1、【英语】英语阅读理解(人物故事)专项及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1阅读理解 The great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next years Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamizawa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyos 2
2、020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have. But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, In my second year there, English was banned be
3、cause it was the enemy language. Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, Its not too late. We will teach you one word a day . Natsuko is Takamizawas granddaughter and main English teacher. Na
4、tsuko sends a new English word to her grandmothers phone every day. They also often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you? Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned.
5、 Natsuko explains that she wanted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. I can clearly see her English is getting better. Its my joy now. The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first la
6、nguage. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welco
7、me the world to Tokyo.（1）Why couldnt Takamizawa learn English when she was young? A.Because English was useless.B.Because she was too young to learn English.C.Because English was forbidden to learn.D.Because she was unwilling to learn English.（2）What can we know from the third paragraph? A.Takamizaw
8、a gets strong support from her family.B.Takamizawas grandchildren love her a lot.C.Natsuko is Takamizawas granddaughter and only English teacher.D.Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.（3）What does the underlined phrase This situation in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.English is not
9、 the first language in Japan.B.The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low.C.Younger generations in Japan welcome English.D.Japanese people become open to the rest of the world.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.Where there is a will, there is a way.B.It is never too late to learn
10、.C.The early bird catches the worm.D.Two heads are better than one.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa为了做好迎接在东京举行的2020奥运会的志愿工作，在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下开始学习英语。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high sch
11、ool when World War Two started. She said, In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.”可知，是在她高中二年级时第二次世界大战大战爆发了，而英语因为是敌人的语言被禁止了，故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. When I talked to my grandc
12、hildren about my wish, they said, Its not too late. We will teach you one word a day ”.可知她的孙辈说服并且帮助她学习英语，因此推断她从家人那里得到很大的支持。故选A。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language.” 在英语不是第一语言的国家中，日本排名第49位。可知“This situation”指的是在日本人的英语水平相对较低，故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。文章主要介绍
13、了日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语，从她身上体现了“活到老，学到老”的精神，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Unbelievable Stories of Animals Acting Just Like Humans Horses are picky eaters Horses have an even better sense of smell than humans do. Whe
14、n horses raise their noses and open their nostrils (鼻孔) , their nervous system allows them to sense smells we cant sense. This might explain why they refuse dirty water and carefully move around meadows, eating only the tastiest grasses, experts say. Whale says thanks In 2011, a whale expert spotted
15、 a humpback whale trapped in a fishing net and spent an hour freeing it. Afterward, in an hour-long display of thanks, the whale swam near their boat and leaped into the air about 40 times. Pandas like to be naughty Is there anything more lovely than a baby panda, except maybe a human baby? In fact,
16、 baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies. They sleep in the same positions and value their thumbs. Pandas are shy by nature for its shy behaviors such as covering its face with a paw of ducking its head when confronted by a stranger. A cat honors its owner Paper towels, and a plastic cup are
17、just a few of the gifts that Toldo, a devoted three-year-old gray-and-white cat, has placed on his former owner Iozzelli Renzos grave every day since the man died in September 2011. Renzo adopted Toldo from a shelter when the cat was three months old, and the two formed an inseparable bond. After Re
18、nzo passed away, Toldo followed the coffin to the cemetery, and now stands guard at the grave for hours at a time.（1）What can horses do to pick delicious grasses? A.Feel them.B.Taste them.C.Smell them.D.Observe them.（2）What do the whale and the cat have in common according to the passage? A.They are
19、 clever.B.They have a grateful heart.C.They are active and lovely.D.They have a good sense of smell.（3）Which of the following acts like a human baby according to the passage? A.The whale.B.The cat.C.The horse.D.The panda.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了4个令人难以置信的动物与人类行为类似的故事。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Horses
20、 are picky eaters部分介绍的内容可知，马的嗅觉比人类还要强。当马抬起鼻子打开鼻孔时，它们的神经系统让它们感觉到我们感觉不到的气味。因此它们能够拒绝脏水，只吃最美味的草。这说明马靠嗅觉辨别草的好坏。故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据Whale says thanks可知，这条鲸鱼通过跳跃表达对拯救它的救命恩人的感激。根据A cat honors its owner的内容可知，这只猫到墓地去怀念自己的主人。由此可知，两者共同之处在于都有一颗感恩之心。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据Pandas like to be naughty 中的“In fact, baby pandas
21、sometimes behave like human babies”可知，熊猫宝宝的行为与人类的婴儿相似。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Jon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carrying a plastic donation jar full of cash. The Plano, Texas, detective, dressed in pl
22、ain clothes but wearing his badge (徽章) and gun, caught the man and pinned him to the hood of his car. But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle. The detective has a martial arts background, and he said he thought the suspect must have a martial arts background, too,
23、because he was able to break away so easily, a Plano police spokesperson said. The detective called out for help as a crowd gathered. Among those watching: Andre Harvey and Kirby Sample, two day laborers. Harvey did what has become common these dayshe took out his phone and hit record. I hate to say
24、 it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal, Harvey said. But when he asked for help, I thought, well, there wont be a shooting if I get over there in time.” Harvey jumped into actionwhile he was still recording the videoas did Sample. Harvey caught hold of the suspects arms,
25、while Kirby seized his legs, and they were able to get the suspect to the ground to help Detective Hoffman put the handcuffs (手铐) on, said the police spokesperson. The 27-year-old suspect was charged with resisting arrest and other offenses. The charity jar he stole held less than $ 50. Ive been on
26、the wrong side of the law several times in my life, Harvey told WFAA. It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive. After the arrest, the three men got to know each other over steaks and ribs at a local steak houseHoffmans treat, as a thank-you. But the rescuers say Hoffman deserv
27、es credit too. It could have turned real ugly. Sample told the media He handled himself like a real professional.（1）What made Hoffman call for help when arresting the suspect? A.He was not on duty.B.He needed witnesses to support him.C.He wanted to push the thief into the car.D.He couldnt control th
28、e suspect.（2）Why did Harvey and Kirby record the scene at the beginning? A.To follow the fashion.B.To keep track of the criminal.C.To record the detectives violence.D.To avoid being involved in the incident.（3）What can be inferred about Harvey? A.He was ready to violate the law.B.He might have had s
29、ome illegal behaviour.C.He was out of work at that time.D.He had a good martial arts background.（4）What is Harvey and Samples attitude towards Hoffman? A.Appreciative.B.Prejudiced.C.Skeptical.D.Cautious.【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，侦探Jon Hoffman在捉偷善款的小偷时遇到困难寻求帮助，Andre Harvey和 Kirby Sample帮
30、助了他。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.”可知，Hoffman控制住那个嫌疑人有困难，并且他们扭打在一起。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“he took out his phone and hit record. “I hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal”可知，他们记录场景是想记录警察做了一些不合法的事。及“
31、But when he asked for help, I thought, well, there wont be a shooting if I get over there in time.”此句是说“如果我能及时赶到那里，就不会有枪击事件了”。由这两句可知，即他们记录了警察的暴力。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Ive been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life”可知，Harvey曾经违反过法律。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第五段Harvey所言“Ive been on the wrong s
32、ide of the law several times in my life,” Harvey told WFAA.“ It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive最后一段“But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too，”尤其是最后Sample told the media “He handled himself like a real professional”可知，这两个人认为Hoffman很专业，很欣赏他。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断
33、两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 A biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from the nests of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the Nobel Prize of conservation after his methods saved nine species from extinction. Professor Carl Jones won the 2016 Indianapoli
34、s Prize - the highest accolade in the field of animal conservation - for his 40 years of work in Mauritius, where he saved an endangered kestrel from becoming the next Great Auk. When the 61-year-old first travelled to the east African island in the 1970s, he was told to close down a project to save
35、 the Mauritius kestrel. At the time there were just four left in the wild, making it the rarest bird on Earth. However, he stayed, using the techniques of captive breeding (人工繁殖), which involved snatching eggs from the birds nests and hatching(孵化)them under incubators, prompting the mothers to lay a
36、nother set of eggs in the wild. A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild. The biologist has also been necessary in efforts to bring other rare species back from the edge of extinction, including the pink pigeon, echo parakeet
37、and Rodrigues warbler. Prof Jones was awarded the $250,000 (172,000) prize at a ceremony in London.As a young man in my 20s, I certainly didnt enjoy the stress and the tension of the criticism I received, reflecting on the start of his career, he said the Maurutius kestrel project had been seen as a
38、 dead loss at the time. In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques, with critics arguing that they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild. Prof Jones has devoted his whole life to his work, only becoming a father for the first time eight years
39、ago, at 53. He said receiving the prize was particularly important to him, because it proved that his work to save birds was right.（1）What does the underlined word accolade mean in Paragraph 2? A.returnB.levelC.honorD.research（2）According to the passage, Great Auk is _. A.an endangered birdB.an exti
40、nct birdC.a popular birdD.a fierce bird（3）What can we know from the figures in Paragraph 4? A.Taking eggs from the nests has worked well.B.The wild environment for kestrel has changed a lot.C.Kestrel has adapted to the life in the wild.D.Its difficult to protect kestrel.（4）Prof Jones idea of taking
41、eggs from the birds nests _. A.was proved of no useB.was widely acceptedC.was promoted officiallyD.was criticized by some people【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了生物学家 Carl Jones 通过人工繁殖的方式是濒临灭绝的鸟类的数量逐渐增加，并且因此获得了2016年的印第安的波利斯奖。 （1）考查词义猜测。第二段中的“for his 40 years of work in Mauritius, where he sa
42、ved an endangered kestrel from becoming the next Great Auk.”是对前面句子的补充说明，再由“won the 2016 Indianapolis Prize”可推知，这里的accolade与获奖有关，故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“where he saved an endangered kestrel from becoming the next Great Auk”可知，他保护了濒临灭绝的红隼，使他免于遭受Great Auk的情况，因此可知Great Auk是一种已经灭绝的鸟类，选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
43、“A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild.”可知红隼的数量已经开始增加了，所以推断出人工繁殖的方法很有效，故选A。 （4）考查细节理解。根据第一段“A biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from the nests of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the Nobel Prize of co
44、nservation after his methods saved nine species from extinction.”；以及倒数第二段中的“In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques, with critics arguing that they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild.”可知 Jones 教授从稀有鸟类的巢穴中取出鸟蛋的行为被一些人批评，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解
45、，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 On Wednesday, January 13th, I performed on stage for the first time. As someone who takes part in so many activities, its extremely difficult to find the time to be a part of any production. For me, it was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to try acting through the Senior Play Project. Auditions (试镜)came first. They werent particularly difficult, more to see who may be a better fit tor certain roles. We were told our roles in the
