1、1、汉译英1) 直流电路direct current circuits2) 放大器（扩音器）amplifier3) 模拟电子技术analog electronics4) 半导体二极管semiconductor diode5) 晶体管效应transistor effect6) 微处理器microprocessor7) 电气工程electrical engineering8) 能源工程（或电力工程）power engineering9) 通信工程telecommunications engineering10) 内部器件internal devices11) 电子元件electrical comp
2、onents12) 欧姆定律Ohm law13) 限制电流limit current14) 分压器voltage divider15) 晶体管偏置电路transistor biasing circuits16) 阻碍电流block DC current17) 存储点能store electrical energy18) 感抗inductive reactance19) 绝缘材料insulating material20) 交流阻抗AC resistancea) 通用仪表general-purpose meterb) 模拟仪表analog meterc) 交换测试笔reverse the tes
3、t leadsd) 机械调节mechanical adjuste) 测量电阻measure resistancef) 正向电压positive voltageg) 测量电流measure currenth) 电压幅度voltage amplitudei) 双踪示波器dual-trace oscilloscopej) 信号发生器signal generator21) PN结PN junction22) 三极管bipolar transistor23) 电子和空穴electron and hole24) 稳压电源electronic power supply或steady DC voltage s
4、ource25) 桥式整流器bridge rectifier26) 脉冲直流电pulsating DC27) 二极管的正极anode of diode28) 峰值电压peak voltage29) 电容滤波器capacitor filter30) 充电和放电charge and discharge31) 稳压管Zener diode32) 电器电子工程师学会IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)33) 专业技术组织technical professional association34) 基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff
5、s Voltage Law35) 电压源voltage sources36) 电荷守恒定律the law of conservation of electric charge37) 在每一瞬时at every instant of time38) 元件两端的电压voltages across elements 39) 无线电传输radio transmission40) 频率调制或调频frequency modulation41) 频域the frequency domain42) 线性电阻linear resistor43) 调幅波形amplitude modulation wave44)
6、专用集成电路（ASIC）45) 快速时间响应 fast response time 46) 有效信号 valid signal 47) 十进制数字系统decimal system48) 逻辑运算 logic operation1) 控制信号线the control bus2) 中断线interrupt lines1) 结构化语言structured language2) 局部变量 local variables3) 副作用 side effect4) 汇编语言指令 assembly language instructions1) 静止图像 still image2) 阴极射线管，显像管CRT
7、or the cathode ray tube3) 像素 pixel4) 电子束 electron beam2、英译汉1) assembler language汇编语言2) alternating current circuits交流电路3) passive electrical circuits无源电路4) three phase circuits三相电路5) digital electronics数字电子技术6) logic gates逻辑门7) 3D virtual reality image三维虚拟图像8) computer programming计算机编程9) major in（在大
8、学里）主修10) advanced programming techniques高级编程技术1) knownascapacitivereactance称为容抗2) withunitsohms单位为欧姆3) preventdevicefromburningout防止器件烧掉4) hasanACresistancetoACcurrent对交流电流由阻抗5) adjustmentwithascrew用一个螺丝调节6) intheshapeofacylinder呈圆柱形式7) blockDCcurrent，butpassACcurrent阻直流通交流8) tovarytheinductance改变电感
9、9) begivenbytheformula由公式给出10) theRFamplifier音频放大器1) analogmultimeter模拟万用表2) extendedrange扩展范围3) specificmeters特殊仪表4) includes the function and range switches具有功能及范围选择旋钮5) presentanelectronicpicture呈现一幅电子图像6) displaythevoltagewaveform显示电压波形7) appearonthescreen在屏幕上出现8) phaserelationships相位关系9) an exa
10、mple例如，作为一个例子10) in serieswiththecircuit串连接入电路1) Semiconductor material半导体材料2) forward biased正向偏置3) depend on the external circuit resistance取决于外部电路的电阻4) excessive reverse-biased voltage过高的反偏电压5) is directly proportional to the amount of base current是正比于基极电流6) may even appear almost as a short几乎可看成是
11、短路7) cause stability problems for a transistor circuit引起晶体管电路的稳定性问题8) digital technology数字技术9) the most popular technology最常用的技术10) use two complementary typeset of transistors N-channel and P-channel用两种互补型的晶体管N沟道和P沟道1) equipment operation设备的运行2) device that converts AC into DC把交流电转换成直流电的器件3) the po
12、wer lines电源线4) depending on the value of DC voltage needed 根据所需要的直流电压值5) a half-wave rectifier平波整流器6) so as to produce a constant DC output从而产生一个稳定的直流输出7) in the negative side of the capacitor在电容的负极8) flow through the load流过负载9) in the forward-biased condition在加正向偏置电压的条件下10) a series（current-limitin
13、g）resistor一个串联（限制电流）电阻1) current source电流源2) under this circumstance在这种情况下3) present the second of Kirchhoffs laws给出基尔霍夫第二定律4) introduce the concept of a “loop”引入“回路” 的概念5) An alternative statement of KVL KVL的另一种表述法6) voltages algebraically sum电压代数和7) sinusoidal steady-syate response正弦稳态响应8) ordinar
14、y household voltage日常用电的电压9) time-invariant circuit时不变电路10) percentage of modulation调制百分比reduce the power consumption减小消耗功率flip-flop 触发器the octal and hexadecimal systems当时钟脉冲信号来到时改变状态 直流电路 direct current circuits 放大器（扩音器）amplifier 欧姆定律Ohm law 正极positive electrode 充电与放电Charge and discharge 无线电传输Radio
15、 transmission 模拟仪表Analogue Meters 模拟电子技术analog electronics 半导体二极管semiconductor 晶体管效应 transistor effect 微处理器microprocessor 通信工程 telecommunications engineering 汇编语言 assembler language 电子元件 electrical components 限制电流 limit current 分压器voltage divider 偏置电路 biasing circuits 阻碍电流 block DC current 感抗 induct
16、ive reactance 容抗 capacitive 21 正向电压 positive voltage 22 扩展范围 extended range 23 电压波形 voltage waveform 24 连接入电路 in series with the circuit25 PN结 PN junction 26 三极管 bipolar transistor 27 电子与空穴 electron and hole28 半导体材料 semiconductor material29 正向偏置 forward biased 30 数字技术 digital technology 31 桥式整流器 bri
17、dge rectifier 32 稳压管Zener diode 33 电源线 the power lines 34 在电容的负极 in the negative side of the capacitor 在加正向偏置的条件下 in the forward-biased condition 一个串联电阻 a series (current-limiting)resistor35 电压源 voltage sources 36 在每一瞬时 at every instant of time 37 无线电传输 radio transmission 38 频率调制或调频 frequency modula
18、tion 39 快速时间响应 fast response time 40 有效信号 valid signal 41 结构化语言 structured language 42 局部变量 local variables 43 副作用 side effect 44 静止图像 still image 45 阴极射线管 pixel 46 电子束 electron beam1. resistors are used to limit current flowing to a device ,thereby preventing it from burning out, as voltage divider
19、s to reduce voltage for other circuits, as transistor biasing circuits, and to serve as circuit loads.电阻常用做限流器，限制流过器件的电流防止烧坏器件，电阻也可用作分压器，以减小其他电路电压，还可以用在晶体管偏执电路中和作为电路负载。2. The resistor is generally a linear device and its characteristics form a straight line when plotted on a graph.电阻器一般是线性器件，他的特性曲线形
20、成一条直线。3. If you are bit serious about the electronics hobby I recommend learning the “color code”.如果你对电子技术感兴趣，建议学会”彩色条形码”电阻识别法。4. A capacitor will block DC current, but appears to pass AC current by charging and discharging.电容可以隔直流，但能通过充放电的方式通交流。5. Capacitors are available in various shapes and size
21、s.有各种各样形状和尺寸的电容。6. A powered iron core in the shape of a cylinder may be adjusted in and out of the core to vary the inductance.有一个强磁的圆柱铁芯，可以通过调节进入线圈或从线圈中出来来改变电感。7. Capacitors are available in various shapes and sizes.电容可用于滤波、旁路信号、定时电路和音频调谐电路。8. An inductor is an electrical device, which can tempora
22、rily store electromagnetic energy in the field about is as long as current is flowing though is.当有电流流过电感器时，电感器周围就有电磁场，电感器时能以电磁场的形式暂时存储电磁能量的电子器件。9. The inductive reactance is affected by inductance and the AC frequency.这个感抗与电感量和交流电的频率有关。10. The input voltage is to the primary winding and the induced
23、voltage is taken off the secondary winding.输入电压加在原绕阻上，则在副绕阻两端输出感应电压。11. At any node of a circuit, at every instant of time ,the sum of the currents into the node is equal to the sum of the sum of the currents out of node .对一个电路的的任何一个节点，在每一瞬时流入节点的电流和总是等于节点的电流和。12. Suppose that u(t)=1V ,Then the elect
24、ric directly proportional is 1V above the potential at the bottom.假设u(t)=1v,则材料顶部的电势比材料底部的电势高出1V。13. If the resulting current i(t) is always directly proportional to the voltage for any function u(t) ,the material is called a liner resistor.对任意给定的电压函数u(t),如果流过材料的电流i(t)总是正比于给定电压函数u(t),则该材料被称为线性电阻。14.
25、 If the input of a linear, time-invariant circuit is a sinusoid, then the response is sinusoid of the same frequency.如果一个线性时不变电路的输入时正弦，则其响应时同样频率的正弦波。15. There are several distinct approaches that we can take. In one we write a set of simultaneous equations in which the variables are voltage ,this is
26、 known as nodal analysis.我们可采用几种不同的分析方法，其中一种是：对某一瞬间，列出一组方程，方程组中的变量是电压，这种方法称为节点电压法。16. Less power is required to transmit high frequencies than low frequencies ; therefore, it is more efficient to transmit high frequencies containing over great distances. 传送高频信号要比传送低频信号消耗的功率小，所以远距离传送包含信息的高频信号效率比较高。17
27、. An AM signal as seen on an oscilloscope will show modulation peaks and modulation valleys.在示波器中可看到的一个调幅信号有调制峰值和调制谷值。18. Furthermore suppose that circuit A contains no dependent source that is dependent on variable in circuit B , and vice versa.在假设电路A部分中没有受电路B部分中的变量控制的受控电源，反过来也一样。19. To obtain the
28、voltage uoc-called the open-circuit voltage between nodes a and b. This voltage is Uoc.求开路端电压Uoc的方法是从电路A旁边一走电路B，求出节点a和b之间的电压就是Uoc 。20. Suppose we are given an arbitrary circuit containing any or of the following elements resistors , voltage sources , current sources.假设给定的任意电路中含有若干个下列原件：电阻、电压源、电流源。21
29、. The binary system is the primary language of the computer.二进制系统是计算机的基本语言。22. Individual logic gates can stand-alone , if only a single logic function is needed , or they can be combined with other gates for more complex operations.单个逻辑门在只需要单种逻辑功能时可以单独使用，它们也可以以其他门组合，以实现更复杂的逻辑运算。23. The 74HCT family
30、 is a special version of 74HC with 74LS TTL-compatible inputs so 74HCt can be safely mixed with 74LS in the same system.74HCT系列是为使74HC系列与74LS系列输入相匹配而设计的一种特殊系列，所以74HCT可以与74LS系列在同一电路中混合使用。24. A register is a group of flip-flop capable of storing one bit of information.一个寄存器是一组触发器，每个触发器能存储一个二进制信息。25. T
31、he flip-flop hold the binary information and the gates control when and how new information is transferred into the register.触发器保存二进制信息，门电路控制何时和如何把新信息送入寄存器。26. Logic , generally speaking , is the science of formal principles of reasoning.一般来说，逻辑学是按推理的一般原则处理的科学。27. When the computer finishes its oper
32、ations on the information , the output is printed or displayed in number system other than decimal , and this too must be converted , this tine back to the decimal system.当计算机对所给的信息处理的信息完成后，输出的信心是以非十进制形式打印或显示出来的。因此这些输出信息也必须再转换，这次是转换回十进制系统。28. The clear input must be maintained at logic 1 during norm
33、al clocked operation.清除输出端在正常始终控制时必须保持逻辑1.29. A ripple counter contains a chain of flip-flips with the output of each one feeding the input of the next.一个异步计数器中包含了若干个触发器，每个触发器的输出端与下一个触发器的输入端连接。30. A synchronous counter has complex internal structure to ensure that all its outputs change precisely to
34、gether on each clock pulse .一个同步的计数器内部电路结构比较复杂，以保证所有的计数器输出都在同一个脉冲输出时改变。31. To the CPU, most I/o devices look like memory because the CPU can store data to an output device and read data from an input device.对CPU而言，大量的输入/输出口就像存储器一样，因为CPU可以把数据存储在输出设备中，也可以输入设备中读入数据。32. A bus is a collection of wires on
35、 which electrical signals pass between components in the system.总线是指一组在系统各个部件之间传递各种电信号的导线。33. The signals travel at such a rate that even distances of just a few centimeters cause timing problems.信号的传输速度非常快，以至于信号线即使只有几厘米距离都有可能导致时间问题。34. When the software wants to access some particular memory locati
36、on or I/O device , it places the corresponding address on the address bus.当软件想要访问一些特定的存储位置或输出/输入设备室，它把相依的位置值放在地址总线上。35. The main memory is a relatively large and fast memory used to store programs and data during the computer operation.主存是一个相当大而且速度极快的存储器，用来存储CPU操作使得程序和数据。36. The stored information r
37、emains valid as long as power is applied to the unit. 只要芯片与电源相连接，存储的信息始终有效。37. In VNA machines , like the 80x86 family , the CPU is where all the action takes place .在冯.罗依曼结构中，如80x86系列计算机，所有的操作都在中央处理器中进行。38. The static RAM is easier to ues and has shorter read and write cycles.静态RAM用起来方便且有较短的读和写周期。3
38、9. One of the most common uses of Flash memory is for the basic inpit/output system of your computer , commonly known as the BIOS.闪存最主要的用途之一是存储计算机的基本输入/输出系统。40. The BIOS software has a number of different roles , but most important role is to load the operating system. BIOS软件有很多不同的作用，但它的最重要的作用是载入操作系
39、统。41. To understand TV , Lets start at the beginning with a quick note about your brain.要了解电视，先要看下人的大脑。42. LCDs and plasma displays are sometimes seen , but they are still rare when compared to CRTs.有时候还可以看到液晶显示屏LCD和等离子显示屏，但与CRT相比他们还很少。43. There are coils , which are able to create magnetic fields i
40、nside the tube.又可以在真空中产生电磁场的线圈。44. When the electron beam strikes the phosphor , it makes the screen glow.当电子撞击在磷上，会使屏幕发光。45. As the beam paints each line form left to right , the intensity of the beam is change to create different shades of black , gray and white across the screen.当电子束每次从左边扫到右边，为在屏
41、幕上显示不同的黑、灰、白点，电子束的强度是变化的。46. A color TV screen differs from a black-and-white screen in three ways.一个彩色电视机的屏幕与黑白电视机有三点不同。47. When a color TV needs to create a red dot , it fires the red beam at the red phosphor ,similarly for green and bule dots.当彩色电视机要产生一个红点时，它射出红色电子束撞击红光磷，绿点和蓝点也一样。48. You are prob
42、ably familiar whit five different ways to get a signal into your TV set. 你可能对电视机可接受到五中信号很熟悉。49. The composite video signal is amplitude-modulated into the appropriate frequency , and then the sound is frequency-modulated as a separate signal。复合的电视信号是调幅的视频信号和独立的调频声音信号。50. Unfortunately , that approac
43、h would make theft of cable services very , so the signals are encoded is funny ways.但不幸的是这样的很容易就可以偷取有线电视台的服务，所以电视信号以一种有趣的方式编码。 AC : Alternating Current (electricity; physics) 交流电CPU中央处理器（Central Processing Unit）RAM（random access memory）随机存储器PC：personal computer个人计算机SSI：Synchronous Serial Interface，
44、同步串行接口CRT: Cathode Ray Tabe 显示器，监视器，阴极射线管LCD 液晶显示器是 Liquid Crystal Display 的简称 TV，英文单词television的缩写IO port : input output port 输入/输出端口BIOS Basic Input Output System基本输入输出系统A/D Analog to Digital 模-数转换ADC Analog to Digital Converter 模-数转换器CCD: Charge coupled devices 电荷耦合器件DC: Direct Current power直流电DS
45、P:Digital signal Processing 数字信号处理FM:Faiilt Management 调频MMS(Multimedia Message Service)即多媒体信息服务VCR是Video Cassette Recorder 盒式磁带录像机数字集成电路 Digital integrated circuit打印或显示To print or display十进制数字系统Decimal number system组成一个计算机系统 A computer system喷墨打印机 Ink jet printer电子束 Electron beam数码相机Digital camera实
46、时通信Real time communication空调 Air-conditioning3D virtual reality image 三维虚拟现实图像know as capacitive reactance知道容抗in series with the circuit串联电路depend on the external circuit resistance在外电路电阻device that converts AC into DC交流电转换成直流电装置ordinary household voltage家用电压reduce the power consumption降低功耗at arbitrary time在任意时间impact system performance影响系统的性能satellite broadcast卫星广播scan your incoming and outgoing E-mail扫描传入和传出的电子邮件function and control keys功能控制键digital video数字视频（信号）under this circumstance在这种情况下display the voltage waveform显示电压波形
