1、（英语） 高中英语动词试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、单项选择动词1He had been struggling for many years and finally _ his fantasies.Alived upBlived onClived throughDlived out【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语live up快乐生活；live on继续存在；live through经历；live out过着.的生活；live out his fantasies过着梦想的生活。句意：他努力了很多年，终于过着他梦想的生活了。根据句意可知D正确。考点：考查动词短语辨析2This
2、kind of plant _ grass in appearance , so its difficult for the students to tell them.Areflects BinstructsCresembles Dshapes【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这种植物的外表很像草，所以学生们很难区分它们。A. reflects反射；B. instructs命令；C. resembles类似；D. shapes使成形，根据题意，故选C。3As a result, these countries are always struggling to their repa
3、yments; government finances that could be spent on health, education and long-term development are instead used for debt repayment. Adive right in Bcatch up on Cpush ahead with Dsplit off from【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. dive right in立即行动；B. catch up on弥补、赶上；C. push ahead with推动；D. split off from脱离。句意：因
4、此，这些国家总是努力偿还债务；原本可以用于医疗、教育和长期反战的政府财政被用于偿还债务。根据句意可知此处表示“弥补、偿还”，故B项正确。4 Many optimistic teenagers owe their personalities to their outgoing parents. It makes sense. As we all know, a happy parent _ a happy child.Amakes out Bmakes into Cmakes up Dmakes for【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词组。A. makes out 明白，理解； B. make
5、s into制成； C. makes up由-组成，编造； D. makes for有助于。句意：许多乐观的青少年把他们的个性归功于他们外向的父母。它是有意义的。我们都知道，一个快乐的父母造就了一个快乐的孩子。故选D。5Although the long sentence and difficult structures in this novel have been _, it still keeps much of the charm and favor of the original.Aoccupied BpolishedCsimplified Drecited【答案】C【解析】【详解】
6、考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这部小说的长句和难句结构被简化了，但仍然保留了原著的许多魅力和偏爱。A. occupied 占用 B. polished 修改 C. simplified简化 D. recited 背诵。根据句意可知，选C。6The patient was still in danger, because after the transplant, his body _ the new heart.Arejected BreservedCreleased Drefreshed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：病人仍然处于危险之中，因为移植后，他的身体排斥新的心脏。A
7、. rejected拒绝，排斥 B. reserved 储存，预留 C. released 释放 D. refreshed更新。根据句意，可知选A。7Do you know why the teacher asks for me?He wants you to _ your absence last night.Aaccount forBcall forCsend forDreach for【答案】A【解析】答句句意：他想让你解释一下昨晚缺席的原因。account for表示“解释；说明”，符合语意。后三项分别表示“要求”、“派人去请”、“伸手去拿”，都不符合语意。8Studies sugge
8、st that babies learn to _ voices before birth They can recognize their mothers voice among a group of womenAsuspectBcompromiseCdiscriminateDinspect【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. suspect怀疑；B. compromise妥协； C. discriminate辨别；D. inspect检阅。句意：研究表明婴儿在出生前就能辨别声音，他能在一群女人中听出妈妈的声音。根据“They can recognize their mother
9、s voice among a group of women.”可知此处表示“辨别”，故C项正确。9Its strange that some fundamental professions in our society rarely receive the respect or acknowledgement they _.AmatchBacceptCreserveDdeserve【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查动词。A. match匹配；B. accept接受；C. reserve保留，预约；D. deserve应得，值得。句意：奇怪的是，在我们的社会中一些基本的职业很少受到应得的尊重和认
10、可。根据句意可知选D。考点：考查动词10- As we know, taking positive attitudes towards life is beneficial to our body and mind.- You can say that again. Struggle not to let negative ideas .Atake over Btake offCtake on Dtake up【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：-众所周知，对生活采取积极的态度有利于我们的身心健康。-你可以再说一遍。努力不要让消极的想法控制你。A. take over接管，控制；
11、B. take off起飞；C. take on呈现；D. take up占据。由句意可知，努力不要让消极的想法控制你。故take over符合题意。故A选项正确。11Though Tom was physically challenged, he did not _ himself to his fate.AresistBreserveCresignDrescue【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查动词辨析及固定搭配。动词resist反对，抵制；忍耐，抵抗；reserve预约；保留；储备；resign辞职；放弃；屈从；勉强接受；rescue救援；动词短语resign oneself to.听从，
12、顺从；句意：尽管Tom生理有缺陷，但他没有顺从命运的安排。上下文之间为转折关系，根据句意可知C正确。考点：考查动词辨析及固定搭配12To get promoted, I must _ my colleagues, who are committed to their jobs.Atake afterBtake toCtake inDtake on【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语take after长得像，性格类似于，效仿；take to喜欢上，沉溺于；take in吸收，理解，欺骗，收养；take on雇佣，呈现；句意：为了被提拔，我要消防我的同事们，他们工作非常努力。根据句
13、意可知take after意为“效仿”，符合上下文含义。考点：考查动词短语辨析13Although the ring is not made of real diamonds, its shape and design still _ many young girls.Aappeal toBfit forCattend toDapply for【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：尽管这个戒指不是用真的钻石做成的，但是它的形状和设计依然吸引了许多年轻的女孩。appeal to对有吸引力；fit for适合；attend to处理；apply for申请，选A。考点：考查词组辨析14Jess was
14、 sad and her friend helped her _ the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died.Abreak throughBbreak downCget throughDget rid of【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查词组：A. break through突破，B. break down崩溃，垮掉，抛锚，C. get through 接通，度过，完成，D. get rid of克服，句意：在丈夫Bill去世后，Jess很难过，她的朋友帮助她度过前几个难过的星期。选C。考点：考查词组15The main issue at
15、 the APEC meeting was a climate-change plan _ by Australias Howard and backed by Bush.Aput outBput offCput awayDput forward【答案】D【解析】考查短语辨析。句意“APEC会议的重要议题是一项气候改变计划，是由澳大利亚的霍华德提出的，并得到了布什的支持。”A“扑灭”；B“推迟”；C“收拾起来，放好”；D“提出”。故选D。16The event that _ in my memory happened one morning in 1983 when I was 14 year
16、s old. It has never escaped.Astood out Bstands outCwould stand out Dhas stood out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：在我的记忆中最突出的事件发生在1983年的一个早晨，当时我14岁。它从未逃出过我的记忆。此处指目前的一种客观事实，所以要用一般现在时态，故选B。17He has behaved in the most extraordinary way; I cant his actions at all.Aaccount forBcall forCsend forDreach for【答案】A【解析】考查动
17、词短语。 account for “ 解释 ”; call for“需要；要求”; send for“派人去请(拿)； 召唤”; reach for “伸手去拿”。由题意可知 A 项正确。18If you have any doubts about your health, youd better_ your doctor at once.AconvinceBconsultCavoidDaffect【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A. convince 说服；B. consult咨询； C. avoid 避免；D.
18、 affect影响。健康有问题应该咨询医生。故选B。19- Do you know anything about War of Seven Kingdoms, the Chinese Game of Thrones?-Sure. Although each event _ a well-known actor playing the key roles, it has all its plots well _on established historical records and archaeological findings.Afeatures; groundedBcharacterist
19、ics; witnessedCstars; dependedDdisplays; commented【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：-你知道中国的权力的游戏七国战争吗? -当然。虽然每一个事件都有一个著名的演员扮演关键角色，但它的所有情节都建立在既定的历史记录和考古发现的基础上。A. features 由主 演; grounded 使 基 于；B. characteristics 以.为特 征; witnessed目睹；C. stars 由做 主 演; depended依靠；D. displays; commented 作 出 评 论。由“a well-known actor
20、 ”可知，每一个事件都有一个著名的演员主演，所以第一个空应选择features。be grounded on“ 以 . 为基础”为固定短，在本句中为过去分词作后置定语。且符合句意。所以第二个空选grounded。故选A项。20-What happened to her?-She was _ to hospital with a soaring temperature.AadaptedBadjustedCadmittedDadopted【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：-她怎么了?-她因高烧而住院。A. adapted适应；B. adjusted调整；C. admitted 准
21、许进 入；D. adopted采纳。sb be admitted to sth“某人被准许进入某处”。故选C项。21A completely new situation will _ when the examination system comes into existence.AriseBariseCarouseDraise【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当考试系统形成时候，一个完全的新局面将会出现。A.rise 上升，增强（vi）、使.飞起（vt）；B. arise 出现，上升，起立（vi）；C. arouse 引起，激起（vt）、觉醒，醒来（vi）D . raise表
22、示提高（vt）；。根据句意“当考试系统形成时候，一个完全的新局面将会出现” 所以arise“出现”符合句意。故选B22In Britain today women _ 44% of the workers and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.Ago upBbring upChold upDmake up【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查up系列动词短语辨析。句意：在当今的英国，女性占了工人总数的44%，将近一半的妈妈们从事有报酬的工作。A. go up增长，上升；B. bring up养育，培养；C. hold up
23、举起，阻拦；D. make up组成，构成。本题中，女性构成了工人群体的44%，故选D。23-Youve made great progress in your studies of English, havent you? - Yes, but much_.Aremains to doBis remained to doCis remained to be doneDremains to be done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你的英语学习取得了很大的进步，是吗？是的，但还有很多工作要做。根据句意和结构可知remain表示“仍然”，不能用被动语态，而且much和do是被
24、动关系，表示将要发生的事情，用不定式，因此应使用不定式的被动式。故选D。24Its surprising that your brother _ Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long.Apicked upBlooked upCput upDmade up【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：你哥哥学俄语学得这么快，真令人吃惊他在那儿住的时间不长。A项，pick up “捡起；（尤指偶然地、无意地、不费劲地）得到；学会；爬起； 接载”；B项，look up “向上看；改善；拜访（某人）；查找”；C项，put up “举起；张
25、贴；建造；提高；提供食宿”；D项，make up “组成；补足；弥补；编造；化妆”。根据句意，只有A项符合句意，“picked up Russian” 意为“学会了俄语”。故正确答案为A。25Dont be _ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.Ataken offBtaken outCtaken awayDtaken in【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不要被那些承诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。take in 意为“欺骗”,表示“不要受许诺很快减肥的产品的欺骗”。take off意为“拿掉,取消,
26、脱衣”；take out意为“拿出,取出,去掉,出发”；take away意为“取走”。根据题意，故选D。26You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, _ the situation they are in.Abringing aboutBdepending onCgetting intoDleading to【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语。句意：你可能会发现人们会用不同的方式表达相同的观点，这主要取决于他们所处的情景。A. bringing about带来；B. de
27、pending on取决；C. getting into进入；D. leading to导致；根据情景和词义，故选B项。考点：考查动词短语27Whenever I _an interesting article online, I will share it with friends on WeChat.Afigure outBput forwardCget acrossDcome across【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当我在网上遇到有趣的文章时，我会与微信上的朋友分享。A. figure out找出；B. put forward提出；C. get across跨越；
28、D. come across偶然遇到。分享文章通常是先遇到好文章再分享，没必要特意找好文来分享，所以A错，B、C选项明显和句意不搭，故选D。28Children have to _ conventional ceremonies in greeting their seniors on the New Years Eve.Anotice BprotestCprohibit Dobserve【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在除夕夜，孩子们必须遵守传统仪式来迎接他们的长辈。A. notice注意 B. protest抗议 C. prohibit禁止 D. observe遵守。此处
29、observe为“遵守”，故选D。29Whenever I feel lonely or upset, I always do some reading, which _ me well.Aserves Bsuits Cfavors Dmotivates【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：每当我感到孤独或沮丧时，我总是读些书，这对我很有好处。A. serves对某人有用；B. suits适合；C. favors 支 持；D. motivates 激 励。serve sb“对某人有用”符合句意。故A选项正确。30These rules _ new members only.Aare a
30、pplied toBapply forCapply toDare applied for【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语。短语apply to sb for sth向某人申请某物；apply to适用.；句意：这些规则只适用于新成员。根据句意可知C项正确。考点：考查动词短语辨析31It is beyond awkward when everyone around you _ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if its a joke told in a foreign language.Arun int
31、oBbursts outCyells outDfalls into【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语的词义辨析。A.run into快速进入，碰撞；B. bursts out 爆发；C. yells out 大声说出来；D. falls into落入，分成。句意：当你身边的人因一个你不觉得有趣的笑话尤其是用外语来说的笑话而突然爆笑时，你是非常尴尬的。故选B。考点：考查动词短语的词义辨析32She_ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.Aturned downBcame
32、 acrossCtook afterDdealt with【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她昨天去购物的时候偶然碰见了她的一个老朋友。A. turned down拒绝； B. came across偶遇；偶然碰到； C. took after与相像； D. dealt with处理。根据句意可知，此处指“偶然遇到”，故选B。33The early pioneers had to many hardships to settle on the new land.Ago along withBgo back onCgo throughDgo into【答案】C【解析】【详
33、解】考查动词短语辨析：句意：先民不得不新土地上经历很多艰难困苦才能定居下来。A. go along with和相处，B. go back on 背弃，C. go through经历，检查，D. go into染上。由“many hardships to settle on the new land”可知，go through“经历”符合句意。故选C。34As the Internet is expanding day by day, the opportunities for crime _ as well.AhasBisChaveDare【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：随着互联
34、网的日益发展，犯罪的机会也越来越多。as well为固定短语，意为“也，同样”，作状语，分析句子成分可知，主句为省略句，承前省略了动词expanding，故只保留系动词，主语opportunities为复数，故填are，选D。35The event is a clear indication that food safety is a big problem; nobody can _ all foods are secure to us, but we are sure that the situation is turning for the better.AacknowledgeBgua
35、ranteeCidentifyDclarify【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这一事件清楚地表明，食品安全是个大问题;没有人能保证所有的食物对我们都是安全的，但我们确信情况正在好转。A. acknowledge承认，致谢；B. guarantee保证；C. identify识别；D. clarify澄清。分析句子可知，此处应表示没有人能保证所有的食物对我们都是安全的。结合选项，故选B。36-How do you find the movie Nobodies released recently?-Its fantastic. What a huge box office hit on
36、 the first day！And it has been _ ever since.Acatching onBpushing onCcarrying onDcounting on【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词组。A. catching on 理解，明白；变得流行 B. pushing on推进，推动； C. carrying on继续； D. counting on指望，依靠。句意：你觉得最近上映的电影无名小卒怎么样?棒极了。在第一天获得一个巨大的票房!一直流行至今。故选A。37By doing so, you can _ more information and details a
37、bout the topic, and better understand it.Akeep up withBdo away withChave access toDget down to【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样做，你可以了解关于这个主题更多的信息和细节，并且可以更好的理解它。have access to意为“接近，了解，使用”，C选项正确。keep up with跟上；do away with结束，消除；get down to着手处理。38While in university, we were offered a number of afterschool activ
38、ities to _ our social skillsAcreateBgrowCdevelopDsettle【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大学期间，学校给我们提供许多的课外活动用于培养我们的社交技能。A.create创造；B.grow成长；C.develop发展；养成；D.settle安顿；解决。develop可以表示培养的意思，故选C。39Being an experienced lecturer, Mr. Black_ his speech to suit a younger audience.AsimplifiedBaddressedCexchangedDdeli
39、vered【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个经验丰富的演讲者，布莱克先生简化他的演讲以适应年轻听众的需要。A. simplified简化；B. addressed称呼；C. exchanged交换；D. delivered递送。故选A。40Did Jackson mend the computer himself?He_, because he knows nothing about computers.Amended itBhad mended itChad it mendedDhas it mended【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：Jacks
40、on是自己修的电脑吗？他找人修的，因为他不懂电脑。根据后一句because he knows nothing about computers.可知，Jackson不懂电脑，所以他请人修理电脑，根据上文的Did判断为一般过去时，it和mend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，had it mended让电脑被修，故选C项。【点睛】本句考查have作为使役动词的用法，其搭配通常为have sb/sth do/ done/doing其中do/doing/done是宾语的补语，例如1. You should have your teeth pulled out.你应该拔牙。（牙齿和pull之间是被动关系，故用过去分词）2. The teacher had Mary clean the classroom.老师让玛丽打扫教室。（Mary和clean之间是主动，且是一次性动作，故用动词原形）3. His joke had me laughing for a whole afternoon。他的笑话让我笑了一下午。（me和laugh之间是主动，且表动作延续了一段时间，故用doing）
