(英语)英语语法填空练习题含答案.doc

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1、【英语】英语语法填空练习题含答案一、高中英语语法填空1阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Forbidden City in Beijing, home to the Palace Museum, houses more than 1.8 million cultural relics and is one of the worlds most visited tourist attractions. _ (mark) the 600th anniversary of the Forbidden City, the Palace Museum will h

2、old a series of events throughout 2020.Over 20 exhibitions will be held, _ (cover) different areas such as history, art, festivals, and so on. For the special occasion, Along the River during the Qingming Festival, one of Chinas most _ (wide) known masterpieces, will go on display in September 2020.

3、 For _ (it) best preservation, this treasured artwork is seldom fully exhibited. The painting _ (display) for the first time back in 2005 to celebrate the museums 80th anniversary. Such _ rare sight is expected to draw huge crowds. In addition, the museum will also display exhibits from other _ (cou

4、ntry). During the past few years, the Palace Museum has been working hard to get the public familiar _ the history and culture of the Forbidden City. And it seems that these efforts have been paying off, with its _ (popular) reaching a new height. Over 17 million people visited the museum in 2018, o

5、f _ 40 percent were under 30 years old.【答案】 To mark;covering;widely;its;was displayed;a;countries;with;popularity;whom 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了北京故宫博物院所在地,拥有180多万件文物,是世界上游客最多的旅游景点之一。 (1)考查非谓语动词。句意:为了纪念故宫建城600周年,故宫博物院将在2020年举办一系列活动。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词,故mark只能做非谓语,表目的用不定式,故填To mark。 (2)考查非谓语动词。句意:将举办20多个展览,涵

6、盖历史、艺术、节日等不同领域。本句中cover做非谓语与逻辑主语20 exhibitions构成主谓关系,故用现在分词,填covering。 (3)考查副词。known为形容词,需要副词修饰,故填widely。 (4)考查代词。preservation为名词,需要形容词修饰,故用形容词性物主代词,填its。 (5)考查时态语态。句意:这幅画于2005年首次展出,以庆祝该博物馆成立80周年。本句中display与主语painting构成被动关系,且根据时间状语2005故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为单数,故填was displayed。 (6)考查冠词。sight为名词,此处表泛指“一个罕见的景

7、象”应用不定冠词,故填a。 (7)考查名词。country为可数名词,由other修饰,故用复数形式,填countries。 (8)考查介词。be familiar with sth.固定短语,“熟悉某物”后跟介词with,故填with。 (9)考查名词。its为形容词性物主代词后跟名词,故填popularity。 (10)考查定语从句。句意:2018年,超过1700万人参观了博物馆,其中40%的人年龄在30岁以下。本句为定语从句修饰先行词17 million people,先行词在从句中做介词of的宾语,指人,故填whom。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,副词,代词,时态语态,冠词,名词,

8、介词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。2阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It seems to be something in our blood _ makes human beings want to conquer (征服) things by climbing them, no matter whether its Qomolangma - the _ (high) peak on Earth -_ Uluru,

9、 a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the central Australian desert. Many _ (visit) to Uluru climb the rock even though theres no road to it, except for a chain-and-pole path thats been hammered into the rock by early explorers. Theres even a sign at the bottom of the rock _ (write) i

10、n seven languages, reading: Please dont climb. For starters, the rock has spiritual significance for the local Aboriginal people, and _(set) foot on it is considered disrespectful. Other concerns include some people leaving litter on top of the rock, and some even urinate (撒尿)on it since theres no t

11、oilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed down onto the rock, which can be _ (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people _ (die) so far trying to climb it. This is _ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru _ (ban), starting from

12、 Oct 26, 2019.【答案】 that;highest;or;visitors;written;setting /to set;harmful;have died;why;will be banned 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,人们很喜欢到澳大利亚中部沙漠去攀登Uluru,这一做法带来了一系列问题,当地政府决定禁止人们攀登这块巨石。 (1)考查定语从句。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。本题定语从句的先行词是不定代词something,使用关系代词that来指代先行词,引导定语从句并在句中作主语。所以填that。 (2)考查形容词。句意:似乎在我们

13、的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是世界最高峰-珠穆朗玛峰,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大岩石Uluru。根据常识可知珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰,应该使用形容词最高级作定语。所以填highest。 (3)考查连词。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是珠穆朗玛峰世界最高峰,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大岩石Uluru。句中使用whetheror固定短语,无论.还是.,连接上下文。所以填or。 (4)考查名词。句意:尽管没有路,但很多游客还是会前往Uluru去攀登这块巨石。所填词在句中充当主语,而且表示人,所以

14、要用visit表示人的名词形式visitor在句中做主语,而形容词many说明应该使用可数名词复数形式,故填visitors。 (5)考查非谓语动词。句意:在巨石的底部用七种语言写着一块牌子:请勿攀登。名词短语a sign与动词write构成被动关系,要用过去分词短语作定语,其作用相当于定语从句。所以填written。 (6)考查非谓语动词。句意:踏上这块岩石被认为是无礼的。本句中可以使用动名词短语做主语表示经常性习惯性的动作,也可以使用不定式短语做主语表示一次性的动作。所以填setting/to set。 (7)考查形容词。句意:下雨的时候,垃圾废物被冲下岩石,这对环境是有害的。句中应该使用

15、harm的形容词形式与系动词构成系表结构,所以填harmful。 (8)考查时态。句意:根据ABC,到目前为止在攀登巨石时候,已经有35人死亡。句中时间状语so far意为到目前为止,通常与现在完成时连用,本句主语是复数名词,所以填have died。 (9)考查表语从句。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。句中表语从句缺少连词,且该表语从句表示最后的结果,why引导表语从句表示最后的结果。所以填why。 (10)考查时态语态。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。本句

16、主语climbing Uluru与动词ban构成被动关系,且表示将来的事情,要用一般将来时的被动语态。所以填will be banned。 【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句,形容词,连词,名词,非谓语动词,时态,表语从句,时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。3阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible _ a significant

17、reduction in intelligence. The research _ (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: falls in test _ (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (认知的)performance . It

18、 _ (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older. The study is a warni

19、ng to the rest of the world, especially to _ in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with _ (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth _ (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that _ longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence

20、went down. They said air pollution caused a years worth of lost education. For those _ were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, There is no shortcut _ (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.【答案】 for;conducted;sc

21、ores;was published;those;poisonous;highest;the;who;to solve 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,科学研究表明空气污染可能会导致人的智力下降,并且随着年龄的增长,其可能会阻碍认知能力。研究者们呼吁政府采取有效措施减少空气污染。 (1)考查介词。句意:科学家们发现,空气污染可能是智力大幅下降的原因。be responsible for固定短语,“对负责,是的原因”。故填for。 (2)考查非谓语动词。句意:世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明,空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。分析句子结构可知,showed是本句的谓语,此处

22、应用非谓语动词作定语,修饰名词The research,主语The research和动词conduct之间是被动关系,所以此处应用conduct的过去分词形式表被动。故填conducted。 (3)考查名词。句意:世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明,空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。score“分数,成绩”,是可数名词,此处表示语言和算术的测试分数,应用复数形式。故填scores。 (4)考查时态语态。句意:这项研究发表在美国国家科学院院刊上。句子的主语It指代前一句中的The study,The study和publish之间是被动关系,且publish这一动作发生在过去

23、,所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was published。 (5)考查代词。句意:这项研究是对世界其它地区,尤其是对城市居民的一个警告。此处应用those指代那些在城市居住的人。故填those。 (6)考查形容词。句意:超过91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空气的地区,空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据空格后的名词air可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词air,表示“有毒的空气”。故填poisonous。 (7)考查形容词。句意:超过91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空气的地区,空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据空格前的the和序数闻fourth可知,此处表示空气污染是全球第四大死因,应用hi

24、gh的最髙级。故填highest。 (8)考查冠词。句意:研究人员发现,人们接触污染空气的时间越长,他们的智力下降得越厉害。固定结构the+比较级. the+比较级.“越就越”,因此,比较级longer前应加定冠词the。故填the。 (9)考查定语从句。句意:对于那些超过60岁的人来说,这可能需要几年的时间。空格前的those是代词,意为“那些人”,空格处引导定语从句,在从句做主语,修饰先行词those指人,引导词应用who。 先行词为those时,关系代词不能用that。故填who。 (10)考查非谓语动词。句意:在这个问题上没有捷径可走。There is no shortcut to d

25、o sth.固定句式,“没有干某事的捷径”,此处用动词不定式。故填to solve。 【点评】本题考点涉及介词,非谓语动词,名词,时态语态,代词,形容词,冠词,定语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。 4阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ever wondered how many calories are in the human body? Or ever wondered why old people have _(big)

26、ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (搞笑诺贝尔奖) have got the answers. He Ig Nobel Prizes, founded in 1991, are to honor achievements _first make people laugh, and then make them think, The ceremony _(take) place at Harvard University every year. Winners acceptance _(speech) are limit

27、ed to 60 seconds, _(strict) policed by an eight-year-old girl. The honored research might seem ridiculous _first sight, but that doesnt mean it lacks scientific value. For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than two pieces was important _(discover) failure in

28、 bridge spans (跨度) or human bones And a follow-up paper _(publish) by MIT physicists several years later. But people are more likely to read about _(break) spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there is no immediate usefulness, _is still good to encourage people to observe and think.【答

29、案】 bigger;that/ which;takes;speeches;strictly;at;to discover;was published;breaking;it 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,搞笑诺贝尔奖听起来似乎很搞笑,但是这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。 (1)考查形容词。句意:或者想知道为什么老年人的耳朵比以前大? 根据句意和than可知这里要用形容词的比较级,故填bigger。 (2)考查定语从句。分析可知空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词为achievements,指物。空格处在句中做主语所以要用that或者which引导这个定语从句,故填that/which。 (3)考查

30、主谓一致和时态。分析可知take在句中做谓语。这里介绍的是一般事实,要用一般现在时。主语the ceremony为单数,谓语动词也要用单数,故填takes。 (4)考查名词。speech为可数名词,根据后面的are判断这里要用其复数形式,故填speeches。 (5)考查副词。空格处修饰动词police要用副词,故填strictly。 (6)考查介词。句意:乍一看,这项久享盛名的研究似乎很荒谬,但这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。at first sight固定短语,乍一看;一看到.就,故填at。 (7)考查非谓语动词。这里使用了sth/sb+be+adj+to do的结构,故填to discove

31、r。 (8)考查语态时态。本句的事情已经发生,事情发生在过去要用一般过去时。谓语动词publish和主语a follow-up paper是被动关系,要用被动语态。a follow-up paper是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。故填was published。 (9)考查非谓语动词。about为介词,后面的动词要用动名词形式,故填breaking。 (10)考查代词。句意:即使没有立竿见影的效果,鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。根据句意,分析可知在主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主语,要用it做形式主语,故填it。 【点评】本题考点涉

32、及形容词,定语从句,主谓一致,名词,副词,非谓语动词,时态语态以及代词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。5阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。 The cave dwelling (Yaodong in Chinese) in Xian , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple

33、 floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house _ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China. A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) _(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, _ i

34、s decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a _ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling, brick cave dwelling _ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded _the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province. The bea

35、uty about the cave dwelling is _they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by _ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degr

36、ees Celsius _ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in _ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.【答案】 dug;are piled;which;variety;and;as;that;making;lower;the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了延安窑洞的地理位置、建筑风格

37、及给当地居民生活带来的益处。 (1)考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一种颇具特点在山里挖出的洞屋,用作西北黄土高原农民工的栖息之地。house与dig之间为被动关系,使用过去分词dug。故填dug。 (2)考查时态语态。句意:厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆,入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过分析句子结构可知,主句为“Stoneslabs (厚板)_(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”,主句中存在不定式to form,stonelabs与pile之间为被动关系,且stonelabs为复数,因此横线上需填入被动语态形式are piled

38、。故填are piled。 (3)考查定语从句。句意:厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆,入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。此句为定语从句,先行词为横线前的一句话,在从句中作主语,应填入关系代词which。故填which。 (4)考查名词。句意:入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。a variety of固定短语,“各种各样的”,故填variety。 (5)考查连词。句意:窑洞的类型分为土溶洞、砖溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling与earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互为并列关系,应使用并列连词and。故填and。 (6)考查介词

39、。句意:几个世纪以来,它们一直被视为陕西省北部农民的象征。be regarded as动词短语,“被视为”,故填as。 (7)考查表语从句。句意:窑洞之美在于它们有助于保持当地的地理情况。通过分析句子结构可知此句为表语从句,且从句中不缺少任何成分应使用关系代词that引导。故填that。 (8)考查非谓语动词。句意:通过利用原本闲置的空间来节约耕地。介词by后接名词,题中所给词性为动词make,因此需使用make的动名词形式making。故填making。 (9)考查形容词。句意:室内温度通常比冬天室外高13摄氏度,比夏天室外低10摄氏度。通过语境翻译可知,横线处意为“比低”,使用low的比较

40、级lower。故填lower。 (10)考查冠词。句意:据统计,黄河中上游地区约有4000万人居住在窑洞中,窑洞面积约60万平方公里分布于黄河中上游地区。“in _ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地点状语,表示特指中上游地带,应使用定冠词,故填the。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,时态语态,定语从句,名词,连词,介词,表语从句,形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。 6阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1

41、个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, _ (be) a pair of small equal- length sticks, usually made of wood, _( use) for eating Asian food It is believed the first chopsticks _ (develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. The _(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was excav

42、ated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province,dating back to roughly 1,200 BC. Chopsticks play, _important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long and rectangular with a blunt (钝的) end. They are round on the eating end _symbolizes heaven, and th

43、e other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because_(maintain) an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girls dowry, since the _(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for quick and son.Chopst

44、icks are _(frequent) used in daily life. They have become more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (礼仪) and customs _their own.【答案】 are;used;were developed;earliest;an;thatwhich;maintaining;pronunciation;frequently;of 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,讲述了筷子在我国的历史、作用和文化意义。 (1)考查时态。分析句子结构可

45、知,此处是句子谓语动词,根据下文的is判断为一般现在时,主语chopsticks是复数,故填are。 (2)考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处是非谓语动词作后置定语,use和逻辑主语sticks之间是动宾关系,故用去过分词,填used。 (3)考查时态语态。分析句子结构可知,此处是主语从句的谓语动词,根据over 5,000 years ago判断为一般过去时,主语chopsticks和develop之间是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语chopsticks是复数,故填were developed。 (4)考查形容词。此处应填形容词作定语修饰名词evidence,结合句意可知此处意

46、为“最早的证据”故用最高级,故填earliest。 (5)考查冠词。play a role in固定短语,“在中起作用”,又important是元音音素开头,故填an。 (6)考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是限定性定语从句关系词,先行词they(指物)在从句_6_symbolizes heaven中充当主语,故用关系代词,填that/which。 (7)考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应填maintain的动名词形式作为表语从句的主语,故填maintaining。 (8)考查名词。此处应填名词作为原因状语从句的主语,结合上下文可知此处意为“筷子的发音”,“发音”是pronuncia

47、tion,故填pronunciation。 (9)考查副词,此处应填副词修饰动词are used,故填frequently。 (10)考查介词。of ones own固定短语,“某人自己的”,故填of。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态,非谓语动词,时态语态,形容词,冠词,定语从句,非谓语动词,名词,副词以及介词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。7阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Yesterday, I was walking down the street _ I saw four separate

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