1、【英语】高三英语语法填空试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、语法填空1阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A hotel chain is employing human bed warmers to help guests get a good nights sleep. _ (dress) in special all-in-one sleeping suits, the walking electric blankets are sent to warm the beds of guests staying at the Holiday Inn _ they ge
2、t under the covers. Dr Chris Idzikowski, _ (direct) of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre, said the idea could help people get off to sleep. He _ (explain) that Theres plenty of scientific evidence to show that sleep starts at the beginning of the night _ body temperature starts to drop. The drop occurs par
3、tly because the blood vessels (血管) _ the hands, face and feet open up and release heat. A warm bed approximately 20 to 24 degrees Celsuis is _ good way to start this process while a cold bed isnt. It helps people sleep well especially as its taking much _ (long) for them to warm up when they come in
4、 from the snow. Dr Chris Idzikowski and _ (he) colleague Jane Bednall said the idea was like having a giant hot water bottle in your bed. The five-minute free bed warming sessions will be tried out in London and Manchester _ the end of next month.【答案】 Dressed;before;director;explained;when;of;a;long
5、er;his;at 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一款新发明的暖床器以及使用暖床器的好处。 (1)考查非谓语动词。句意:行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。动词dress与这句话的主语the walking electric blankets之间是被动关系,故填Dressed。 (2)考查状语从句。句意:行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。根据句意,客人睡觉之前需要暖床,故填before。 (3)考查名词。句意:爱丁堡睡眠中心的主任Chris Idzikowski博士说,这个办法能帮助人们更好地入睡。
6、空格前是一个人名,两个逗号之间的部分是这个人名的同位语,所以应填一个表示人的名词。故填director。 (4)考查时态。句意:他解释,有充分科学依据显示,入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。由上一句中said使用的是一般过去时可知,这句话也应使用一般过去时。故填explained。 (5)考查定语从句。句意:他解释,有充分科学依据显示,入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。根据句意,这是一个定语从句,先行词为the beginning of the night,并且先行词在从句中做时间状语,故填关系词when。 (6)考查介词。句意:人体温度之所以会下降,部分原因在于,(这
7、时)人的手部、脸部以及脚部的血管开始扩张,散发了热量。空前前后都是名词,所以空格处应填介词,the blood vessels与the hands之间属于所属关系,故填of。 (7)考查冠词。句意:温暖的床(温度大约在20到24摄氏度之间)有助于人们入睡而冰冷的床则会妨碍人们入睡。空格位于谓语动词后,空格后为一个可数单数名词短语,所以空格处应填不定冠词。“good”是以辅音音素开始的,故填a。 (8)考查形容词。句意:它能帮助人们睡得更好,特别是当他们从大雪天进来,要花更长的时间才能让被窝暖和起来的时候。根据句意,这句话强调天冷的时候,要花更长的时间才能让被窝暖和起来,故填形容词比较级比较合适
8、。故填longer。 (9)考查代词。句意:Chris Idzikowski博士和他的同事Jane Bednall说,这个主意就像是“往你的被窝儿里放个大热水瓶。”空格后是一个但数名词,且colleague与Chris Idzikowski之间是所属关系,所以应填形容词性的物主代词。Chris Idzikowski是男士,故填his。 (10)考查介词。句意:这个五分钟就能暖床的环节这个月底将在伦敦与曼彻斯特实行。at the end of固定短语,“在末端; 在的结尾”,故填at。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,状语从句,名词,时态,定语从句,介词,冠词,形容词,代词等多个知识点的考查,是
9、一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。2阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A few months _(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she _(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed
10、 old age for her incapacity, _(explain)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. This woman felt every bit her age. she recalled. I dont let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I _ (make)over the years. Im only as old as I feel. Each of us has
11、 _actual age, the number we celebrate on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel _(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some _(connect)among them. People _a health
12、y lifestyle and a fortunate genetic inheritance(继承)tend _(score) younger on these assessments. When scientists ask, How old do you feel, most of the time? the answer can reflect the state of peoples physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, _is called subjective age. 【答案】 earlier;n
13、oticed;explaining;have made;an;youthful/young;connection/connections;with;to score;which 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,有的人看起来比实际年龄小,是因为健康的生活方式,好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻,研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。 (1)考查形容词。根据后文的had finished过去完成时,可判断事情发生在过去之前,a few months earlier“几个月之前”,可以和过去完成时连用,故填earlier。 (2)考查时态。根系句子可知此处是从句谓语动词,此处考查固定句型had do
14、newhen(从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事突然就,故填noticed。 (3)考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语the woman和explain(解释)之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,故填explaining。 (4)考查时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词,根据下文的over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为现在完成时,主语为I,故填have made。 (5)考查冠词。age的可数名词,此处是泛指,应用不定冠词,又actual是元音音素开头,故填an。 (6)考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel的表语,youth的形容词是young和youthf
15、ul,故填young/youthful。 (7)考查名词。此处应填名词作为finding的宾语,connect的名词形式connection为可数名词,some可以理解为“一些/某个”,故此处可以用名词单数形式,也可用复数形式,故填connection/connections。 (8)考查介词。句意:拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词,再结合句意表示“有”的介词是with,故填with。 (9)考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth固定短语,“倾向于做某事”,故填to score。 (10)考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处是非限定性定语
16、从句的关系词,先行词one在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词which引导,故填which。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,时态,非谓语动词,冠词,介词,名词,定语从句以及多个知识点的考查,是一篇健康类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。3阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 New Years Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward t
17、o _(welcome) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Years Eve is a _(nation) holiday for many people around the world. In a lot of countries , people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses_(pack) with people. In Engl
18、and, there is always a New Years Eve party, _ is usually held at someones home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors. The living room becomes a mini disco as everyone dances_ loud music. I have lots of good _(memory) of New Years Eve . I once spent one freezing New Years Eve in Trafal
19、gar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was _(bitter) cold . I also spent many wonderful New Years Eves in Japan. There, it is a tradition_(visit) a shrine(圣坛)and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Years Eve is always _exciting day. Maybe the last way to welcome the New Ye
20、ar _(be)watching amazing fireworks displays in the worlds cities.【答案】 welcoming;national;are packed;which;to;memories;bitterly;to visit;an;is 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,对世界各地的许多人来说,除夕是国家的假日。作者回忆了除夕的许多美好记忆。 (1)考查非谓语动词。句意:这总是一个令人兴奋的时刻,因为人们期待着迎接新的一年。look forward to固定短语,“期待”,to是介词,后面接动名词,所以填welcoming。 (2)考查形容词。
21、句意:对世界各地的许多人来说,除夕是国家的假日。该空修饰名词holiday,用形容词,所以填national。 (3)考查时态语态。句意:在很多国家,人们会回老家过年,所以通常火车和公共汽车上都挤满了人。描述经常或反复发生的动作,用一般现在时。火车和公共汽车与挤满之间是被动关系,用被动语态,所以填are packed。 (4)考查定语从句。句意:在英国,人们通常在某人家里举行新年晚会,邀请朋友、家人和邻居。_ is usually held at someones home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors.是一个非限制性
22、定语从句,先行词是a New Years Eve party,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故填which。 (5)考查介词。句意:客厅变成了一个迷你迪斯科舞厅,每个人都随着响亮的音乐跳舞。dance to固定短语,“随着起舞”,故填to。 (6)考查名词。句意:我对除夕有很多美好的回忆。美好的回忆是复数意义,用名词复数,故填memories。 (7)考查副词。句意:天下着雪,冷得刺骨。修饰形容词cold,用副词,故填bitterly。 (8)考查非谓语动词。句意:在那里,参拜神社并祈求好运是一种传统。不定式作主语,一般用it作形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置,故填to visit。 (9)考
23、查冠词。句意:我想无论你在哪里,除夕总是一个令人兴奋的日子。泛指一个令人兴奋的日子,exciting的首字母发音是元音,所以填不定冠词an。 (10)考查时态。句意:也许迎接新年的最后一种方式是在世界各地的城市观看令人惊叹的烟花表演。描述经常或反复发生的动作,用一般现在时,所以填is。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,形容词,时态语态,定语从句,介词,副词以及故此等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。4阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 K
24、eeping a diary in English is one of the _ (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability. _ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes _ time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. _ we insist in this practice, gradually well learn how to express _in E
25、nglish. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly come across many _(difficult). In the first place, _ often happens that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. As far as I _(concern), my
26、 suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is _ great use to keep a diary in English for _ development of our writing skills. 【答案】 effective;Compa
27、red;less;If;ourselves;difficulties;it;am concerned;of;the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了用英语写日记的好处。 (1)考查形容词。句意:用英语记日记是提高我们写作能力的有效方法之一。此处在句中作定语,修饰中心词ways,因此用形容词。故填effective。 (2)考查非谓语动词。句意:与其他形式的写作相比,日记更短,花费的时间更少。此处在句中作状语,且compare与句子主语it之间是逻辑动宾关系,应使用过去分词,表被动;此处位于句首,因此首字母要大写。故填Compared。 (3)考查形容词。句意:与其他形式的写作相比,日记
28、更短,花费的时间更少。根据句意以及句中shorter and 可知and之后要用形容词的比较级构成并列结构,time是不可数名词,应用形容词little的比较级less修饰。故填less。 (4)考查连词。句意:如果我们坚持这种做法,渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。此句用if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”,而且在句首,首字母应大写。故填If。 (5)考查代词。句意:如果我们坚持这种做法,渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。反身代词指代主语,使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。根据句意可知,此处主语we发出的动作施加在自己身上,应使用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 (6)考查名
29、词。句意:在用英语记日记的过程中,我们肯定遇到许多困难。此处前有many修饰,因此用名词复数。故填difficulties。 (7)考查代词。句意:首先,我们常常很难找到合适的词语来表达我们的思想。此处代替句中的主语从句that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind,因此用形式主语it。It happens that. . . 固定句式,“碰巧”故填it。 (8)考查固定搭配。句意:就我而言,我的建议是我们应该随时准备一本笔记本和一本汉英词典。as far as I am
30、concerned固定短语,“就我而言”,根据语境可知,此处描述的是目前的状态,应使用一般现在时。故填am concerned。 (9)考查介词。句意:总之,我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。be of +抽象名词,表示人或物的特征;be of great use= be very useful“是很有用的”。故填of。 (10)考查冠词。句意:总之,我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。此处特指写作技巧的培养,应使用定冠词the。故填the。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,非谓语动词,连词,代词。名词,固定短语,介词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,要求
31、考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。 5阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to Chinese speaking practice, lion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male _ a female, are _(common) seen in front of the gates of traditional building. The lion _(regar
32、d) as the king in the animal world, so _(it) images represent power and prestige. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of officials. It is interesting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stone lions were sculpted _ the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty from A.
33、D. 25 to 220 with _ introduction of Buddhism(佛教) into ancient China. In the Buddhist faith, the lion, _ can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a divine animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folk tales, the lion has become a symbol of _ (brave), power and good luck. It was also
34、 popular to decorate bridges with stone sculpted lions for the defending reason. The _(well) known of bridges is the Lugouqiao, _(build )from 1189 to 1192.【答案】 and;commonly;is regarded;its;at;the;which;bravery;best;built 【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文主要讲述了石狮子的象征,历史和用途。 (1)句意:一对石狮子,一只雄狮子和一只雌狮子,一般在传统建筑的门前能够看见。一对狮子,雌
35、和雄应该是并列关系,故填and。 (2)句意:一对石狮子,一只雄狮子和一只雌狮子,一般在传统建筑的门前能够看见。修饰seen用副词,commonly,通常地。故填commonly。 (3)句意:狮子被认为是动物界的王者,所以它的形象代表权利和威望。be regarded as被认为是,此处为固定搭配,故填be regarded。 (4)句意:狮子被认为是动物界的王者,所以它的形象代表权利和威望。images为名词,it是人称代词,此处用形容词性物主代词its它的,修饰名词。故填its。 (5)句意:最早的石狮子从公元25-220年,随着佛教流传入古代中国,在东汉初期被雕刻出来。at the b
36、eginning of意为在的开端,为固定搭配。故填at。 (6)句意:最早的石狮子从公元25-220年,随着佛教流传入古代中国,在东汉初期被雕刻出来。此处特指佛教在古代中国的流传,应用定冠词,故填the。 (7)句意:在佛教的信仰中,石狮子能够保护真理驱走邪恶,被视为是高贵庄严的神圣动物。 can protect the truth and keep off evils 是非限性定语从句,先行词是the lion,关系词用which。故填which。 (8)句意:在中国神话故事中,狮子成了勇敢,力量和好运的象征。and连接并列成分,保持形式一致。power和luck都是名词,brave变成名
37、词bravery,勇气。故填bravery。 (9)句意:最有名的是桥是被建于1189年至1192年的卢沟桥。the+形容词最高级,表示最故填best。 (10)句意:最有名的是桥是被建于1189年至1192年的卢沟桥。主语是 the Lugouqiao ,被建造,用被动语态,此处做后置定语修饰名词,省略be动词,用过去分词built。故填built。 【点评】考查连词、副词、代词、固定搭配、冠词、非限定性定语从句、名词、副词最高级和非谓语动词。先通读全文,理解文章大意。再细读文章,分析句子成分及含义逐一作答,最后再读文章,修正错误。6阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单
38、词的正确形式。 Who are better at science in your class, girls or boys? These years, girls start to show more interest in the _(subject) of science, technology, engineering and Maths (STEM), according to a recent study from the UK. In the study, every year over the last seven years, over 20,000 students _we
39、re in their final year in high school were surveyed. As for university courses, _number of girls considering choosing STEM subjects has a _(big) increase than that of boys. Over one-fifth of the girls surveyed said they were considering jobs _(relate) to STEM, such as engineers. And the interest in
40、engineering and science has also risen. This is an important change for women in the UK. But at present, there are not nearly as many women _men studying STEM subjects or working in the STEM fields. Only 13%22% of people who graduate _university with STEM degrees are women. And women are seen only o
41、ne in eight STEM jobs. Are men really more suited to STEM work than women? Of course not. This is _(part) because of the conventional idea, which means many people think so, even though it is not correct. It is important that young women should _(encourage) to get into these jobs. In fact, STEM subj
42、ects are fun and exciting. Studying science can do _(we) good. It offers women chances of taking up fantastic careers and they will get higher pay in these areas, said Niki Yates, manager of GSKs business.【答案】 subjects;who/that;the;bigger;related;as;from;partly;be encouraged;us 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,根据英国
43、最近的一项研究,近年来,女孩开始对科学、技术、工程和数学等学科表现出更大的兴趣。鼓励年轻妇女从事这些工作是很重要的。 (1)考查名词。句意:你们班女生和男生谁更擅长理科?根据英国最近的一项研究,近年来,女孩开始对科学、技术、工程和数学等学科表现出更大的兴趣。根据下文“science, technology, engineering and Maths”可知是复数意义,用名词复数,所以填subjects。 (2)考查定语从句。_ were in their final year in high school是一个定语从句,20,000 students是先行词,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,所以填
44、who/that。 (3)考查冠词。句意:在大学课程方面,考虑选择STEM专业的女生人数比男生人数增加得更多。the number of固定短语,“的数目”,所以填the。 (4)考查形容词。句意:在大学课程方面,考虑选择STEM专业的女生人数比男生人数增加得更多。根据than that of boys可知这里用比较级,所以填bigger。 (5)考查非谓语动词。句意:超过五分之一的受访女孩表示,她们正在考虑从事与STEM相关的工作,比如工程师。“工作”和“与有关”是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,所以填related。 (6)考查连词。句意:但目前,学习STEM学科或在STEM领域工作的女性远没
45、有男性多。as manyas固定短语,“和.一样多”,故填as。 (7)考查介词。文中表示“从大学毕业”,graduate from固定短语,“从毕业”,所以填from。 (8)考查副词。句意:这在一定程度上是因为传统观念,这意味着很多人都这么认为,尽管它并不正确。修饰整个句子,用副词,所以填partly。 (9)考查语态。句意:鼓励年轻妇女从事这些工作是很重要的。young women和encourage之间是被动关系,用被动语态,情态动词should后,用动词原形,所以填be encouraged。 (10)考查代词。句意:学习科学对我们有好处。该空作do的宾语,用宾格,所以填us。 【点
46、评】本题考点涉及名词,定语从句,冠词,形容词,非谓语动词,连词,介词,副词,语态以及代词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。7阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Green is not always referring to the color. In some cases, it is the term used for being_(environment) friendly. If youve been looking to
47、replace your furniture, consider_(go) green because green furniture_(offer) many benefits. Here are a few tips to get you started on your hunt for the perfect eco-friendly furniture. . First, green furniture isnt harmful to your health. Also its manufacturing process doesnt cause damage_the environment in any way. Beside