1、We Enjoy Our Travelling a Lot.英语听力练习方法之逆序听力法 第八，练习写作。可以把听过的内容用自己的话写出梗概。另外多练习用英语生词造句。第九，练习汉翻英。最好找一些有标准译文的材料，先自己翻译，再对照范文学习。非凡注重把握英语与中文之间的微妙关系。第十，天天保持相当量的练习。只有练到一定的数量，才能在大脑中构造一个英语区。以后再说英语时就不会出现英汉互相干扰的问题了。P PART ART IIntroducingBeing All EarsBeing All EarsWords to KnowShort ConversationsSituational Dial
2、oguesPassage Listening Words to Know 1.college n.同事 2.advertising n.广告业 3.pleasure n.愉快、快乐 4.initiative n.主动P PART ART IITalking Face to Face Talking Face to Face IntroducingFollow the samplesUseful Sentences and Expressions Introducing Sample 1 Mr.Smith is waiting at an International Airport for hi
3、s sonsbest friend,Jack,who comes to China for traveling for the firs time from Spain.Mr.Smith:Excuse me,are you Jack?Jack:Yes.Mr.Smith:Oh,hello.Im so pleased to meet you.Im William Smith,Joes father.Jack:Oh,yes,Mr.Smith.How do you do?Mr.Smith:How do you do?Jack:Its very kind of you to meet me.Follow
4、 the Samples Sample1 Mr.Smith:Not at all.I heard a lot about you from Joe.I know you are good friends.Jack:Yes.We work in the same department and have a lot in common.Many colleagues say that we are like brothers.Mr.Smith:Im so happy to hear that.And shall we go now?My cars just outside the airport.
5、My wife is waiting for us at home.Jack:Sure.Thank you so muchFollow the Samples Sample 2 Tom is introducing Mr.Brown to Dr.Terry.Tom:Mr.Brown,Id like you to meet Dr.Patrick Terry.Mr.Brown:How do you do?Dr.Terry:How do you do?Tom:Dr.Terry is an economist.He just finished writing a book on North Ameri
6、ca and WTO.Mr.Brown:Oh?Do you work in the Finance Department,Chicago University,by any chance?Dr.Terry:Yes.How did you guess?Mr.Brown:Ive read your another book on economic reform of Canada.Its excellent.Follow the Samples Sample 3Annie is introducing Lucy to Peter at a cocktail party.Peter:Who is t
7、hat tall girl in blue dress over there?Annie:That is Lucy Wilson.Shes the new assistant of the General Manager of the General Manager of our company.Didnt you meet her at Roberts party last week?Peter:No,I wasnt at Roberts party.Annie:Oh!Then let me introduce you to her now.Lucy,this is Peter,my old
8、 friend from university.Lucy:Hi,Peter.Im glad to meet you.Peter:Im glad to meet you,too.Annie:Peter is a fashion designer.Lucy:Oh,really?That must be an interesting job.Peter:Yes.Cant we sit down somewhere and talk?Lucy:Sure,lets sit over there.Follow the Samples HI!Im.Hello!Im.I believe weve met be
9、fore.My name is.How do you do?My name is.Allow me to introduce myself.My name is.Let me introduce myself,by the way.May I introduce.?Please let me introduce.May I present.?Id like to introduce.How did you guess?Id like you to know.Have you met.?Do you know.?Useful Sentences and Expressions Meet my f
10、riend.Mr.(Mrs.,Miss).,this.Useful Sentences and ExpressionsP PART ART IIIMaintaining a Sharp EyeMaintaining a Sharp EyeTouring in LondonText A Detailed Study of the Text A学习英语的好方法 Keep a positive attitude about English.If you think of English as a burden,it will be one!If you think of English as fun
11、 and exciting,you will practice more often and make progress more quickly!学英语要有积极的态度。如果你认为英语是个负担，它就是个负担！如果你认为英语有趣又刺激，你就会更经常地练习，进步得更快！1.London is a city with a long history.It is Britains political,economic and transportation centre and is also the largest city in Europe.Though Britain is only as big
12、 as Chinas Liaoning Province and has a population about the same as Guangdong Province,it was once the most powerful country in the world,an empire“on which the sun never sets”.ModernLondon has a new face;it is now one of the worlds top ten cities.2.A city looks more lively with a river running thro
13、ugh it,crossed by beautiful bridges.London is such a city.If you visit it,you must see its world-famous riverthe Thames,and the unique Tower Bridge crossing the river.People familiar with British history often say,“If there were no Thames,there would be no London.”The Thames runs like a white ribbon
14、 across the blue sky,winding its way through Londons urban areas.There are many scenic spots and historical sites that mark the progress of human society and the ups and downs of Britain.The most magnificent of these sites is the Tower Bridge,built in 1894,with its four towers.If large ships need to
15、 pass below it,it can be raised.When the bridge was first in use,it was raised as many as 50 times a day.Today advanced automated equipment is used to raise the bridge,so the old steam engines and boilersText ATouring in Londonare out of service and can only be seen in the Tower Bridge Museum.Becaus
16、e there arent so many large ships on the river now,people rarely see the bridge raised.3.Trafalgar Square is one of the most important places in Britain.It was built in memory of Admiral Nelson,who had won his last battle in the Spanish Cape Trafalgar.After the victory a statue was erected right in
17、the centre of the capital for people to look up.London is famous for its friendly pigeons.If you have some food for them,you can actually get them to stand on your head,shoulder,or your hand.People love to play with the pigeons and take pictures with them.Thats why the square is nickname“Pigeon Squr
18、e”.1.Though Britain is only as big as Chinas Liaoning Province and has a population about the same as Guangdong Province,it was once the most powerful country in the world,an empire“on which the sun never sets”.尽管英国只有中国辽宁省那么大，也只有大约广东省的人口，但它曾经却是世界上最强大的国家，是个“日不落帝国”。the most powerful 最强大的国家，最高级例如It was
19、 one of the most important discoveries ever made.这是所做出的最重大的发现之一。Detailed Study of Text A 2.A city looks more lively with a river running through it,crossed by beautiful bridges.城中有河、河上架桥，城市就显得生机活泼了起来。crossed by beautiful bridges.这是过去分词作状语，表示伴随，相当于一个状语从句，即“which it is crossed by”。一、过去分词作状语时的功能及位一、过去分
20、词作状语时的功能及位置置 1.过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。如：Although built thirty years ago,the house looks very beautiful.尽管这座房子是30年前被建造的，它看起来依然很漂亮。2.过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在
21、句首，有时也放在句末。如：Given more time,he can do it better.如果他被给予更多的时间，他就能把它做得更好。二、二、与状语从句的转换与状语从句的转换 1.过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when,while或after等引导的状语从句。如：Seen from the top of the hill,the park looks more beautiful.When it is seen from the top of the hill,the park looks more beautiful.从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。2.作条件状语，可转换为i
22、f,once或unless等引导的状语从句。如：United we will stand;divided we will fall.If we are united we will stand;if we are divided we will fall.团结就是胜利；分裂必然失败。3.作原因状语，可转换为as,since或because等引导的状语从句。如：Encouraged by the progress he has made,he works harder.As he is encouraged by the progress he has made,he works harder.
23、由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。4.作让步状语，可转换为although,though或even if等引导的状语从句。如：Although exhausted by the climb,we continued our journey.Although we were exhausted by the climb,we continued our journey.我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。5.作方式状语，如有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。如：He began to cry as if bitten by a sn
24、ake.He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。6.作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。如：Aunt Wu came in,followed by her daughter.Aunt Wu came in,and(she)was followed by her daughter.吴大娘走进来，（她）后面跟着她的女儿。3.There are many scenic spots and historical sites that mark the progress of human society and the ups
25、and downs of Britain.伦敦有着许多风景名胜，它们记载着人类社会的进步和英国的衰退。ups and downs:alternate good and bad luck 幸运与不幸运的交替。例句：Like most married couples weve had our ups and downs,but lifes like that.像大多数的夫妻到一样，我俩的婚姻波折迭起，但生活就是这样。Every one must have his share of the ups and downs.每个人都有得意时和失意时。Life is full of ups and down
26、s.人生有得意时也有失意时。He stuck by her through all lifes ups and downs.他对她始终不渝，同甘共苦。4.After the victory a statue was erected right in the centre of the capital for people to look up.那以后，人们就在首都的正中心建了一座雕塑以供敬仰。look up to someone:admire or respect someone 赞扬或尊敬某人.例如：The girl was so short that she had to look up
27、to her younger sister.小女孩个子太矮，只好仰着头看她的妹妹。In the old society,who would look up to us?在旧社会谁还会看得起我们？He could not but look up to the sky and sigh deeply when his lifetime of frustrations passed through his mind.想起自己坎坷的一生，他不由仰天长叹。P PART ART IIIMaintaining a Sharp EyeMaintaining a Sharp EyeNew York CityTe
28、xt B Detailed Study of the Text B 1.New York City is the largest city in the United States and the largest in the world.Facing the Atlantic,it is on the northeastern coast of the United States,and most of the city is built on island.It is one of the worlds most important centers of finance,industry,
29、and culture.2.Located at the mouth of the Hudson River,New York City is the busiest port of the country.It handles about one third of the countrys international shipping and can handle more ships than any other port in the world.Every day hundreds of ships bring in oil,sugar,coffee,tea,fruit,paper a
30、nd many other products.New York also ships wheat,flour,cars,machines,and many kinds of ready-made goods to other ports in the country and in the world.The city produces nearly a quarter of the countrys total manufactures.The center of New Yorks business world is Wall Street,whose influence is felt b
31、y the whole nation and probably by countries everywhere in the world.Text BNew York City 3.New York is an exciting city.Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan,the heart of the city,with its one hundred and more skyscrapers.The most famous among them are the Empire State Building,the United Nation
32、s Headquarters,Rockefeller Center,and the World Tread Center.The material used copper,stainless steel,concrete,and glass give the buildings a striking beauty.Nearly all the streets are in straight lines running from East to West.Those running from North to South are called avenues.The streets and av
33、enues,forming squares,or“blocks”,are lined with many expensive stores and huge apartment houses.4.The most crowed part of the city is perhaps Harlem,where mostly Black Americans lives.There the houses are in worse condition than anywhere else old,dirty,needing repairs,and sometimes dangerous.The cri
34、me rate there is among the highest in the western world.1.Facing the Atlantic,it is on the northeastern coast of the United States,and most of the city is built on island.它面向大西洋坐落于美国的东北海岸它面向大西洋坐落于美国的东北海岸,且全城且全城大部分建于岛上大部分建于岛上.facing the Atlantic 是现在分词作状语，相当是现在分词作状语，相当于一个句子，即于一个句子，即 New York City face
35、s the Atlantic.英语的一个句子中不能有两个简单英语的一个句子中不能有两个简单句，所以其中一个简单句通常改为不定式现在句，所以其中一个简单句通常改为不定式现在分词或过去分词等形式。分词或过去分词等形式。Detailed Study of Text BThe entire content of a book will be located on a single silicon chip.整本书的内容只用一片硅芯片就可以装下。2.Located at the mouth of the Hudson River,New York City is the busiest port of
36、the country.位于哈德逊河口的纽约是全美最繁忙的港口。be located in/at/on：be situated 位于，处于，座落在3.Every day hundreds of ships bring in oil,sugar,coffee,tea,fruit,paper and many other products.每天，成百上千的轮船载来油、糖、咖啡、茶、水果、纸张以及大量 其它产品。bring in介绍，带进，引入，赚取，判决 He intends to bring in some reforms.他打算提出些改革措施。Two suspicious characters
37、 were brought in.逮捕了两名嫌疑犯。He does odd jobs that bring him in about 30 a week.他做零工每周可赚约30英镑。4.Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan,the heart of the city,with its one hundred and more skyscrapers.作为纽约心脏的曼哈顿以富丽堂皇的建筑而闻名，有着100多座摩 天大楼。此句为倒装句，因主语带有较长的说明语而后置。5.Those running from North to South are call
38、ed avenues.那些南北走向的叫做大道。avenue,street:根据美国的道路规划，avenue比street要长要宽，在美国城市里avenue指南北走向的道路，而street则指东西走向的道路。6.The streets and avenues,forming squares,or“blocks”,are lined with many expensive stores and huge apartment houses.东西南北的道路构成广场或街区，两旁是昂贵的精品店和庞大的公寓。be lined with:被排满 Her face was lined with many car
39、es.由于烦心的事多，她脸上已有了皱纹。The inside of the box was lined with silk.那盒子用丝作衬里。7.There the houses are in worse condition than anywhere else old,dirty,needing repairs,and sometimes dangerous.并且这里的居住条件是最差的：都是又脏又旧需要抢修的危房。incondition：处于的状况。under the condition：在条件下。P PART ART IIIMaintaining a Sharp EyeMaintainin
40、g a Sharp EyeA New Island for IcelandText C Detailed Study of the Text C 1.Today I have seen a new land on fire rising from the sea a new creation making its mark on the map of the world.2.It has been clear and fine in the south of Iceland,and this was an unforgettable sight as the storm clouds from
41、 the submarine volcano close to the Westman Islands rose to 25,000 feet.3.The new island is now 1,500 feet long and 130 feet above sea level,where the depth is 60 fathoms.It is still rising and today it has been observed from ships and planes.Text CA New Island for Iceland 4.The south of Iceland,whe
42、re the capital,Reykjavik is situated,is always liable to earthquakes and eruptions.Today,from the coast about 50 miles from Reykjavik,I watched the column of the steam,black then white,ever changing and rising.It reminded me of the column from an atomic bomb,though certainly more beautiful and much
43、more wild.At the top the rays of the setting sun may be seen like a cap to the new-born island.Thousands of people in cars,eager to see this wonder of Nature are leaving the city of Reykjavik for the coast.5.On the Westman Island everyone has been out watching it.Hardly any work is done.The Westman
44、Islanders welcome their new neighbor.They hope the eruption will not touch their own town,carrying ash and lava.The children have been given a holiday from school to see a sight that will remain in their memories until they areold.1.Today I have seen a new land on fire rising from the sea a new crea
45、tion making its mark on the map of the world.今天我看到一个新土地从海上升起一种新的创造使其在世界地图上有了自己记号。Text CDetailed Study of Text C现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的主语目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。We are good friends.(现在的情况）现在的情况）I knew him in 1997.（过去的动作）（过去的动作）We have k
46、nown each other since 1997.（现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系（现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在）起来并着眼于现在）She has been to Beijing.(现在已不在北京，从结果上和现在联现在已不在北京，从结果上和现在联系起来）系起来）She has been in Beijing for two years.（现在仍在北京，从时间上和现在联系（现在仍在北京，从时间上和现在联系起来）起来）现在完成时的三种基本用法：现在完成时的三种基本用法：1.未完成用法。表示动作或状态开始于过未完成用法。表示动作或状态开始于过去，一直延续到现在，可能继续发展
47、，也去，一直延续到现在，可能继续发展，也可能刚刚结束。可能刚刚结束。He has been in the army for ten years.I have studied English since 1980.He has lived here all his life.a.be,live,study都是延续性动词。都是延续性动词。b.常用的时间状语：常用的时间状语：since,for,in the past few years,so far,all his life.2.反复性用法，表示过去到现在这段时间反复性用法，表示过去到现在这段时间内反复发生的动作。内反复发生的动作。I have b
48、een to the city twice this week.I have often wondered where she gets her money all these days.这种用法从时间上与现在发生了联系。这种用法从时间上与现在发生了联系。3.完成性用法，表示动作或状态到说完成性用法，表示动作或状态到说话时已经完成，通常所产生的结果把话时已经完成，通常所产生的结果把过去的动作和状态和现在联系起来。过去的动作和状态和现在联系起来。He has gone to Shanghai.他已经去了上海。（结果：他已不在他已经去了上海。（结果：他已不在这儿，这儿，He is not here
49、 now.）Can you make sure _ the gold ring?A.where Alice had putB.where had Alice putC.where Alice has putD.where has Alice put使用现在完成时表示过去发生的使用现在完成时表示过去发生的“放放”的动作的动作对现在的影响，究竟金戒指现在对现在的影响，究竟金戒指现在“在哪里在哪里”。When I was at college I _ three foreignlanguages,but I _ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had f
50、orgottenB.spoke;have forgottenC.had spoken;had forgottenD.had spoken;have forgotten“但都忘了但都忘了”是现在的情况，要用现在完成时，强调结果。是现在的情况，要用现在完成时，强调结果。-Im sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh,not at all.I _ here only a few minutes.A.have been B.had beenC.was D.will be“(for)only a few minutes”说明几分钟前来说明几分钟前来了这里，一直到现在。了这里，一直到现
