1、(英语) 高考英语语法填空专题训练答案及解析一、高中英语语法填空1阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The carpenter thinks that his or her child can_(shape). The idea is that if you just do the right things,
2、 get the right skills and read the right books, youre going to be able to turn your child _a particular kind of adult, she said The gardener, however is seldom concerned about _ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space _explore). The style is all about: creating a
3、rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem. Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said. Many parents are carpenters, and _is really necessary for them to bring up their children. She spent decades researching childrens development
4、 and finally _(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become_ (anxiety), tense or unhappy. Were so concerned about our children _ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that were unwilling to a
5、llow them to _ (free) explore the world. she says. The truth is that the _ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.【答案】 be shaped;into;controlling;to explore;it;found;anxious;who/that;freely;less 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。 (1)考查语态。句意:“木匠
6、型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知,此处主语与动词之间为被动关系,又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。 (2)考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn . into.固定短语,“将.变成.”,故填into。 (3)考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而,“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样,而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。 (4)考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而,“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样,而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语,修饰名词space
7、。故填to explore。 (5)考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母,对他们来说,把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为Its十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸,意为“对某人来说,做某事是”,在 该句中是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。 (6)考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展,最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知,此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。 (7)考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑,紧张或不快乐。此处用所给词的形容词作become的表语。故填
8、anxious。 (8)考查定语从句。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子,我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来,我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知,该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是our children,故此处用关系代词who/that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。 (9)考查副词。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子,我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来,我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词explore。故填freely。 (10)考查形容词。句意: 事实是,父母越不担心结果,他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根据句意“事实是
9、,父母对结果的担心越少,他们的孩子的生活就越好”可知,此处用所给形容词的比较级,且枸成“the十比较级,the十比较级”的结枸。故填less。 【点评】本题考点涉及语态,介词,非谓语动词,代词,时态,形容词,定语从句,副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。2阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since _ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans _(find) i
10、nnumerable uses for the material. It has found _(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in _(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, _(small) than 5 millimeters in length e
11、very year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health _(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are _(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came _ drinking bottled water, in _ the bottle itself added more t
12、han 32 times more plastic to a diet _(compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.【答案】 the;have found;its;environmental;smaller;effects;casually;from;which;compared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中,研究人员估计,美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒,这些微粒的长度小于5毫米,再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。 (1)考查冠词。句意:自从1907
13、年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。 (2)考查时态。句意:人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。since引导的时间从句要用一般过去时,主句要用现在完成时。分析句子成分可知,主语是humans,故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。 (3)考查代词。句意:它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体。way是名词,此处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。 (4)考查形容词。句意:在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词science and technology(科学与技术)。故填environmental
14、。 (5)考查形容词。句意:美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒,这些微粒的长度小于5毫米,再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。 (6)考查名词。句意:尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据the health是主语的一部分,可知此处用名词作主语,且谓语动词是are,故用可数名词复数,填effects。 (7)考查副词。句意:但研究人员强调,人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。 (8)考查介词。句意:最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from,固定短语,“来自”。故填f
15、rom。 (9)考查定语从句。句意:瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知,先行词为drinking bottled water,指物,且作in的宾语,故此处填which。故填which。 (10)考查非谓语动词。句意:瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子可知,the bottle itself与compare在逻辑上是被动关系。故填compared。 【点评】本题考点涉及冠词,时态,代词,形容词,名词,介词,副词,定语从句以及非谓语动词的等多个知识点的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相
16、关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。3阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入适当的词(不多于3个单词)或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 In 1982, July 1st was officially established as Canada Day. Various events are organized on this day, _(include) parades, concerts, festivals and firework displays, _ gather Canadians of all ages across the coun
17、try. Canada Day is the years biggest national party. Canadas national flag can be seen everywhere and many people have their faces _ (paint) red and white, which are Canadas national colors. The _ (celebrate) in Ottawa, Canadas capital city, are especially grand and exciting. In Quebec, many people
18、spend Canada Day _ (move) from one house to another. So in Quebec, Canada Day is also known _ Moving Day. Many organizations, businesses and stores are closed on this day. Only some bookstores, hospitals and gas stations may be open. Post offices are closed, too. As Canada Day _ (fall) during the Ca
19、nadian summer holidays, all schools are closed as well. In some areas, special services _ (provide) for large events. The Canadians enjoy _ (they) to the full on this day. The only problem is _ the concerts, parades and festivals may cause traffic jams in some major cities.【答案】 including;which;paint
20、ed;celebrations;moving;as;falls;are provided;themselves;that 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了加拿大国庆日是今年最大的全国性节日。这一天会组织各种各样的活动,包括游行、音乐会、节日和焰火表演,这些活动把加拿大各地各个年龄段的人聚集在一起。 (1)考查介词。句意:这一天会组织各种各样的活动,包括游行、音乐会、节日和焰火表演,这些活动把加拿大各地各个年龄段的人聚集在一起。位于逗号之后,且后面直接接宾语parades, concerts, festivals and firework displays,含有补充说明之意,故填incl
21、uding。 (2)考查定语从句。句意:这一天会组织各种各样的活动,包括游行、音乐会、节日和焰火表演,这些活动把加拿大各地各个年龄段的人聚集在一起。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词events,且先行词在从句中做主语,指物,故填which。 (3)考查非谓语动词。句意:加拿大的国旗随处可见,许多人的脸被涂成红色和白色,这是加拿大的国色。本句为have sth. done结构,其中需要过去分词做宾语补足语,故填painted。 (4)考查名词。句意:加拿大首都渥太华的庆祝活动特别盛大,令人兴奋。根据上文the可知应填名词,且根据下文”are especially grand and exciti
22、ng“可知应用复数形式,故填celebrations。 (5)考查非谓语动词。句意:在魁北克,许多人在加拿大的这一天从一所房子搬到另一所房子。spend time doing sth.固定短语,“花费时间做某事”,故填moving。 (6)考查介词。句意:所以在魁北克,加拿大国庆日也被称为搬家日。be known as固定短语,“被称为”,故填as。 (7)考查时态。句意:由于加拿大国庆日正好是加拿大的暑假,所有的学校也都放假了。此处说明一般性情况用一般现在时,且主语为Canada Day谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填falls。 (8)考查时态语态。句意:在一些地区,为大型活动提供特别服务。本
23、句说的是经常性情况故用一般现在时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故填are provided。 (9)考查代词。句意:加拿大人在这一天尽情享受。enjoy oneself固定短语,“玩得愉快”,此处指Canadians自己,故填themselves。 (10)考查表语从句。句意:唯一的问题是音乐会、游行和节日可能会在一些大城市造成交通堵塞。本句为表语从句,从句中不缺少成分,故填that。 【点评】本题考点涉及介词,定语从句,非谓语动词,名词,介词,时态,代词以及表语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析
24、推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。4阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Living a life with meaning and purpose is the key to improving your psychological well-being. Your purpose doesnt_(necessary), have to involve changing the world or finding a career _(devote) to helping others. Instead, you might make it your purpose
25、to be kind every day. _you feel like your life lacks purpose, dont worry. There are many ways you can find purpose in life and build a life that has more meanings. You can begin by thinking about the legacy(遗赠) you would like to leave behind. Write down how youd like to _(remember) at the end: of yo
26、ur life, or think about the impact you want to leave _the planet. Then, establish some_(objective)that can help you reach those goals. _(work) toward your goals will give you a reason, to get out of bed every day, beyond earning money. Thinking positively_(improve) your psychological well-being. In
27、turn, as your psychological well-being improves,_ becomes easier to think positively and feel good overall. Spend time thinking about some of the best memories - of your life. Whether its a family vacation you went on 10 years ago or you won an award at work two years ago, recalling the _(happy) tim
28、es in your life can bring more positivity to your thinking. 【答案】 necessarily;devoted;If/When;be remembered;On;objectives;Working;Improves/ will improve;it;happiest 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,论述的是过有意义有目的的生活是改善心理健康的关键。 (1)考查副词。句意:你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的职业。not necessarily固定短语,“不一定”。此处是用副词修饰动词 have to。故填necessa
29、rily。 (2)考查非谓语动词。句意:你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的职业。be devoted to固定短语,“致力于,专心于”。此处用过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于定语从句which is devoted。故填devoted。 (3)考查状语从句。句意:如果或当你觉得你的生活缺乏目标,不要担心。此处是条件或时间状语从句的引导词,置句首单词首字母大写。故填If/When。 (4)考查非谓语动词。句意:写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式,或者想一想你希望给这个星球留下的影响。would like to do sth.固定短语,“愿意做某事”。此处句子主语you和remem
30、ber之间是一种被动关系,用被动形式表达“你想怎样被记住”。故填be remembered。 (5)考查介词。句意:写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式,或者想一想你希望给这个星球留下的影响。on the planet 固定短语,“在这个星球上”,故填on。 (6)考查名词。句意:然后,建立一些目标来帮助你实现这些目标。some后面跟名词复数,故填objectives。 (7)考查非谓语动词。句意:不止是挣钱,每天从床上爬起来朝着你的目标努力会给你一个理由。此处是动名词作主语,故填Working。 (8)考查时态。句意:积极的思考会改善你的心理健康。此句中缺乏谓语,主语是动名词,文章主时态是一
31、般现在时,根据句意,此处需要用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式或将来时,故填improves/ will improve。 (9)考查代词。句意:反过来,随着你的心理健康状况的改善,你会更容易积极地思考,整体感觉也会更好。此处是it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。 (10)考查形容词。句意:无论是10年前的家庭度假,还是两年前在工作中获奖,回忆生活中最快乐的时光都能给你的思想带来更多的积极因素。与前句中的 the best memories相对应,应用 happy的最高级形式。故填happiest。 【点评】本题考点涉及副词,非谓语动词,状语从句,介词,名词,时态,代词以及形容词等多
32、个知识点的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。5语法填空 It is reported _ over 100,000 people took part in a massive parade at Beijings Tiananmen Square _ the morning of Oct 1, National Day, _ (celebrate) the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.
33、 Participants from all walks of life and ethnic groups attended _ceremony, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots(同胞), overseas Chinese and foreigners _(include), said Du Feijin, head of the publicity department of the Beijing Committee of the Communist Party of China. Tiananmen Square featured red
34、 decorations representing the _ (glory) history of the Party as it led the Chinese revolution to victory, he said, _ (add) that 70 red lanterns ware hung parallel to the east and west sides of the square. A series of _ (active) like raising the national flag, singing the national anthem and commemor
35、ating revolutionary martyrs(烈士) held nationwide to let _ (many) people take part in celebrating the birthday of the motherland. Besides, a documentary which featured highlights during the 70-year journey _(broadcast) on TV.【答案】 that;on;to celebrate;the;included;glorious;adding;activities;more;was br
36、oadcast 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了10月1日庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年游行的情况。 (1)考查主语从句。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大游行。it is reported that固定句式,“据报道”,故填that。 (2)考查介词。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大游行。on the morning of固定短语,“在的早晨”,具体的日子之前用介词on,故填on。 (3)考查非谓语动词。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆
37、节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大游行。本句中celebrate做非谓语动词,做目的状语用不定式。故填to celebrate。 (4)考查冠词。句意:中共北京市委宣传部部长杜飞金表示:“来自各行各业和各民族的代表参加了仪式,包括港澳台同胞、海外华人和外国人。”此处特指10月1日国庆节当天上午举行的阅兵仪式,故填the。 (5)考查非谓语动词。中共北京市委宣传部部长杜飞金表示:“来自各行各业和各民族的代表参加了仪式,包括港澳台同胞、海外华人和外国人。”included在句中做非谓语动词,与上文列举的Hong Kong, Macao and Tai
38、wan compatriots, overseas Chinese and foreigners构成被动表示“被包括在内的”,故填included。 (6)考查形容词。句意:他说:“天安门广场上的红色装饰代表了党领导中国革命取得胜利的光荣历史,”他还补充说,70盏红灯笼与天安门广场东西两侧平行悬挂。history为名词需要形容词修饰,故填glorious。 (7)考查非谓语动词。句意:他说:“天安门广场上的红色装饰代表了党领导中国革命取得胜利的光荣历史,”他还补充说,70盏红灯笼与天安门广场东西两侧平行悬挂。本句中add做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语he构成主动关系用现在分词,故填adding。 (
39、8)考查名词。句意:在全国范围内举行升旗、唱国歌、纪念革命先烈等一系列活动,让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来。activity为可数名词,由a series of修饰应用复数形式,故填activities。 (9)考查形容词。句意:在全国范围内举行升旗、唱国歌、纪念革命先烈等一系列活动,让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来。结合句意可知“让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来”应用形容词比较级,故填more。 (10)考查时态语态。句意:此外,电视还播放了一部讲述70年历程的纪录片。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动,且事情发生在过去用一般过去时,主语为a documentary,故填was
40、 broadcast。 【点评】本题考点涉及主语从句,介词,非谓语动词,冠词,形容词,名词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。6阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mochi (年糕) is a traditional food popular in Chinese and Japanese cooking, made from _ (special) treated rice. It is often presented in th
41、e form of a round cake, and is traditionally exchanged at the New Year.Mochi is made by _ (put) sticky rice into water overnight, cooking it and pounding it into a sticky paste. The paste is made into shapes ranging from simple to complex rounds, some of _ are stuffed with sweet fillings. Mochi is o
42、ften decorated with _ (flower) or fruits, especially when it is exchanged as _ gift at celebrations like birthdays and the New Year. Traditionally, wooden mortars (臼) and pestles (杵) _ (use) to pound mochi rice. Fresh mochi is usually cooked and served warm _ a variety of sauces. Steaming and boilin
43、g are both popular preparations in Japan, along with cooking. Fresh mochi is soft but it_ (hard) quickly. Prepacked mochi blocks, flattened and cut into square pieces or shaped into rounds, are available at grocery stores. Mochi can go bad easily, so its _ (good) to cook soon than to keep it in your
44、 fridge. Hard mochi pieces can be cooked, deep-fried, boiled, and more. Cooked mochi is very sticky, so be careful not _ (choke) on it.【答案】 specially;putting;which;flowers;a;are used;with;hardens;better;to choke 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国和日本受欢迎的传统食物年糕。 (1)考查副词。句意:年糕是一种在中国和日本很流行的传统食物,由经过特殊处理的大米制成。此处要用副词修
45、饰形容词treated,故填specially。 (2)考查非谓语动词。句意:年糕是将糯米放入水中过夜。by是介词,意为“通过”后接doing形式,故填putting。 (3)考查定语从句。句意:这种糊状物的形状从简单的圆形到复杂的圆形,有些是甜馅的。此处是定语从句,指代上文的paste,从句中做介词宾语,用关系代词which,故填which。 (4)考查名词。句意:年糕通常用鲜花或水果装饰。根据or fruits,可知此处用名词复数,故填flowers 。 (5)考查冠词。句意:尤其是在生日和新年等庆祝活动中作为礼物交换时。根据as _5_ gift,gift“礼物”,可数名词,故填a。 (
46、6)考查时态语态。句意:传统上,木臼和杵是用来捣糯米的。主语是wooden mortars and pestles,谓语动词用复数形式的被动语态,又因为时态是一般现在时,故填are used。 (7)考查介词。句意:新鲜的年糕通常是煮熟的,并与各种酱料一起热着吃。介词with表示“与一起”,根据句意,故填with。 (8)考查时态。句意:新鲜的年糕很软,但会很快变硬。主语是it,是第三人称单数,指Fresh mochi,时态是一般现在时,故填hardens。 (9)考查形容词。句意:年糕很容易变坏,所以与其把它存放在冰箱里,不如现煮现吃。根据than可知此处形容词的比较级,故填better。
47、(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:煮熟的年糕很黏,所以要小心别噎着了。be careful to do sth.固定短语,“小心做某事”,可知此处用动词不定式,故填to choke。 【点评】本题考点涉及副词,非谓语动词,定语从句,名词,冠词,时态语态,介词,形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。7阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Ne Zha, Chinas animated blockbuster hit of the summer, is ready _(hit) North American theaters later this month. Well Go U