1、最新中考英语定语从句专项训练及答案一、定语从句1A Wechat（微信）is an invention _can help people talk to friends，share photos，ideas and feelings freely .AwhichBwhoC/【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：微信是能帮助人们和朋友自由交谈，分享照片，想法，感情的一种发明。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分，被修饰的名词叫先行词，连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分：1关系代词：who , whom , whose , which , that。2关系副词：where,when why 等。一般的who 用
2、于指代人的先行词，which 用来指代物的先行词，that既可指认又可指物。根据先行词是物，引导词做主语不能省略，故选A。考点：考查定语从句的用法。2Do you have books about famous scientists _ are suitable for children to read?AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗？”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；D.whom指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知，先行
3、词为books指物，在从句中作主语，故选B。3Linda will never forget the words her father told her.AthatBwhoCwhereDwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：Linda将永远不会忘记她父亲告诉她的这些话。that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词可以为人或物；who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人；where是关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；what什么，常引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，修饰空前的the words，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故应选A。4Children lik
4、e stories _have happy endings, and so do many old people.AwhoBwhichCwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：孩子们喜欢有美满结局的故事，许多老人也是。who引导定语从句，修饰人；which引导定语从句，修饰事物；what引导名词性从句。此处修饰先行词stories的定语从句，修饰事物，故用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选B。5Ant Forest is a popular mobile app_ allows people to plant real trees in the desert by collecting “g
5、reen energy points.AwhatBwhoCwhomDwhich【答案】D【解析】【详解】蚂蚁森林是一款允许人们通过收集绿色能量在沙漠里种植真的树木的流行的手机应用软件。考查定语从句。本句为定语从句，先行词是a popular mobile app指物，关系词用which，故选D。6The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister.Awho is singingBis singingCsangDwas singing【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。这里使用了定语从句，先行
6、词是the girl，定语从句中缺少主语，用who或that引导定语从句，故选A。7The only language _ is easy to learn is mother tongueAwhichBthatC/Dit【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。先行词language在定语从句中作主语，由于它前面有修饰语only，所以只能用关系代词that，不能用which，因此选B。考点：考查定语从句。8Kids， I hope youll remember the good old days_we spent together in junior high thoug
7、h its time to say goodbye.AwhoBwhatCwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：孩子们，虽然到了说再见的时候了，我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是the good old days，从句中spent后缺少宾语，应用关系代词which引导，故应选C。9-Have you got ready for the soccer game？-Yes
8、，Ive done everything _ I can to win the game.AwhoBthatCwhich【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：你准备好参加足球比赛了吗？是的，我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。本题考查定语从句的连接词，who的先行词是人，that的先行词是人或物，which的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时，只能用that，不能用which，故答案为B。【点睛】引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人时可用that或who，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种： 当先行词是a
9、ll, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如：Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。The first thing that we should do is to ge
10、t some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如：My necklace is not the only thing thats missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 当王句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that，不用which或who。以避免重复。例如：Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat？正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ ）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。例如：The writer and his
11、novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。10Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. AwhichBwhatCwho【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家，他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是物；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. who关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，根据
12、educationalis指人，所以用who，故选C。11A true friend is a person _ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.AwhomBwhoseCwhoDwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who；结合句意和选项可知选C。【点睛】在定语从句中，当先行词是人时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或who，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时
13、，引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词whom。例如，（1） The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Toms sister. （2）The person that/whom you talked to just now is Toms father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Toms father.在定语从句中，当先行词是物时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或which，引导词在定语从句中做
14、宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或which，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词which。例如，He was reading a book which/that was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。 在定语从句中，当先行词和后面的名词是所属关系时，用whose引导此定语从句。例如，They lives in a room whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。12 Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight? Im no
15、t sure. Is it in the hall _ can hold 300 people?AwhereBwhatCthatDwhen【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：-学校英语口语比赛今晚将在哪里举行? -我不确定。是在能容纳300人的大礼堂吗？where作定语从句的地点状语；when充当定语从句中时间状语；what充当名词性从句中的主语、宾语和表语。此处作为先行词the hall的定语从句，这个定语从句中缺少主语，故用代词that来充当。故选C。13Have you heard of the Huawei Company?Sure, its one of the _ compan
16、ies _ make us Chinese proud.Agreat; whichBgreater; whichCgreatest; that【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你听说过华为公司吗？当然，它是使我们中国人感到骄傲的最棒的公司之一。great伟大的；greater比较伟大的，是比较级；greatest最伟大的，形容词最高级；which关系代词，可以引导定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that也是关系代词，先行词为人或物，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语。第一个空考查句型one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最的之一”，故排除A和B，应选C。第二个空是th
17、at引导的定语从句，在从句中作主语。14Have you watch the TV play In the name of people（人民的名义）?Yes. Its the most popular play _ shows our Partys trying to struggle against corruption（反对腐败）.AwhereBwhetherCthatDwho【答案】C【解析】句意：你看电视剧“人民的名义”了吗？是的，它是表现我们的党尽力反对腐败的最受欢迎的电视剧。这是一个定语从句的句子，先行词是play，所以引导词用that/which；故选C15一Please te
18、ll me something about Yang Liwei.一He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proudAthatBwhoseCwhoDwhom【答案】D【解析】句意：请告诉我关于杨利伟的事情。他是一个所有中国人都为他感到自豪的宇航员。be proud of为-感到自豪；这是一个定语从句，介词of后面应用宾格，故选D16We all enjoy reading the story _ has a happy ending.AwhoBwhomCthatDwhat【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我们都喜欢读有一个幸福结局的故事。这
19、里是定语从句，先行词是the story，是物，关系词用that和which, 先行词是人用who来引导。先行词是人，关系词whom在句中作宾语。根据题意，故选C。【点睛】当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that.但在以下情况用who.1.当先行词是persons,people,those时.例如：Those who are for my plan ,please put up your hands.同意我的计划的人请举手.Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.好争者被轻视.2.当先行词是he,one,all,any,they等时,例
20、如：He who has not reached the Great Wall isnt a true man.不到长城非好汉.All who had seen this film were moved.看过这部电影的人都受感动.3.在非限定性定语从句中用who.例如：I want him,who knows some English and French.我要他,他懂得些英语和法语.I will pardon you,who are honest.我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的.4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who可以省略.例如：I think it is you who should co
21、me here tomorrow.我认为你明天应该来这儿.It is he who can do this work.只有他能够干此工作.在以下情况多用that.例如：5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that.例如：She is not the woman that she used to be.她已经不是过去的她了.China is not the country that it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了.17The green tea _ grows in South China is quite popular in China.Awhich Bwhen Cwher
22、e【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：在中国南部生长的绿茶在中国非常受欢迎。which 引导定语从句的关系代词，先行词是物，which在定语从句中做主语或宾语；when关系副词，指时间；where 关系副词，指地点。根据句意可知，这里定语从句的先行词是The green tea，并且定语从句中缺少主语，故应选A。考点：考查定语从句的关系代词。18 -Our English teacher is very kind, and we all like her very much.-Thats for sure. A person _ cares for others is popular every
23、where.A who B which C whom D whose【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：-我们的英语老师非常的善良，并且我们非常喜欢她。-那是当然。一个关心他人的人到处都受到欢迎。根据先行词是person,所以引导词用that 或者who。结合选项，故选A。考点：考查定语从句的用法。19I hate people talk much but do little.AwhoseBwhomCwho【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：我讨厌那些说的多却做的少的人。句中所缺的是定语从句的关系词，先行词是people，指人，而且关系词在从句中做主语，故选C。whose既指人也指物，在从句中做定
24、语；whom指人，在从句中做宾语；which指物，可做主语和宾语。考点：考查定语从句20The number of people_were killed in the accident_been announced yet.Athat; haventBwho; hasntCwhich; hasntDwho; havent【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：在事故中死亡的人的数量还没有被公布。第一空后_were killed in the accident是定语从句，先行词是people，指人的所以可以用that或who，第二空缺少的是谓语动词，句子的主语是The number 单数，所以谓语动词
25、也用单数形式，故选B。考点：考查定语从句及主谓一致的用法。21 Most grandmas prefer the song Little Apple that they can dance their square dances to .AthatBwhoseCwhereDHow【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌，她们能跟着跳广场舞。A. that 那个；B. Whose谁的；C. Where在哪；D. How怎样；这里是that引导的宾语从句，先行词是物，用关系词that。根据题意。故选A。考点：考查定语从句22The first thing _ I have t
26、o do now is to keep healthy.AwhichBthatCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：我现在不得不做的第一件事是保持健康。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分，被修饰的名词叫先行词，连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分：1关系代词：who , whom , whose , which , that。2关系副词：where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词，which 用来指代物的先行词，that既可指人又可指物。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which ：先行词本身是all , everything ,
27、something , nothing , anything等不定代词时， 先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时，先行词既有人又有物时。根据先行词有序数词修饰，故选B。考点：考查定语从句的用法。23Carla cant stand the boy _ often plays jokes on her in front of the whole class.AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhom【答案】B【解析】句意：Carla无法忍受那个经常在全班面前取笑她的那个男孩。which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语或宾语；who引导定语从句修饰人，作主语
28、或宾语；what引导名词性从句，作主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语。此处先行词boy表示人，在定语从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。24The young lady _ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.AwhatBwhoseCwhoDwhich【答案】C【解析】句意：昨天我们见到的那位年轻的女士是我们的新数学老师。这里是定语从句，先行词是The young lady，这里关系词用who，在定语从句中做宾语，根据题意，故选C。25I like the actors are very famous now.Awhich
29、BwhoCwhy【答案】B【解析】句意：我喜欢那些现在非常出面的演员。先行词actors表示人，故用who引导定语从句，故选B。26Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places _ you have never visited.AwhereBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】B【解析】句意：读书是一件好事，它能把你带到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句，先行词是places；定语从句中缺少句子的宾语，where在定语从句中作状语，故排除A；what不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句的时，先行词是人的。Which在定
30、语从句中可以作宾语或主语，先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。27Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge was built in the 1960s is now under repair.AwhoBwhoseCwhichDwhat【答案】C【解析】句意：建于上世纪60年代的南京长江大桥现在正在修理。who引导定语从句，先行词应该是人，在从句中做主语或宾语；whose的；which引导定语从句，先行词是物，which在从句中做主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句。这个定语从句的先行词是Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge,是物，故应选C。28The
31、pen _ you are looking for is under the desk.AwhoBwhoseCthat【答案】C【解析】句意：你正在找的那支钢笔在桌子下面。考查定语从句。三个选项都可引导定语从句：who的先行词是人；whose的先行词是物，表所属；that的先行词是人或物。先行词the pen是物，且在从句中做宾语，需用that引导；根据句意结构，可知选C。29Is this factory _ you visited the other day?Ain whichBwhichCwhereDthe one【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这个工厂是你前几天参观的那个工厂吗？我们
32、可以先把这个句子变成陈述句：ThisFactory is _ you visited the other day.很显然这是考查定语从句，题干中缺少先行词the factory我们可用the one代替。故选D。考点：考查定语从句。30Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _ you had with your dad yesterday.AwhatBwhichCwhenDwho【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。定语从句先行词the discussion是物，在定语从句you had with your dad yesterday中作had的宾语，故用which引导此定语从句，所以选B。
