1、人教版高中英语选修十词汇表(含教材例句)人教版高中英语选修十词汇表(含教材例句) Book 10 Unit 1 1. venture /vent(r)/n.(有风险的)商业、企业 2. web /web/n(蜘蛛等的)网 ;万维网 4. suffering / sfr /n苦楚;受难 5. gall-bladder /g:lbl d/n. 胆囊 6. strengthen /stren/ vt.加强;巩固; 勉励; 激励 7. endurance / ndjrns / n.忍耐;持久;耐(性) 8. hut /ht/ n.小屋;棚屋 9. stove / stv / n.炉子 10. unbe
2、arable / nberbl / adj. 无法忍受的;承受不住的 The smell is, as usual, almost unbearable. 味道几乎让人难以忍受。(P2) 11. cosy / kz / adj.舒适的;安逸的 12. block out 封闭 As I think of this, a black blanket drops and covers me, almost blocking out the memories of happier times. 正想到这儿,一条黑毛毯掉下来把我盖住,几乎把美 好时光的记忆封闭住了。(P2) 13. breathles
3、s/ brels /adj. 喘不过气来的 I feel breathless as I remember my rotten toes that had to be removed when they became blackened from frostbite. 一想到由于冻伤变黑而必须截去的腐烂的脚趾 头,我就感到喘不过气来。(P2) 14. rotten/ rtn / adj.腐烂的;变质的 15. blacken /bl kn/ vt.使变黑 they became blackened from frostbite. 由于冻伤变黑。(P2) 16. circumstance/ s:
4、kmstns /n.环境;详情;境况 Our circumstances are so desperate that it is uncertain whether we will ever returnalive. 我们的境况让人绝望,谁也不清楚会不会活着回去。(P2) 17. blast/bl st/n.一阵(风);一股(气流) Just as I am about to become self-pitying, the door to our shelter opens and ablast of cold air tears through the hut. 正当我快要变得自我怜惜起来
5、时,我们营棚的门开 了,一股冷空气穿过营棚。(P2) 18. hoarse/h:s/adj.嘶哑的 I yell in a hoarse voice that I hardly recognize as my own. 我用一种自己都快辨认不出来的沙哑的嗓音嚷嚷道。(P2) 19. bless/bles/vt.祝福;保佑 20. selfish/ self /adj.自私的(反义词:unselfish, selfless) How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Tom! 我怎么能像汤姆那样自私自利和脾气暴躁呢!(P3) 21. ho
6、ok/ hk/ n.钩;吊钩 vt.钩住;牢牢抓住 I was hooked! 我被深深地迷住了!(P3) 22. aboard/b:d/ adv. 坚持 34. perseverance/ p:svrns/n.U 毅力 ; 韧性; 坚持不懈 His perseverance won our complete faith in him. 他的顽强精神赢得了我们对他的完全信赖。(P3) 35. faith/ fe/n信任;信念;信仰;忠实 36. give way to 让路;让步 He was always honest with us (as in the advertisement) an
7、d never gave way to disappointment, even when the ship sank. 他对我们也总是坦诚相待(就像广告中 那样),他从不灰 心丧气,从不放弃,甚至当轮船沉下去时也是如此。(P3) 37. framework/ fremw:k /n.框架;结构 Soon Shackleton set out the framework for our life here: 不久沙克尔顿给我们这里的生活列出了规矩:(P3) 38. rank/rk/n.等级;军阶;军衔 no differences in rank or in social status 取消级别
8、和社会地位上的差异(P3) 39. morale/ mr:l /n士气;精神状态 This team-spirit contributed to the morale of the crew and saved our lives. 这种团 队精神鼓舞了船员们的士气,并挽救了我们的生命。(P3) 40. select/ slekt /vt.选择;挑选 twenty-two of us were to remain here and he would select five others to go to South Georgia and bring help. 22 人留在这里,他挑选其他五
9、个人去南乔治亚 求援。(P3) 41. booming/ bu:m /adj. 发轰隆声的 I will never forget watching the little boat disappear through the booming waves into the stormy ocean. 我永远也不会忘记眼看着小船从哗哗作响的波浪中消失在波 涛汹涌的大洋里的情景。(P3) 42. swear/ swe(r) / ( swore, sworn) vt.宣誓,发誓;咒骂 We who remained on Elephant Island swore that we would do a
10、s he advocated:留 在大象岛上的人发誓要按他所主张的那样做:(P3) 43. advocate/ dvket / vt.主张;提倡;鼓吹 n. 提倡者; 支持者; 辩护律师 44. freezing/ fri:z /adj.冰冻的;严寒的 n. 冻结,结冰 45. stool/stu:l/n.凳子;大便 46. gratitude/ grttju:d /nU感激;感恩 47. punishment/ pnmnt /n.惩罚;惩处 48. loyal/ ll /adj. 忠诚的, 忠贞的, 49. tactful/ tktfl /adj.机智的;圆滑的;言行得 51. odd/ d
11、 /adj.古怪的;奇数的;单数的 52. stout/ stat /adj.结实的;顽强的;矮胖的 54. optimism/ ptmzm /n.乐观;乐观主义(反义词:pessimism/ pesmzm /) Optimism helped us persevere. 乐观帮助我们锲而不舍。(P9) 55. delay/ dle / vt. (或耽搁、拖延)的时间 56. discourage/ dskrd /vt.使气馁( 反义词:encourage) It may be difficult to do at first. Dont let this discourage you. 万事
12、开头难,别因此 而灰心。 57. dynamic/ dan mk /adj.动力的;精力充沛的; There was nothing like a good dinner of penguin and some dynamic music to make a man feel more cheerful again. 除了美味的企鹅餐和动感音乐外,没有其它东西能 再让人感到愉快了。(P9) 58. regular/ regjl(r) /adj.规则的;定期的;常规的 Life now fell into a regular pattern. 现在生活转入了常规。(P9) 59. grasp/
13、gr:sp /vt.抓住;抓紧;掌握; 理解;领会 For example, we had to gather fresh water by grasping and then melting sea-ice. 例 如:我们必须要抓住和溶化海面上的冰块来收集淡水。 60. give off 发出(蒸汽、光等) This gave off oily, black smoke but had the advantage of burning strongly in fierce winds. 燃烧海豹脂肪会产生油腻的黑烟,但它有能在强风中烧旺的好处。(P9) 61. bored/b:d/adj.无
14、聊的;无趣的;烦人的 As one of our group, Lionel Greenstreet noted in his diary after a few week show bored he was with the meals. 作为大家中的一员,莱昂内尔格林斯特里特数周 后在日记中提到他对饭菜是何其厌烦。(P9) 62. liver/ lv(r) /n.肝脏 penguin liver 企鹅肝脏 63. chef/ ef/n.厨师;主厨 As a chef, it was my duty to clean and cook these animals. 作为厨子,我的责任就是把这
15、些动物清洗干净并做成熟肉。(P9) 64. changeable/ tendbl /adj.可改变的 We had to be very particular about our personal care because a changeable temperature could harm us. 我们必须要特别注意自己照顾自己, 因为变幻的气温 可能会伤害到我们。(P9) 65. caution k:n /n.小心;谨慎;警告 Another part of the body that needed special caution was the eyes. 另外一个需要 特别小心的身体
16、部位是眼睛。(P9) 66. sun-blindness/ sn blandns /n.日盲症(因阳光强烈导致 if we did not wear sunglasses we would suffer from sun-blindness. 如果不戴上太阳镜,可能会造成日盲症。(P9) 67. admirable/ dmrbl /adj 令人钦佩的;绝妙的;极好的 We were lucky that our group worked hard to show an admirable mental attitude and dealt with our ever-present fears
17、 in a positive and successful way. 我们很走运, 因为我们全组努力显示出一种令人钦佩的精神状态, 并且以积极的态度成功地克 服了无所不在的恐惧。(P9) 68. commitment/ kmtmnt /n 许诺;委托事项;承担义务 Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive and he had repaid us by his commitment to return and save us from a slow but painful deat
18、h. 乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮助我们坚持顽强地活了下来, 他给我们的回报 则是承诺返回岛上,并且把我们从缓慢而又痛苦的死亡中解救出来。(P9) 69. proverb/ prv:b /n. 谚语 Book 10 Unit 2 1. respectful/ rspektfl /adj.恭敬的;尊重人的; 有礼貌的 2. respectfully /rspektfl/ adv. 恭敬地 3. disrespectful/ dsrspektfl /adj.失礼的;无礼的 4. disrespectfully/dsrspektfl/adv. 失礼的;无礼的 5. emperor/empr/n. C皇帝
19、;君主 6. shorten/:tn /vt短;使变短 7. modernize/ mdnaz /vt. 使现代化(= update) 8. throne/rn /n.王座;王位 10. duke/dju:k/n. 公爵 11. burden/ b:dn /n担子;负担 The burden of government sits heavily on my shoulders. 治理国家的重担落在我的双肩上。(P12) 12. hand over 移交(权利,责任) I have decided to retire and hand over the heavy load of respons
20、ibility to you three. 我已决定退休,把责任重担传到你们三人的手中。(P12) 13. responsibility/ rspnsblti/nC,U责任;职责 14. boundary/ bandri /nC边界;分界线 See, here is a map of my kingdom with all the boundaries drawn on it. 瞧,这是我的 王国地图,边界都标在上面。(P12) 15. allocate/ lket /vt分派;分配;拨(给) I have divided the kingdom into three parts, and a
21、llocated one part to each of you. You must allocate the money carefully. 我已把国家一分为三,给你们每个人划分 一份。你们必须谨慎地分配钱。(P12) 16. whichever/ wtev(r) /pron无论哪一个;任何 For whichever of you has for me the most devotion I will give to her the best part of everything I own.因为你们当中不管是谁, 只要最有孝心, 我就把最好的一块给她。 (P12) 17. darlin
22、g/ d:l /n心爱的人 My darling girl. 我亲爱的女儿。(P12) 18. adore/d:/vt. 崇拜;爱慕;喜爱 I adore you more than anything else in the whole world. 我深爱您胜于深爱世界上的一切。(P12) 19. pray/ pre /vt祈祷;恳求;请 I pray you, speak. 我求求你说几句。(P13) 20. care for 关怀;照顾; 喜欢 My dear father, you brought me into this world, you cared for me and lov
23、ed me. 我 亲爱的父亲,你把我带到这个世界上,关心我,爱护我。(P13) 21. majesty/ mdsti /n. 最高权威;王权;雄伟陛下 22. lord/l:d/封建领主;地主;统治者; 23. bridegroom/ bradgru:m /n新郎 bride /brad/ n. 新娘 bridesmaid /bradzmed/ n. 伴娘 24. distribute/ dstrbju:t /vt.分配;分发 I shall distribute my kingdom between the two of you. 我把我的王国分给你们两 人。(P13) 25. troop/
24、tru:p/nC群;组军队 I shall take nothing for myself except a troop of one hundred of my most loyal soldiers to care for and protect me. 我自己什么也不要, 只要一支由百名最忠诚的 卫兵组成的队伍来照看和保护我。(P13) 26. contradict/ kntrdkt /vt.同矛盾/抵触;反驳 Do not contradict me. 别顶撞我。(P13) 27. hearout 听完 But sir, please hear me out. 但是,陛下,请您听我讲完
25、。(P13) 28. on behalf of 代表 I speak on behalf of Cordelia.我要替科迪莉亚讲几句话。(P13) 29. flattery/ fltri /n. C,U 奉承;恭维话 30. flatter/fl t/vt过分夸赞;奉承;恭维 31. beyond question 无可争辩毫无疑问(= out of question) Cordelias devotion to Your Majesty is beyond question. 科迪莉亚对陛下的热爱是无可置疑的。(P13) 32. speak out 大胆地说;大声地 I have to s
26、peak out, my Lord. 我必须要讲清楚,我的陛下。(P13) 33. friction/ frkn /n. C,U 摩擦;矛盾;冲突 You do wrong to cause friction between yourself and your daughter. 您错误地让您和您的女儿之间产生摩擦。(P13) 34. forecast/ f:k:st / vt.预测;预报 n. 预报; 预言 I forecast that such actions will cause great conflict throughout your kingdom.我料 想这种行为会在您的王国
27、里造成巨大的冲突。(P13) 35. oppose/ pz /vt.反对;反抗;抵制 How dare you oppose me. 你竟敢反对我。(P13) 36. pack up 把打包;整理 Pack up your things and be gone from my kingdom. 收拾好你的东西,滚出我的王 国。(P13) 37. frontier/frntj/n. C 国界;边疆;边境 38. give away 赠送;泄露 40. be fond of 喜爱;爱好 41. deceitful/ dsi:tfl /adj.欺诈的;不诚实的(= dishonest) 42. co
28、rrupt/krpt/adj.腐败的;贪污的;堕落的 43. greedy/gri:di/adj.贪婪的 She is greedy and selfish. 她既贪婪又自私。 44. greed/ gri:d /n. 贪婪 45. innocent/ nsnt /adj.清白的;无罪的;天真的 46. cunning/ kn /adj.善于骗人的;狡猾的 a cunning liar 花言巧语的骗子 47. storage/ st:rd /n. C,U贮藏;存储;储藏室 48. author/:/n. 作者;作家 49. sacrifice / skrfas / n. C,U 牺牲; 献祭
29、vt.把奉献给 50. make a name 出名 51. allergic/ l:dk /adj.过敏的 52. sneeze/sni:z/ n. 喷嚏; 喷嚏声 vi. 打喷嚏; 53. armchair/:mte/n.扶手椅;(单座)沙发 54. confirm/ knf:m /vt.确定 55. rewind / ri:wand /vt.(rewound,rewound)重绕;倒回 56. cash/k / n.现金 vt. 支付现款; 兑现 57. cheque/tek/ n.(= check)支票 58. signature/sgnt(r) /n.签名;署名;信号 59. ter
30、minal/ t:mnl /n.终点站;航空集散站 adj. 末期的; 晚期的 60. vacant/ veknt /adj.空的;空缺的 61. dusty/dsti/adj.满是灰尘的;积满灰尘的 62. respond/ rspnd /vi.回答;响应;作出反应 63. staff/st:f/n.职员;员工 She encourages her staff to be disrespectful towards Lear. 她怂恿下属对李尔不 敬。(P17) 65. suspect/sspekt/ /sspekt/ vt. 怀疑 /sspekt/ n. C被怀疑者;嫌疑犯 I suspe
31、cted the same, but I kept telling myself it was my imagination. 我也这样怀疑 过,但我一直地对自己说,这只是我的想象罢了。(P18) 66. insult/nslt/ vt. 侮辱,凌辱; 辱骂 n.侮辱;凌辱 I hear you have insulted Oswald. 我听说你辱骂了奥斯瓦尔德。(P18) 67. scold/ skld /vt.责骂;斥责 Is this my daughter scolding me? 这难道是我的女儿在斥责我吗?(P18) 68. drunken/drkn/adj. 醉的;常醉的 Be
32、sides, their drunken behaviour and bad manners are disgusting. 此外,他们醉醺 醺的举止和不礼貌的行为让人感到恶心。(P18) 69. scratch/skr t/ n. 要求 72. prop/ prp /n. C(小)道具 Book 10 Unit 3 1. civil/ svl /adj.公民的;国民的 2. trolleybus/ trlibs /n.无轨电车 3. register/ redst(r) / vt.登记;注册 nC 登记; 注册; 登记表;注册簿 4. boycott/ bkt /n.抵制;排斥 A boyc
33、ott of the buses and trolley buses will begin tomorrow. 从明天开始抵制公交车和无轨电车。(P22) 5. prohibit/ prhbt /vt.禁止;阻止 Dr King encourages us to fight against this unfair system which prohibits us blacks from sitting where we like. 金博士鼓励我们同这个禁止我们黑人随意就坐的不公 平的制度作斗争。(P22) 6. offence/fens/n.冒犯;违法行为 It is regarded as
34、 an offence if we sit at the front of a bus. 如果我们坐在公交车前面 的座位上, 就会被认为是违规了 (P22) 7. unjust/ ndst /adj. 不公平的;不公正的 (反义词 just) But on Thursday, Im glad to say, this unjust separation of people on the basis of skin color was challenged.但说起来我很高兴,在星期四,这种根据肤色的不公平的种 族隔离受到了挑战。(P22) 8. separation/ sepren /n.C,U
35、分离;分开 9. tradition/trdn/n.传统;惯例 By law he could not sit with Rosa and by tradition blacks were expected to move. 根 据法律,他不能同罗莎坐在一起,而且根据传统习惯,黑人要让出座位。(P22) 10. submit/ sbmt /( submitted, submitted)vi. 顺从; 服从 vt. 使服从; 提交;呈 送 The other three submitted but Rosa was unwilling to do so and she refused. 另外三
36、个人屈从了,而罗莎不愿意这样做,她拒绝站起来。(P22) 11. unwilling/ nwl /adj.不愿意的;勉强的 (反义词 willing) 12. seize/si:z/vt.抓住;逮住;夺取 13. seize on 抓住;利用 King and the other black leaders in Montgomery have seized on this incident and decided on a collision course to change the law. 金和蒙哥马利市的其他黑人领袖 抓住这起事件,决定用抗争的方式来改变这项法律。(P22) 14. c
37、ollision /kln/ n. 碰撞; 冲突 collision course 冲突(的进程或行动)(P22) 15. hopeful/ hpfl /adj.怀有希望的;有希望的 Theyre hopeful that they can negotiate a fairer situation if all the blacks support them. 他们满怀信心,如果全体黑人都支持他们,他们可以通过谈判而赢得一个 较为公平的局面。 (P22) 16. negotiate/ ngiet /vt 虐待; 辱骂 The whites, on the other hand, shouted
38、 abuse at us. 而另一方面,白人们大声咒骂我们。(P22) 26. hostility/ hstlti /n敌意;恶意 We felt their hostility but it only made us firmer in our resolve. 我们感觉到了他们 的敌意,但这只会使我们的决心更加坚定。(P22) 27. resolve/ rzlv / n.决心 vt. 决心; 解决(问题或困难) 28. prayer/pre/n.祈祷 It seemed like an answer to a prayer! 这似乎像是对祈祷的回报!(P22) 29. bomb/ bm /
39、 vt. 轰炸; (考试)惨 n.炸弹 The houses of Martin Luther King, Jr and the other leaders were bombed. 马丁路 德金和其他领袖的房屋遭到了炸弹袭击。(P23) 30. supreme/ su:pri:m /adj.最高的;极度的 Supreme Court 最高法院 Encouraged by a Supreme Court decision that public education must be mixed nationwide, the leaders went to court to argue agai
40、nst separation on buses. 这些黑 人领袖受到了最高法院一项裁决的鼓舞, 这项裁决规定全国范围内的公共教育必 须要实施不同种族 混校。(P23) 31. nationwide/ nenwad /adj.全国性的;全国的 adv. 在全国范围内 32. constitution/ knsttju:n /n.宪法 33. constitutional/ knsttju:nl/adj. 宪法的;符合宪法的 It was not until November13, 1956 that the US Supreme Court declared separationon buses
41、 was not constitutional. 直到 1956 年 1 1 月 13 日,美国最高法 院才判定公交车上的种族隔离不符合宪法。(P23) 34. fundamental/ fndmentl /adj.基础的;基本的 In court we won a fundamental victory in the battle for our civil rights. 在法庭上, 我 们赢得了民权斗争中的一场根本性的胜利。(P23) 35. battle/b tl/n战役;战争 36. happiness/ h pns /n.幸福;快乐 My happiness is complete
42、! 我感到无比欢欣鼓舞!(P23) 37. liberty/ lbti /n自由 We may only have struck one small blow for liberty but who knows where itll lead? 我们也许为自由仅仅进行了一次小的斗争, 但谁能知道这一斗争会将我们引向何 方呢?(P23) 38. skim/ skm /vt.浏览;轻轻掠过 39. evident/ evdnt /adj.明显的;显然的 40. self-evident/ self evdnt /adj. 不证自明的; 不言而喻 We hold these truths to be
43、 self-evident, that all men are created equal. 我们认为这 些真理是不言而喻的:人人生而平等。(P28) 41. brief/bri:f/adj.简短的;短暂的 42. discrimination/ dskrmnen /n.U歧视 43. philosophy/ flsfi /nU哲学 C人生观; 人生哲学 45. commit/ kmt /vt.(committed,committed)犯罪;做错事 46. live out 活过;实践 I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up a
44、nd live out the true meaning of its creed: 我有一个梦想,那就是有一天这个国家会站起,并实现其信条的真谛: (P28) 47. creed/kri:d/n.信条 48. brotherhood/ brhd /n. 手足情谊;兄弟关系 I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the tab
45、le of brotherhood. 我有一个梦想,那就是有一天在佐治亚州的红色山冈上,昔日奴隶 的儿子将能够和昔日奴隶主的儿子同席而坐,共叙兄弟情谊。(P28) 49. oasis/ ess /n.(沙漠中)绿洲;舒适的地方 I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, (a state where justice is difficult to find if you are black,) will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. 我有一个梦想
46、,那就是有一天甚至密西西比州(这是黑人难以寻觅到正 义的一个州)也将变成自由和正义的绿洲。(P28) 50. symphony/ smfni /n交响乐;交响曲 With this faith we will be able to transform the unpleasant sounds of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. 带着这种信念, 我们就能够把我们国家中令 人不快的声音变成一曲优美的兄弟情谊的交响乐。(P28) 55. Negro/ni:gr /n.(过时)黑人(复数 Negroes) 56. almig
47、hty/ :lmati /adj. 全能的;有无限权力的 Thank God Almighty, we are free at last! 感谢全能的上帝, 我们终于自由啦!(P28) 57. quotation/ kwten /n引用语;引文;语录 58. metaphor/ metf(r) /n隐喻;暗喻 59. simile/ smli /n明喻 60. dominate/ dmnet/vt 竭力 Most people agree that the best way to improve your skills in any endeavour is to practise, prac
48、tise and then practise some more. 大多数人认为努力改进技能的最 佳方式就是实践、实践、再实践。(P32) 8. competent/ kmptnt /adj.有能力的;能胜任的(反义词 incompetent) The same principle applies to competent readers. 上述原则同样适用于能力强的 读者。(P32) 9. up to. 取决于 There are certain techniques you can learn and then it is up to you to practise, practise and practise. 有某些技巧可供你学习,