1、【英语】英语定语从句练习题及解析一、定语从句1 The dog _ played with you just now is _.Awhich; mineBwhich; myCwhat; mineDwhat; my【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。Which哪一个;what什么;mine名词性物主代词,我的;my形容词性物主代词,我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语;名词性物主代词则不能用作定语,但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。2I like listening to music_ can
2、 touch the heart of people.AthatBwhoCwhereDwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:我喜欢听能触动人心的音乐。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句,可排除。that可指人指物;who指人;where指地点。本句先行词music是物,引导词做从句的主语,需用that引导;根据句意语境,可知选A。3Music is the only thing _ can help me to relax after a long day of hard work.AwhichBthatCwho【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:音乐是可以在努力工作的一天后,帮助我放松
3、的唯一一件事。which修饰事物,引导定语从句;that修饰事物,引导定语从句;who修饰人,引导定语从句。此处修饰先行词thing,有the only修饰,故用that引导定语从句。故选B。4The last place _ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.AwhereBthatCwhenDwhy【答案】B【解析】句意:我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。根据句子结构可知,这里考查的是定语从句,where关系副词,指地点;that关系代词,先行词为物;when关系副词,指时间;why关系副词,指原因。定语从句中visited后缺少宾语,故应填关
4、系代词,选B。5The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people.AwhomBwhatCwhoDwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词,可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时,但whom用作宾语,who用作主语或宾语;which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders
5、是人,可排除which;关系词在从句中做主语,可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境,可知选C。6The boys _ from America like ChinaAwho isBareCwhich isDwho are【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构,可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语,先行词the boys是人,不可用which(用于先行词是物时),需用who引导;the boys是复数人称,系词需用are;根据句意结构,可知选D。7 What are you looking for? Im looking for t
6、he book _ you bought last Sunday.AwhoBwhenCthat【答案】C【解析】句意:你正在寻找什么?我正在寻找上周日你买的那本书。who引导定语从句,修饰人,作定语从句的主语或宾语;when引导定语从句,作状语;that引导定语从句,修饰事物或人,作主语或宾语。此处修饰的先行词the book是事物,作定语从句谓语bought的宾语,故用that引导定语从句,故选C。8The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose【答
7、案】C【解析】考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人,作从句的宾语;which指物,作从句的主语或宾语;who指人,作从句的主语或宾语;whose即指人也指物,作从句的定语,后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语,而“the girl”指人,故选C。9This is the book tells many English stories.AwhatBwhichCwho【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:这是那本讲诉很多英语故事的书。此处定语从句修饰先行词book, 故排除what和who,此处关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。故选B。【考点定位】考查定语从句的用法。10Jac
8、k likes being with the classmates _ are outgoing and kind.AwhereBwhichCwhenDwho【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:杰克喜欢和性格开朗、和蔼可亲的同学在一起。A. where在哪;B. which哪个;C. when何时;D. who谁。这里是定语从句,先行词是the classmates是名词,表示人,关系词用who。根据题意,故选D。11 Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? Sure. Its a great TV program can dev
9、elop the habit of reading.AwhoBthatCwhatDwhose【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目朗读者吗?当然了,这是一个很棒的节目,能培养阅读的习惯。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,who是关系代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词人或物都可以,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句,先排除;whose的,先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是program,故排除A;D选项意思不合适。故应选B。12一What kind of movies do you like?一I prefer movies gi
10、ve me something to think about.AthatBwhatCwhere【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意: 你喜欢什么类型的电影? 我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。A. that:指人或物,做主语或宾语;B. what什么,不能引导定语从句,排除;C. where哪里,先行词是表示地点的。本题的先行词是movies,指物,因此用that 来引导。故选A。13Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?Yes. Its the best one I have ever seen.AthatBwhichCwhatDit【答案】
11、A【解析】【详解】句意:你看过流浪地球这部电影吗?这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。此句考查定语从句的关联词,that/which可以引导定语从句,what,it不能引导定语从句,首先排除C,D;先行词是不定代词one,前面被形容词的最高级best修饰,引导词只能用that不能用which,故答案为A.【点睛】引导定语从句的关系代词有:that(指人或物),which(指物),who(指人)。指人时可用that或who,指物时可用that或which,但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种: 当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothi
12、ng等不定代词时。例如:Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 当先行词有the
13、 only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如:My necklace is not the only thing thats missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that,不用which或who。以避免重复。例如:Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁? )当先行词既有人又有物时,用that不用which。例如:The writer and his novel that you have just talked abou
14、t are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。14The TV play is about a true story _ happened in Lijiang in 1998.AitBwhatCthatDwhen【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:这部电视剧讲的是1998年发生在丽江的一个真实故事。考查定语从句引导词。it和what不可引导定语从句,可排除AB两项。when用于先行词指时间时;that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。本句story是物,引导词在从句中做主语,需用连接代词that;根据句意结构,可知选C。15-Only Y
15、ou is a TV program is popular with most young people.-Yes, it is definitely true.AthatBwhoseCwhatDwho【答案】A【解析】句意:只有你是一个深受大多数年轻人喜爱的电视节目。是的,这是千真万确的。本题考查定语从句的关联词,what不能引导定语从句,首先排除C;that的先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whose先行词指人或物,在定语从句中作定语;who的先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语。本句的先行词TV program指物,在定语从句中作主语,故答案为A。点睛:在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的
16、先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),
17、例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。16- Its the best time
18、to visit Lianyungang now. - This is the best place _ I have ever visited.AwhereBthatCwhichDwhen【答案】B【解析】句意:现在是参观连云港的最佳时间。这是我去过的最好的地方。考查定语从句。四个选项所示引导词均可引导定语从句,但先行词the best place有最高级best限制,需用that引导,故选B。17I hate the dogslive in the next house. They make loud noises all nightAwhoBthatCwhatDwhom【答案】B【解析】
19、句意:我讨厌住在隔壁的狗,他们整晚发出噪音。who 谁指人,在定语从句中作主语;that 那个指人或指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;what 什么不能引导定语从句,引导名词性从句;whom 谁指人,在定语从句中作宾语。根据先行词是the dogs,后面的定语从句缺少主语,故用代词that。故选B。18A Wechat(微信)is an invention _can help people talk to friends,share photos,ideas and feelings freely .AwhichBwhoC/【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:微信是能帮助人们和朋友自由交谈,分享照
20、片,想法,感情的一种发明。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that。2关系副词:where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指认又可指物。根据先行词是物,引导词做主语不能省略,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法。19Pauls uncle is the man taught us Chinese last year.AwhereBwhichCwho【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:保罗的叔叔是那个去年教我们
21、中文的人。本题考查定语从句的用法,根据先行词是人,可知关系词用who。故选C。考点:考查定语从句的关系词。20The photo _ taken by my brother last week is very nice.AwhichBthat isCthat wereDwhich was【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:上周被我弟弟拍的那张照片非常好看。此题考查定语从句。根据句意,应选D。考点:考查定语从句。21Id like to tell you the table manners _ you should know when you visit South Korea this summ
22、er holiday.AwhatBwhoCwhichDwhy【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问韩国时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。what 什么;Which哪一个;who谁;why为什么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作宾语,可用关系代词which代替。所以选C。考点:考查定语从句的连接词。22 Most grandmas prefer the song Little Apple that they can dance their square dances to .AthatBwhoseCwhereDHow【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌
23、,她们能跟着跳广场舞。A. that 那个;B. Whose谁的;C. Where在哪;D. How怎样;这里是that引导的宾语从句,先行词是物,用关系词that。根据题意。故选A。考点:考查定语从句23I like the teachers _ explain things well. What about you?Me, too.AwhoBwhichCwhomDwhose【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:我喜欢解释东西解释得好的老师,你呢?-我也是。_ explain things well做teachers的定语从句,根据先行词是人物,引导词在从句中做主语,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的
24、用法。24-Ive been thinking about those questions you asked me last week.-Oh, really? Have you got any valuable idea?AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhy【答案】A【解析】句意:我一直在思考那些你上周问的那些问题。哦,真的吗?你有任何宝贵的意见吗?which引导定语从句,作主语或宾语,修饰事物。who引导定语从句,作主语,修饰人;what位于名词性从句中做主语,宾语,表语,表示事物;why引导定语从句,作状语,修饰表示原因的名词。先行词questions表示事,故用代词which引导定
25、语从句,故选A。25Whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。26This is the most beautiful place_I have ever visited.AwhichBthatCwhomDwho【答案】B【解析】句意:这是我参观过的最美的地方。在定语从句中,当先行词由形容词或副词最高级修饰时,从句的引导词应用that。
26、根据语境可知应选B。27 The TV show Running Man is popular recently. Yes. It is the only program _ I watched this month.AwhoBwhenCwhereDthat【答案】D【解析】句意:电视节目奔跑吧,兄弟最近非常受欢迎。是的。它是这个月我唯一看过的节目。修饰先行词program的定语从句中动词watched缺少主语,故用代词that,故选D。28The city _ I visited last year has changed a lot.Really? I hope to go there o
27、ne day.AwhereBthatCwhen【答案】B【解析】句意:我去年参观的那个城市有了很大的变化。真的吗?我希望有一天去那儿。这是定语从句的结构,先行词city在从句中应是宾语,所以引导词不能用副词形式,where是副词,that 代词,when副词;故选B29The first thing_ I did on Mothers Day was to make breakfast for her.AwhoBwhereCwhoseDthat【答案】D【解析】句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The first thing,谓语动词是was,to make
28、breakfast for her是表语。I did on Mothers Day作定语修饰前面的the first thing, 定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,who指人的,故排除A;where在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose在定语从句中作定语,故排除C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that,故选D。点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。30 My grandparents like stories _ have happy endings.AtheyBwhoCwhichD/【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories(故事)表示物,需用关系代词that或which,引导词同时做从句的主语,根据句意结构,故选C。