到家了吧。6、should 作为情态动词,用在由 so that, for fear that, lest 引导的目的状语从句和 in case （that） 引导的条件状语从句中,有“能够”、“可能”、“会”之意。例如：They got up early so that they should （= could/ m

14、ight） catch the first bus in time.7、should 作为情态动词,可以用于下列虚拟语气句中：(1） 用在表示与将来事实相反的条件状语从句中,构成“ If should （do sth）, would/ could/ might （do sth.） ”句式。(2) 用在 suggest （propose）, arrange, plan, decide, advise, order, demand, request, desire, insist 等表示“建议”、“要求”、“命令”、“决定”、“安排”、“计划”、“主张”的动词后面接的宾语从句中。这里的 shoul

15、d 也可以省略。本句中should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为竟会、居然，住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。表示意外，所以答案选C。10The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day _ get a big prize.AmustBcouldCwouldDshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：新开业的超市宣布，开业当天首先购物的人会得到大奖。shall 用于二三人称的陈述句中可以表示说话人的承诺，命令，警告

16、等，此处表示超市的承诺，故选D。11 I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didnt you drive him there? I _. But my car _ .Awould; was fixedBwould have; was fixedCwould have; was being fixedDdid; was being fixed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？-我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没

17、有做的事情，应该用would have done；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。12My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.Ashouldnt have attendedBcouldnt have attendedCmustnt have attendedDneednt have attended【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查情态动词用法。Shouldnt have done本不应该做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；couldnt have d

18、one不可能做某事（对过去情况的推测）；neednt have done本不需要做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；句意：我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见了他，所以他不可能去听了你的演讲。故B正确。考点：考查情态动词用法点评：考本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done 本应该做而实际未做。cant have done 过去不可能做了某事；shouldnt have done 本不应该做而实际做了。 need have done 本有必要做某事；neednt have done 本没有必要做某事；注意没有 mustnt hav

19、e done的形式。13Tony _ what I did annoying though he didnt say anything.So you think you will have to make an apology?Acould findBshould have foundCmight findDmust have found【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：Tony一定觉得我做的事很烦人，尽管他什么也没说。所以你认为你得道歉吗?。由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。

20、【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进

21、行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should

22、强一些.如：You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有） He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了） 6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another w

23、orker wouldnt have acted like that.分析句子可知，由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。14Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, _ that different cultures _ coexist with tolerance.Athe one ; mustBthe one ; shouldCone ; mustDone ; should【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查替代

24、和情态动词。句意：大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。替代表泛指的单数名词，通常用one替代。此处用one替代前面的a desire，是同位语；结合句意第二空用情态动词should“应该”。故选D。【点睛】that ,it ,one 代指前面的名词时的用法1.one 指代前面出现的可数名词，是泛指。可以和冠词连用，也可以有自己的定语。一般不能用做特指，但和定冠词连用时可以是特指。如： Please show me the cup, the red one on the s

25、helf. 2.It 指代前面提到的单数名词，相当于the one。当one是泛指的时候，指的是同名异物，it是指同一物体.如： -Do you want the cup ? -Yes ,I want it. 3.that通常用来代替前面出现的可数名词不可数名词,主要是用来避免重复。如： The weather of Guangzhou is hotter than that of Beijing.15- Difficulties always go with me!- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a windo

26、w opened for you.AmustBwouldCcouldDcan【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：困难总是伴随着我！高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门，一定有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须；B. would将要；C. could能，会；D. can能，会。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为“一定”，表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选A。【点睛】1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为一定。2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时， must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。 3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时

27、，must 要接完成式。4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接完成进行式。5) 否定推测用cant。本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为一定，表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。16Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?Yes, but I dont think I _ because my director was there.Aneed to haveBneed toCneeded toDneed have【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have

28、 done。句意：你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?是的，但我想我（本来）不需要，因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时，要把从句的否定词not前移，即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”；“neednt have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)在”可推断出，我本来不必要去。故选D。17Will you read me a story, Mummy

29、? -OK. You _have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.AmightBmustCcouldDshall【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？好，如果你尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。might表示“或许”；must表示“必须”；could表示“可能”；shall在此处表示“允诺”，符合句意，故选择D项。18 Isnt that Anns husband over there? No, it _ be him Im sure he doesnt wear glasses.Amust notBcant

30、CwontDmay not【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词：句意：那不是安的丈夫吗？-不，肯定不是他，我确定他不戴眼镜。A. must not禁止;B. cant 不能;C. wont不会;D. may not可能不。表示否定的推测，不可能，用cant。故选B项。19Are you going on a holiday after the exam?Well, I havent decided yet. I _ find some other choices.AwouldBmightCmustDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：考试后你要去度假吗?嗯，我还没有

31、决定。我可能会发现一些其他的选择。A. would将会；B. might可能；C. must必须；D. should应该。根据上文“ I havent decided yet”可推断，我可能还有别的选择，表示可能性，might符合语境，故选B。20Skills like critical thinking and analysis _ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts.AcantBneedntCmustntDshouldnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析

32、。句意：像批判性思维和分析这样的能力，是不能在互联网上找到的，因为它们必须基于事实来获得。A. cant无法，不可能；B. neednt不需要；C. mustnt不可以，禁止；D. shouldnt不应该。本题讲的是这种批判性思维的能力无法通过浏览鱼龙混杂的网上信息获得，表达的是客观上的不可能，故选A。21He _ his stay in France, didnt he? He looks amazingly different.Awill have enjoyedBshould have enjoyedCcan have enjoyedDmust have enjoyed【答案】D【解析】

33、【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：他在法国一定过得很愉快，是吗?他看起来很不一样。must have done一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测。由“ He looks amazingly different.”可知，他在法国一定过得很愉快。所以这是对过去事情的较有把握的推测。故选D项。22Peter, you delivered a wonderful speech today.Thanks, but I think I _ more attention to my stage manners during that time.Amust payBshould payC

34、must have paidDshould have paid【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：-彼得，你今天的演讲很精彩。-谢谢，但我认为在那段时间我应该多注意我的舞台礼仪。should have done表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做某事。由“but”可知，我那段时间本应该多注意我的舞台礼仪，而实际上并没有注意。故选D项。23Sometimes it seems that doors _ be closed for you, but remember, they are not all locked.AmustBshouldCmayDneed【答案】C【解析

35、】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：有时候，似乎大门正对你关闭，但请记住并非所有大门都被上了锁。A. must一定，必须；B. should应该；C. may可能，也许；D. need需要。本句不宜使用绝对化的语气，从sometimes，seems等提示词可看出应使用较为温和的推测语气，因此may be（或许，也许）符合语境，而过于绝对的推测，如must be（一定是，肯定是）应予排除。此外should和need在此并不表示推测，更不符合本句语境。故选C。24May you live longer, grandpa!Thank you! Its the favorite wish I _.As

36、hould have waited forBmust have waited forCmay have waited forDcould have waited for【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done形式。 句意：爷爷祝您长寿！谢谢，这是我能够等待到的最喜欢的愿望。A. should have waited for 本应该等待； B. must have waited for 一定在等待；C. may have waited for可能已经等待； D. could have waited for可以已经等待的。表示可以等到的愿望用could have waited f

37、or。故选D。【点睛】情态动词have done不仅是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是高考的重点。情态动词have done有两大功能：一是表示推测；二是表示虚拟。must have done过去一定做了某事，根据must的本意即可推敲出意思，比较好理解。The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 灯灭了，他们应该睡觉了。should have done本该做某事却没做，should是应该，重点记忆最后的结果是没做某事。You should have told her that you loved her.你本应该告诉她你爱她。could h

38、ave done字面意思是可能已经做了某事，也可用作本能做却没做某事，重点记忆最后的结果是没做。You could have reviewed, but you played games all night.你本可以复习的，但你一晚上都在玩游戏。may have done也许已经做了某事。25I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didnt recognize the voice.Oh, it _ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.Amust have

39、 beenBshould have beenCcould have beenDmay have been【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：昨天上午我给你打电话。一个女孩回答的，但我没听出谁的声音。哦，那一定是我妹妹。她那一刻正在我的房间里。情态动词加动词的现在完成式形式，表示对过去的推测。A. must have been表示一定做了某事。用于肯定推测；B. should have been 本应该，表示应该做而没有做某事。C. could have been用于肯定句时，表示可能做了某事。更常用于否定推测；D. may have been可能做过某事。表示可能性很小。结合语境判断

40、，表示非常肯定的推测，故选A。26Tom, you _ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!AwouldntBmustntCneedntDmay not【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：汤姆，你不要把所有的衣服都这样扔在地板上! A. wouldnt 不会； B. mustnt 禁止；C. neednt不需要；D. may not不可以。本句为祈使句，所以mustnt “禁止”符合句意。故选B项。27One of the few things you _ say about English people with cert

41、ainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.AneedBmustCshouldDcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：关于英国人你可以肯定的一点是他们谈论很多的天气。A. need需要；B. must必须；C. should表示责任和义务；D. can可以；能够。根据语境，故选D。28 Jim _ what I said annoying though he didnt say anything. So you mean you will have to apologize to him?Amust findBmight

42、findCshould have foundDmust have found【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查must have done结构。句意：吉姆一定觉得我说的话很让人烦，尽管他什么也没说。所以你是说你得向他道歉？根据“though he didnt say anything.”可知此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测，用must have done表示“过去一定做了”，故D项正确。29You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.AmightBneedCshouldDwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】

43、考查情态动词辨析。句意: 你无法想象一个行为良好的绅士会对一位女士如此粗鲁A. might可能；B. need需要 ；C. should竟然； D. would会。由You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman. 可知，should“竟然”符合句意。故选项C项。30Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.You_it in the wrong place.Amust putBshould have putCmight putDmight have put【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的词典在哪里？我记得昨天放在这里了。你或许放错了地方。“might have +动词+ed形式”表示过去可能完成的动作。根据所提供的情景Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.可判断出把词典放在某个地方发生在过去，所以要用“might have +动词+ed形式”。“should have + 动词+ed形式”表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”，是肯定的推测，与所提供的情景的矛盾。might put表示现在发生的事。故选D。