1、(英语)中考英语定语从句基础练习题及解析一、定语从句1“Underground” is the only word in the English language _ begins and ends with the letters “und”.AwhatBthatCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析:句意:在英语中“underground”是唯一一个开头和结尾都用字母组合“und”的单词。此处先行词word有不定代词the only来修饰,故用关系代词that来引导。 故选B。2Linda will never forget the words her father
2、told her.AthatBwhoCwhereDwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:Linda将永远不会忘记她父亲告诉她的这些话。that关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词可以为人或物;who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词为人;where是关系副词,引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语;what什么,常引导名词性从句,不能引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知,这里是一个定语从句,修饰空前的the words,指物,且在从句中作宾语,故应选A。3Children like stories _have happy endings, and so do many old people.AwhoBwhichC
3、what【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:孩子们喜欢有美满结局的故事,许多老人也是。who引导定语从句,修饰人;which引导定语从句,修饰事物;what引导名词性从句。此处修饰先行词stories的定语从句,修饰事物,故用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选B。4The only language _ is easy to learn is mother tongueAwhichBthatC/Dit【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。先行词language在定语从句中作主语,由于它前面有修饰语only,所以只能用关系代词that,不能用which,因此选B。考点:考查
4、定语从句。5Shirley is the girl _ taught me how to use Wechat(微信).AwhomBwhichCwho【答案】C【解析】句意:雪莉是教会我如何使用微信的一个女孩。whom修饰人,在定语从句中作宾语或表语;which修饰事物,在定语从句中主语或宾语,或表语。who修饰人,在定语从句作主语,宾语或表语。此处作为定语从句的主语,修饰the girl,故用who。故选C。6 - In a text message, 88 means Bye-bye.- And another example is F2F_ stands for face to face
5、.AthatBwhoCwhomDit【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:在短信中,88的意思是再见。在另一个例子是F2F表示面对面.结合语境可知下文先行词F2F做下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that,选A。考点:考查定语从句7Do you know the man saved three pupils in the accident?AwhoBitCwhomDwhose【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:你认识在事故中救了三个小孩的人吗?定语从句中,先行词指人时,用关系词who(作主语),whom(作宾语),that;先行词指事物时,用关系词that/which。本题中,先行词the
6、man指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who ,故选A。【考点定位】考查定语从句。8Which song do you like better, Maria?I prefer the song Manual of Youth _ is sung by TFBOYS.AwhichBwhoCwhomDwhere【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:Maria,你比较喜欢哪首歌?我比较喜欢由 TFBOYS演唱的青春修炼手册首先分析句子结构,本句中的is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句,其中先行词the song Manual of Youth指物,且在定语从句中做逻辑主语,所以关系代词用
7、that/which,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法。9Jack likes being with the classmates _ are outgoing and kind.AwhereBwhichCwhenDwho【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:杰克喜欢和性格开朗、和蔼可亲的同学在一起。A. where在哪;B. which哪个;C. when何时;D. who谁。这里是定语从句,先行词是the classmates是名词,表示人,关系词用who。根据题意,故选D。10This is one of the most interesting cities I have ever visi
8、ted.AwhoBthatCwhichDwhere【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:这是我曾经参观的最有趣的城市之一。这里是定语从句,先行词是cities,定语从句中缺少宾语,当先行词有最高级修饰的时候用关系词that,故选B。考点:考查定语从句,。11What kind of movies do you like? I prefer movies _give me something to think about.AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhen【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:你喜欢什么种类的电影?我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。A. which关系词,先行词是物;B. who关系
9、词,先行词指人;C. what不能引导定语从句;D. when关系副词,在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物,关系词用which。根据题意,故选A。12Do you know the boy over there?The one is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.AwhatBwhichCwhoD不填【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意: 你认识那边那个男孩吗? 那个拿着球的人?哦,他是我的邻居菲尔。本题考查定语从句。A. what什么;B. which哪一个;C. who谁。what引导的是主语,表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从
10、句。因为定语从句是形容词性质的。而what所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A;分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知,本题缺少的是主语,且关系词在定语从句中做主语,不能省略。故选项D不对;我们知道:who 的先行词是人,which的先行词是物。本题的The one是指上文的the boy over there,指人的先行词,因此应该用who来引导。故选C。13Which song do you like better, Lucy?I prefer the song Little Apple_ can attract many people.Awhi
11、chBwhoCwhomDwhere【答案】A【解析】试题分析:本题考查定语从句中的关系代词。先行词是the song Little Apple, 指物,且关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故which符合题意。14Music is the only thing _ can help me to relax after a long day of hard work.AwhichBthatCwho【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:音乐是可以在努力工作的一天后,帮助我放松的唯一一件事。which修饰事物,引导定语从句;that修饰事物,引导定语从句;who修饰人,引导定语从句。此处修饰先行词thing,有
12、the only修饰,故用that引导定语从句。故选B。15The story _ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.AwhoseBwhoCthatDwhere【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:我在报纸上读到的那个故事是关于青少年的一个普遍问题。考查定语从句的先行词。这里指代我在报纸上所读的故事,用that作为定语从句的先行词。故选C。16The photos successfully show the rich culture _makes Shiyan so famous.AwhatBwhic
13、hCwhoDwhy【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。A. what不能作为定语从句的连接词;B. which先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;C. who先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;D. why引导定语从句时,在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture,指物,引导定语从句的关联词只能用which,故答案为B。【点睛】在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人
14、的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代
15、替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。17I really like the family photo _ we took on my grandpas 80th birthday.AwhoBthatCwhatDwhose【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:我真的很喜欢爷爷80岁
16、生日时拍的全家福。本题考查定语从句。A. who指代人;B. that既可以指人又可以指物;C. what不能引导定语从句;D. whose指代某人/物的。根据题干可知本句中的先行词是photo,指物,所以B选项that符合题意,故答案选B。18The green tea _ grows in South China is quite popular in China.Awhich Bwhen Cwhere【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:在中国南部生长的绿茶在中国非常受欢迎。which 引导定语从句的关系代词,先行词是物,which在定语从句中做主语或宾语;when关系副词,指时间;wher
17、e 关系副词,指地点。根据句意可知,这里定语从句的先行词是The green tea,并且定语从句中缺少主语,故应选A。考点:考查定语从句的关系代词。19The cat _ played with you just now is _.A which; I B what; me C that; mine D who; my【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:刚才和你玩的猫是我的。The cat后跟的是定语从句,先行词the cat指事物,关系词用that或which;后空意思是“我的”,未修饰名词,用名词性的物主代词:mine。故选C。考点:考查定语从句及代词的用法。20 -Our English
18、 teacher is very kind, and we all like her very much.-Thats for sure. A person _ cares for others is popular everywhere.A who B which C whom D whose【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:-我们的英语老师非常的善良,并且我们非常喜欢她。-那是当然。一个关心他人的人到处都受到欢迎。根据先行词是person,所以引导词用that 或者who。结合选项,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法。21 Chinese Spelling Hero is a popular
19、 TV show _ focuses on Chinese character writing among teenagers.AthatBwhoCwhomDwhat【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:汉字英雄是一个受欢迎的电视节目,侧重于青少年的汉字书写。此句是个复合句-定语从句,先行词TV show是物,先行词是物时用引导词that,在定语从中作主语,结合句意和语境可知选A。考点:考查定语从句。22The first thing _ I have to do now is to keep healthy.AwhichBthatCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我现在不得不做
20、的第一件事是保持健康。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that。2关系副词:where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指人又可指物。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which :先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时, 先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the onl
21、y等作定语时,先行词既有人又有物时。根据先行词有序数词修饰,故选B。考点:考查定语从句的用法。23Carla cant stand the boy _ often plays jokes on her in front of the whole class.AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhom【答案】B【解析】句意:Carla无法忍受那个经常在全班面前取笑她的那个男孩。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语或宾语;who引导定语从句修饰人,作主语或宾语;what引导名词性从句,作主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语。此处先行词boy表示人,在定语从句中作主语,故用who引导定
22、语从句。故选B。24Do you like playing basketball?No,I dont.The only ball game_ I like is pingpong.AwhichBthatCwhatDwhy【答案】B【解析】句意:你喜欢打篮球吗?不,我不喜欢。我喜欢的唯一球类比赛是乒乓球。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语或宾语。先行词是不定代词或有不定代词修饰时,用that引导定语从句。what引导名词性从句,作主语或宾语;why引导定语从句,修饰表示原因的先行词。此处的先行词有不定代词the only修饰,故后面的定语从句用that引导,故选B。25The rich m
23、an is very kind and helpful to the people _ have difficulties.AwhichBwhomCwhoDwhat【答案】C【解析】句意:那个富人对有困难的人非常善良,而且爱帮助。which引导定语从句修饰事,作主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who引导定语从句修饰人,作主语或宾语;what引导名词性从句,作主语,宾语或表语。此处先行词people,表示人,后面的定语从句中缺少主语,故用who引导。故选C。26A graduation ceremony is a custom takes place students g
24、raduate from a school.Awhich; whenBthat; whoCwhich; whoseDthat; which【答案】A【解析】句意:毕业仪式就是当学生们从学校毕业时,举行的一个习惯仪式。结合语境可知前文先行词custom为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that或者which。下文从句内容为前文动作发生的逻辑时间状语,故引导词用when,当时候,选A。考点:英语从句27Most students enjoy having lessons _ are interesting and lively.AthatBwhatCwhoDwhose【答案】A【解析】句意
25、:大多数学生喜欢有趣的充满活力的课堂。此句考查定语从句的关联词,what不能引导定语从句,先行词lessons指物,要由that/which来引导,作定语从句的主语,故答案为A。28What kind of TV shows do you prefer?I like the ones _ make me laugh.AwhoBwhomCthatDwhat【答案】C【解析】句意:-你喜欢哪种电视节目?-我喜欢那种使我笑的节目。_ make me laugh 是定语从句。A. who是定语从句的关系代词,指人的;在句中作主语; B. whom是定语从句的关系代词,指人的;在句中作宾语;C. tha
26、t是定语从句的关系代词,指人或物;在句中作主语或宾语; D. what不能引导定语从句。故排除D;第二句中的the ones代替前面出现的名词电视节目,指物,故排除AB;故选C。点睛:考查定语从句。首先分析句子是否是定语从句。看选项有哪个可以作关系词,what不能引导定语从句。再次根据先行词指人还是指物,找对应的关系词。29- Its the best time to visit Lianyungang now. - This is the best place _ I have ever visited.AwhereBthatCwhichDwhen【答案】B【解析】句意:现在是参观连云港的最佳时间。这是我去过的最好的地方。考查定语从句。四个选项所示引导词均可引导定语从句,但先行词the best place有最高级best限制,需用that引导,故选B。30Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _ you had with your dad yesterday.AwhatBwhichCwhenDwho【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。定语从句先行词the discussion是物,在定语从句you had with your dad yesterday中作had的宾语,故用which引导此定语从句,所以选B。