1、Unit 8 English week语法讲解：情态动词（should和had better）情态动词（Modal verbs）本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。 情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列：原形过去式同义词组词义例句cancouldbe able to能He can do it by himself.maymight可以May he sit here?mustmusthave/has to必须He must go now. It is going to rai
2、n.have/has tohad tomust不得不He has to go now. It is going to rain.had betterhad better最好He had better go now. It is going to rain.ought toought to应该He ought to go now. It is going to rain.shallshould要，应该Shall we have a talk?willwould想，要Would he go with you?needneeded在肯定句中常作实意动词，在否定、疑问句中常作情态动词必须He need
3、s to study hard. (实意动词)Need he wear a coat? (情态动词)daredared敢He dares to go alone. (实意动词)He dare not tell me. (情态动词)一、情态动词should的用法【教材典句】1. You should communicate in English with your friends whenever you can.2. You should read English books and magazines, and watch English television programmes.3. S
4、he told the class that they should study hard for the next exam.4. Emily should pronounce her words more clearly when she speaks in English.以上四个句子，主要围绕着情态动词should的用法展开，形象鲜明地展现了should的用法。【语法全解】Should为情态动词，意为“应该”，后接动词原形，其否定形式为shouldnt，变为一般疑问句时，should提到句首。无人称和数的变化。其用法如下：1. 否定形式should not(shouldnt) 意为“不
5、应该；不应当”You shouldnt sit in the sun all day. 你不应该整天坐在太阳底下。They shouldnt spend too much money. 你不应该花太多钱。2. 常用I should或we should表达“对自己而言该做些什么”I should go home. Its midnight. 我该回家了。现在凌晨了。We should invite them for a meal. 我们该邀请他们吃饭。常用I shouldnt或we shouldnt表达“对自己而言不该做某事”I shouldnt spend too much money. 我不
6、该花太多钱了。 (1) 表示义务，责任时，意为“应该，应当”。You should help your mother with your housework. 你应该帮你妈妈做家务。We should study hard. 我们应该努力学习。(2) 表示委婉地提出意见或建议时，意为“应该，应当”。常用you shouldshouldnt来向他人提出建议。You should brush your teeth before you go to bed. 睡觉前你应该刷牙。You should look for a better job. 你应该找一份更好的工作。You shouldnt dri
7、ve so fast. 你应该开（车）这么快。(3) 表示命令或要求时，语气比较强烈。You shouldnt go out at night. 你不应该晚上外出。3. 用should I / we-来向他人寻求建议Should I write my name here? 我要在这里写名字吗？What should I say to Helen? 我应该和海伦说什么呢？I need a new passport. Where should I go? 我需要一本新护照。我要去哪里（办）呢？4. 常用I think we should及I dont think you should等来表达自己的
8、观点I think we should get a new car. 我觉得我们应该买一辆新车。I dont think you should believe him. 我觉得我们不应该相信他。5. 还可以用do you think I should? 来寻求建议He hasnt replied to my email. Do you think I should phone him? 他没有回复邮件。你觉得我是否应该打电话给他呢？What do you think I should give Tom for his birthday?你觉得我应该送什么生日礼物给Tom呢？6. Should与
9、ought to，意思相似，用法如下：肯定句：Studentsshouldstudy hard. = Studentsought tostudy hard否定句：Studentsshouldntstudy hard. = Studentsought not tostudy hard.疑问句：Shouldstudents study hard? = Oughtstudentstostudy hard？回答：Yes, they should. / No, they shouldnt.= Yes, they ought to. / No, they ought not to.二、had better
10、的用法【教材典句】1. Youd better be on time for you lessons.2. Youd better go and see a doctor.3. Youd better ask her to come along next time.4. Youd better take an umbrella with you.【语法全解】had better 是一个固定短语，意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点：1. had better 后面必须跟动词原形。had better 后跟动词原形（即不带to的不定式），构成had bette
11、r do sth.短语。缩写形式为d better。请注意，had不能用have来替换。Youd better go to hospital at once. 你最好马上去医院。Tom, youd better go there today. Tom，你最好今天就去那儿。2. 主语无论是第几人称，无论用什么时态，都要用had better的形式。Now you/ he/ we had better listen to the teacher. 你/ 他/ 我们现在最好听老师的话。3. had better的否定式：常用的否定形式是将not直接放在had better的后面。否定形式是had b
12、etter not，缩写形式为d better notYou had better not miss the last bus. 我最好不要错过最后一趟汽车。Youd better not leave for Nanjing the day after tomorrow. 你后天最好不要去南京。4.可以用于指现在；You had better listen to the radio now. 你现在最好听听收音机。You had better be quiet. 你最好安静。也可以用于指将来。You had better start tomorrow. 你最好明天出发。We had bette
13、r buy the more expensive one. It will last much longer, so it will be cheaper in the end. 你最好买更贵那个。它将持续更久，这样最终它会更便宜。5. had better在表示对别人进行劝告、建议时，不宜用于与陌生人、长辈及上级的交谈中。对长辈说话时，比较有礼貌的说法是It might be better for you, 或It would be better for you等。It might be better for you to help me, Grandpa. 奶奶你最好帮我一下。It wou
14、ld be better for you to wait me for a second, Mr. Li. 李先生你最好等我一下。【拓展】英语中，表示建议的方式有很多，归纳起来还有以下几种常见的句型：表达方式句型结构含义实例直接建议法Lets+ 动词原形表示“我们一起做某事吧”Lets go shopping.委婉建议法Shall we +动词原形?表示“我们做某事好吗？”Shall we go out for a walk?Would you mind (not) + 动名词?表示“你介意（不）做某事吗？/你（不要）做某事好吗？”Would you mind not opening the
15、window?征求性建议法How about/ What about + 名词、代词、动名词?表示“做某事怎么样？”How about playing basketball?责备性建议法Why dont you/ Why not + 动词原形?表示“你为什么不做某事呢？”Why not ask your teacher?请求性建议法Would/ Could/ you please do/ not do sth?表示“请你做/不要做某事好吗？”Would you please wait for me?Would you like to do/ not to do sth?表示“你想做/不想做某事
16、吗？”Would you like to have a rest?Unit 8 English week语法练习1、单项选择1. You _ late for school.A. had not better to beB. had not better beC. had better not to beD. had better not be2. Youd better _ at once.A. goB. goes C. went D. to go3. I wasnt sure whether I _ offer to help or not.A. shouldB. mightC. woul
17、dD. needed4. We _ learn as much as we can at school.A. may notB. shouldC. shouldntD. mustnt5. According to the new law, people _ drive after drinking wine or beer.A. canB. wouldnt C. neednt D. mustnt6. Its raining heavily outside. You _ leave now.A. had better B. ought to C. had better not to D. had
18、 better not7. Youd better _ late next time.A. not to beB. not beC. Wont beD. dont be8. Youre making so much noise in the library! You _ come here.A. shouldB. shouldnt C. willD. need9. The Earth is in danger. We should _ more trees.A. cut downB. planting C. plantD. to plant*10. Look! What youve done!
19、 You _ more careful.A. may beB. had toC. should have been D. would be11. Excuse me, I want to go to Yuexiu Park. Which bus _ I take?A. mustB. should C. mayD. need12. Johnny, you _ play with the knife; you _ hurt yourself.A. shouldnt, may B. cant, shouldnt C. wont, cantD. mustnt, can13. You _ drive y
20、our car so fast. Its very dangerous.A. wouldnt B. shouldnt C. couldntD. mightnt14. A country has dreams. We teenagers _ also have dreams. With dreams and hard work,anything amazing can be created.A. mayB. must C. shouldD. Might15. -May we leave the classroom now? -No, you_. You_ to leave until the b
21、ell rings.A. mustnt; are allowed B. dont have to; are supposed C. neednt; arent allowed D. cant; arent supposed2、完成句子（1）用should 或shouldnt补全句子1.(you/work) so hard. Have a holiday.2. I enjoy watching films.(we/go) to the cinema more often.3.(you/park) here. Its not allowed.4. What(I/cook) for dinner t
22、onight?5.(you/wear) a coat. Its cold outside.6.(you/smoke) . Its bad for you.7.(we/arrive) at the airport two hours before the flight.8.(I/pay) now or later?9. Do you think(I/apply) for this job?10. What do you think(I/write) in this space on the form?11.(I/eat) any more cake. Ive already eaten too
23、much.12. This food is terrible.(we/complain) to the manager.（2）用had better、括号中的词及其它必要的词补全句子。1. You are going out for a walk with Tom. It might rain. You say to Tom：(an umbrella) We2. You and Ann plan to go to a restaurant this evening. Its a very popular restaurant. You say to Ann：(book) We3. Jill d
24、oesnt look very well enough to go to work. You say to her：(work)4. You received your phone bill four weeks ago, but you havent paid it yet. If you dont pay it very soon, you will be in trouble. You say to yourself：(pay)5. You want to go out, but youre expecting an important phone call. You say to yo
25、ur friends：(go out) I6. You and Fiona are going to the theatre. Youve missed the bus and you dont want to be late. You say to Fiona：(a taxi)（3）用should和had better完成句子（在适当位置加入not）1A：Should Henry stay in bed?B：No, the doctor said he(should) stay in bed.2A：Can we move that cupboard?B：No, its very delica
26、te, so you(had better) leave it where it is.3A：Should we change these notices?B：No, the show is still on, so we(should) change them until next week.4A：Youd better tell the boss about the accident immediately.B：No, shes in a bad mood. I(had better) tell her until tomorrow.5A：Does the doctor day its a
27、ll right for Mrs. Darcy to work?B：Yes, but she must be careful. She(should) lift anything heavy, for example.6A：Can they come before dinner?B：No, we havent got enough food, so they(had better) come after dinner.Unit 8 English week语法练习答案1、单项选择1-5 DAABD6-10 DBBCC11-15 BABCD【15题解析】mustnt 语气非常重，表示“一定不要，
28、禁止”等，一般不轻易用；cant语气相对轻一些，常常用作may的否定；另外，当may表示推测“可能”时，其否定为：may not。跟据上文可知，D为最佳答案，意为：不，你不能。铃响之前你不该离开。2、完成句子（1）用should 或shouldnt补全句子1. You shouldnt2. We should3. You shouldnt4. should I cook5. You should wear6. You shouldnt smoke7. We should arrive8. Should I pay9. I should apply10. I should write11. I
29、shouldnt eat12. We should complain（2）用had better、括号中的词及其它必要的词补全句子。1. had better take an umbrella with us.2. had better book the seats first.3. You had better not go to work today.4. I had better pay the bill as soon as possible.5. I had better not go out now.6. We had better take a bus.（3）用should和had better完成句子（在适当位置加入not）1. shouldnt2. had better3. shouldnt4. had better not5. shouldnt6. had better
