1、Lesson 94 Future champions未来的冠军 【Text】 Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age. At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. Babies of two months old do not appear to b
2、e reluctant to enter the water. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool. A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under w
3、ater. The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool. Many pedal their tricycles, but most of them prefer to push or drag them. Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even once. Whether they will ever become future Olympic champi
4、ons, only time will tell. Meanwhile, they should encourage those among us who cannot swim five yards before they are gasping for air. 【课文翻译】 实验证明，儿童在很小的时候就可以开始学习游泳。在洛杉矶的一个特设的游泳池里，孩子们甚至在还没有学会走路时就已经能熟练地在水下屏住呼吸了。两个月的婴儿并未显得不愿意入水。他们很快便适应了游泳，以致能捡起池底的物品。这些幼小的游泳运动员非常喜爱的一种游戏是水下三轮车比赛。三轮车并排放在7英尺深的游泳池底上。孩子们比赛看谁
5、先到达游泳池的另一端。很多孩子用脚蹬车，但多数孩子更愿意推或是拉着三轮车。有些孩子能够跑完游泳池的全长而不用露出水面换气。他们将来是否能成为奥林匹克的冠军，这只能由时间来作出回答。与此同时，他们对我们中的那些游不了5码就已喘不过气来的人应该是种鼓舞。 New words and expressions 生词和短语 instruct v. 指导，传授 Los Angeles 洛杉矶 reluctant adj. 勉强的，不愿意的 weight n. 重物 【生词讲解】 adj. 水下的 tricycle n. 三轮车 underwater compete v. 比赛，对抗 yard n. 码 g
6、asp v. 喘气 【单词讲解】 1. instruct 1） v. 指导，传授 eg：Mr. White instructs us in math. 怀特先生教我们的数学 2） v. 指令、训令 instruct sb to do 命令，指导某人做某事 eg：The teacher instructed the pupils to come into the gym. 老师命令学生到健身房去。 instruct that （正式）通知 eg：The company instructed him that he would be employed. 该公司通知他，他会被雇用。 instruct
7、ion n. 讲授、教育、指导、命令、指示 receive instruction in skiing 接受滑冰指导 follow instructions give sb instructions 遵从指示 instructive adj. 教育性的, 有启发的, 有益的 an instructive book 有教育意义的书 instructor n. 教师、指导者 2.Los Angeles 洛杉矶 美国加利福尼亚洲 California 西南部的大城市（简称L.A） 在西班牙语中表示”天使们”之意 3. reluctant adj. 勉强的，不愿意的（unwilling） a relu
8、ctant answer 勉强的答复 a reluctant helper 不愿意帮忙 be reluctant to do 不愿做某事 eg：I am reluctant to work these days. 这段日子我不愿工作。 reluctantly adv. 不情愿地、厌恶的（unwillingly ） 4. weight n. 重物、分量、重量 eg：Whats the weight of this gold coin ？这金币有多重？ It is 50 grams in weight .它重50克。 eg：Youve put on weight , havent you ？ 你变
9、胖了？ eg：Youve lost weight , havent you ？ 你瘦了,对吗? gross weight 毛重 ； net weight 净重 throw ones weight about throw ones weight around 大摆架子、作威作福 weigh v. 秤重量 ，有.重 eg：The man weighed the fish by hand. 他用手秤一秤鱼有多重。 eg：How much dose it weigh ？ 它有多重？ 5. underwater adj. 水下面的 an underwater camera 水下照像机 under- 前缀
10、 1） 之下的 underarm 腋下的 ； underground 地下的 underline 在下滑线 2） 不足够的 underage 未成年的 ； undernourished 营养不足的 6. tricycle n. 三轮车 （trike） bicycle 自行车 tri- 表 “三” triangle 三角形 ； trilateral adj.三者之间的、有三边的 tricolor 三色旗 bi- 表 “两个” “两次” biannual bai?nju?l a.一年两次的 bicentenary ?baisen?teni?l n.两百周年纪念 di 表 “二、双、二重、二倍”（后
11、语名词结合） dicotyledonous adj. 双子叶的 7. compete v. 比赛，对抗 eg：The two teams compete for the championship. 这两支球队争夺冠军 eg：He is going to compete against his old rival in the second round. He is going to compete with his old rival in the second round . 在第二轮比赛中敌对是他的老对手。 eg：Will you compete in the race ？ 你会参加比赛吗
12、？ competition n. ?k?mp?ti?n 竞争，比赛 be in competition with 与.的竞争 eg：They were in competition with each other for the prize. 他们为了奖品在互相竞争。 competitive k?m?petitiv a.竞争的，比赛的；好竞争的；有竞争力的 a competition spirit 竞争心 competitor k?m?petit? n.竞争者；比赛者 形近词 ： competence ?k?mpit?ns n.能力，胜任，称职 ones competence for the
13、task 完成任务的能力 competent adj.有能力的, 足够的, 胜任的 eg：She is competent for the task . 她有能完成这个任务。 8. yard n. 码（约91.4cm 缩写为 y/ yd ） eg：Turn left about two hundred yards further down the street. 左转沿着街道大约再走两百码。 长度单位 ： inch 英寸； foot英尺 ； yard码 ； meter 米 yard goods （美）论码卖的布料 9.gasp 1） v. 喘气、上气不接下气 eg：He gasped for
14、breath. 他喘不过气来 gasp for air 气喘 2）v. 喘着气说 （与out , forth 连用） eg：She gasped out the news. She gasped forth the news. 她气喘吁地说了这个消息。 eg：”My house is on fire, “ gasped the man . 我的房子着火了，”那人气喘吁地说。 3） v.（因惊吓、恐惧引起的） 屏息、喘息 gasp with surprise gasp in surprise 吃惊地屏住呼吸 gasp at the sight 那景况令人倒抽一口冷气 4） n. 屏息、喘息、接不
15、上气 in short gasps 气喘吁吁 ； at ones last gasp 奄奄一息地 to the last gasp 直到临终 【课文讲解】 1. Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age. prove 表示“证明”、“证实”，后面可以跟从句、形容词、名词、不定式等： eg: Weve been trying to sell our house, but its proved to be very difficult. 我们一直试图把房子卖掉，不过
16、事实证明这很困难。 eg: The rumor proved true. 这谣传证明是真的。 eg: He proved a competent manager. 他证明是一个能干的经理。 eg: You should first prove that you bought these goods here. 你应该首先证明这些物品你是从这里买的。 prove sth to sb.向某人证明某事物属实 be instructed in 被训练 at a very early age 在很小的时候 2. At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, chi
17、ldren become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. become expert at become expert in 很熟练在 be expert in be expert at be expert in cooking be expert at cooking 擅长烹饪 expert ?eksp?:t n.专家，能手 a.专家的，内行的，熟练的 expert 表示“做/干.的专家/高手”时后面通常用 at doing sth; 表示在某一领域是“专家”、“权威”时可用介词in
18、或on: eg: John is an expert at driving a car. 约翰是开车高手。 eg: She is an expert in flowers. 她是花卉方面的专家。 eg: Sam is an expert on that problem. 萨姆是研究那个问题的权威。 an expert in cooking an expert at cooking 烹饪高手 an expert in economics 经济学专家 hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 eg: How long can you hold your breathe for? 你能屏住呼吸多久
19、？ at a breath in a breath 一口气地 under ones breath below ones breath 压着嗓子，低声地 lose ones breath 喘不过气来，气喘吁吁 save ones breath 不要浪费口舌 3. Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water. 双重否定，加强语气 appear 1) vi.似乎，好象，显得 eg: She appears to have many friends. 她好象有很多好朋友似的。 eg: She app
20、eared/seemed very confident. 她显得很有自信。 It appears that.It seems that. eg: Its going to rain. So it appears/seems 要下雨了。看样子像 2) 出现，显露 eg: Gradually a smile appeared on her face. 她脸上渐渐地露出笑容。 4. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the p
21、ool. It is not long before that 很快 not long before 通常译为“不久”、“很快”。 long ago/before很久以前 be accustomed to 适应、习惯（to为介词） eg：I am accustomed to cold weather. 我习惯寒冷的天气了。 eg：I am accustomed to walking long distance. 我习惯于长距离散步了。 accustom oneself to 使自己习惯 eg：She found it necessary to accustom herself to getti
22、ng up early. 她发现让自己习惯早起是有必要的。 eg：Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surroundings. 孩子们很快就适应新环境。 pick up 1） 捡起 pick up a coin on the road 2） 接 pick sb up at the station 在车站接某人 3) 不费力的学会 pick up the skills 5. A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle
23、 race. be popular with be popular among 在中间流行、受的欢迎 eg：The nurse is very popular with little children . 这个护士/ 保育员很受孩子们的欢迎。 eg：Chinese food is becoming popular among Americans . 中餐逐渐受美国人欢迎。 popular music n. 流行音乐, 通俗音乐 popular newspaper 受欢迎的报纸, 流行的报纸 popularity ?p?pju?l?riti n.普及；流行；名望 失人心 lose popular
24、ity 得人心win popularity 6. Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under water. be lined up 使排成一列 line up (使)排成行，(使)排队 eg：The children lined up on the ground according to height. 孩子们在操场按身高排成一排。 eg: Why are people lining up over there? 那边的人为什么都排在一起？ eg: Line these chairs up, please.
25、请把这些椅子排好。 7. The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool. compete against 与竞争，与抗衡 8. Many pedal their tricycles, but most of them prefer to push or drag them. pedal pedl蹬 push 推 drag 拖，拉，拽 prefer to 更愿意做。更喜欢做 9. Some children can cover the whole length of the pool with
26、out coming up for breath even once. cover 走完、读完、看完、飞过（不用被动结构） eg：How far can we cover a day？ 我们一天可以走多远？ eg：She covered 1,000 meters in less than 10 minutes . 在不到10分钟她游了 1000米。 come up 上升（从乡下）上 （城市） eg：The sun has come up. 太阳升起 come up to Beijing 到北京 come up to 走上来、比得上，达到(标准等) eg：He came up smiling t
27、o me. 他微笑着向我走过来 偶遇come upon I came upon an old friend in the street yesterday. ：eg 昨天在街上，我偶然遇到了一个老朋友。 10. Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell. tell 的宾语，放在句首是为了强调。引导的从句是 以whether 倒装句，宾语从句置于句首，表强调。通常，以疑问词引导的宾语从句会用于这种句型：eg: What made him do it, no one knows. eg:
28、How they found out the truth, only George can tell. 11.Meanwhile, they should encourage those among us who cannot swim five yards before they are gasping for air. those among us我们中的那些人who引导定语从句修饰 【关键词组摘录】be accustomed to (doing) sth 6. 1. be instructed in be popular with 7. be expert at (doing) sth
29、2. line up 8. s breath 3. hold one compete against 9. be reluctant to 4. 10. come up for not long before 5. 11. gasp for air 【Key structures】v. + prep ./ adj. + prep . Exercise 用恰当的介词填空 blood sports . Many people do not approve of death. toHe was found guilty of murder and condemned ？in many ways fr
30、omHas it ever occurred to you that those twins are quit different each other his advice . the matter and I shall act ononI consulted my lawyer quarrelling with each other . It is impossible to prevent them from his illness. of treatment and will soon be cured He is responding to her . onEven though
31、he is thirty-five , he lives with his mother and is completely dependent me . I tried to reason with him , but he was rude to him. being so patient forwith you l Im gratefuto him . on his job but you cannot relyatHe might be good Exercis 1.They can be instructed in swimming b they are very young . a
32、. in spite b. in spite of the fact that c. in spite of d. despite 2. They are accustomed to swimming . They a swimming . a. are used to 习惯于 b. are used c. used to d. used 3. They are not reluctant to enter the water . They are c . a. unwilling to 不情愿的 b. not ready to 没准备好的 c. willing to 情愿的 d. slow to 迟缓的 4.He always did well at school a having to do part-time jobs every now and then . a. in spite of 尽管 b. regardless of 不考虑 c. on account of 因为 d. in case of 如果、万一
