1、一名词一名词 名词是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名称的词，可以说名词是万物之名称。它们可以是： 专有名词：表示人名、月份、日期、地名等。如 China, John, London, the USA, Harbin . 1名词 个体名词：表示单个的人或事物。如 boat, chair, desk, apple . 可数名词 集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的总称。如 family, people, class, police . 普通名词
2、物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质。如 water, air, tea, sea, money, cotton . 抽象名词：表示抽象概念的词。如 health, help, work, friendship . 不可数名词 2. 可数名词复数形式的构成 可数名词的复数形式通常是在单数形式后加-s 或-es，现将其复数的一般构成方法及读音列表如下： 情况 构成方法 例词 读音 一般情况 在词尾加-s desk desks map maps -s 在请辅音后发s音 day
3、days girl girls -s 在元音私浊畏音后发z 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词 在词尾加-es bus buses box boxes watch watches es 发iz音 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词 变 y 为 i 再加-es family families factory factories party parties -ies 发iz音 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词 变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加-es knife knives &n
4、bsp;life lives wife wives half halves -ves 发vz音 以 o 结尾的有生命的词 在词尾加-es potato potatoes tomato tomatoes hero heroes -es 发z音 以 o 结尾的无生命的词 在词尾加-s radio radios zoo zoos -s 发z音 英语中还有不少名词的复数形式是不规则的，必须把它们牢记在心。如：manmen, womanwomen, FrenchmanFre
5、nchmen, childchildren, toothteeth, footfeet, goosegeese, mousemice, sheepsheep, deerdeer, fishfish 等。 3. 名词的所有格 在英语中，有些名词的词尾 可以加上s，用来表示所有关系，这种结构称为名词的所有格。 单数名词在末尾加s the boys father, Jacks book, her son-in-laws photo, 复数名词 一般在末尾加 the teachers room, the twins mother, 不规则复数名词后加s the children
6、s toys, womens rights, 以 s 结尾的人名所有格加 Dickens novels, Charles job, the Smiths house 表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加s Japans and Americas problems, Janes and Marys bikes 表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加s Japan and Americas problems, Jane and Marys father 表示某人家店铺，所有格后名词省 略 the doctors, the barbers, the tailors, my uncles 三
7、、随堂监测 A 组 I. 写出下列名词的复数形式： 1. house _ 2. village _ 3. map _ 4. orange _ 5. bag _ 6. exercise _ 7. brush _ 8. family _ 9. bus _ 10. city _ 11. box _ 12. baby _ 13. class _ 14. factory _ 15. gla
8、ss _ 16. dictionary _ 17. watch _ 18. woman _ 19. match _ 20. man _ 21. wish _ 22. German _ 23. tomato _ 24. policeman _ 25. kilo _ 26. human _ 27. potato _ 28. Chinese _ 29. shelf _ 30. Japanese _ 31
9、. leaf _ 32. American _33. life _ 34. tooth _ 35. wife _ 36. foot _ 37. knife _ 38. sheep _ 39. half _ 40. child _ II. 将下列词组译成英语： 1、一群孩子 2、两箱子苹果 3、三篮子蔬菜 &
10、nbsp;4、九块面包 5、十杯牛奶 6、五块肉 7、多种植物 8、一副眼镜 9、两块冰 10、三张纸 11、四瓶橘汁 12、五杯茶 13、六碗米饭
11、 14、七袋米 15、八块木头 16、九块豆腐 四、随堂监测 B 组 . 选择填空： 1. I want to buy _. A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks 2. They dont have to
12、 do _ today. A. much homework B. many homeworks C. many homework D. much homeworks 3. The _ of machine made us feel sick. A. voice B. noise C. sound D.
13、 noises 4. Excuse me, are you _? - Yes, Im from _. A. Japan, Japanese B. China, Chinese C. England, English D. American, America 5. There are three _ and seven _ in the picture. A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep
14、; C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps 6. June 1 is _. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 7. _ room is next to their parents. A. Kates and Joans B.
15、Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan 8. Miss Green is a friend of _. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mary mothers D. mothers of Mary 9. Tom is _. He will come to see me. A. my a frien
16、d B. a friend C. mine friend D. a friend of mine 10. Sheep _ white and milk _ also white. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D
17、. are, are 11. Id like to have a glass of milk and _. A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 12. Its a long
18、 _ to Paris. Its two thousand kilometers. A. street B. road C. way D. end 13. Many _ are singing over there. A. woman B. women &nbs
19、p; C. girl D. child 14. He bought _. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe 15. Mr. White has three _. A. child B. children
20、 C. childs D. childrens 16. Beijing is one of the biggest _ in the world. A. citys B. city C. cityes D. cities 17. - Wheres Mr. W
21、hite? - Hes in _. A. the room 202 B. Room 202 C. the Room 202 D. room 202 18. Shops, hospitals and schools are all _. A. places B. homes C. room
22、s D. buildings 19. Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office. A. 20 minutes walks B. 20 minutes walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk 20. -Are these _? - No, they arent. Theyre _. A. sheep, cow
23、s B. sheep, cow C. sheeps, cow D. sheeps, cows 21. There are many _ in the fridge. A. fish B. fruit C. eggs D
24、. bread 22. - Whose room is this? - Its _. A. Li Ming B. Li Mings C. Li Mings D. Li Mings 23. Here are _ for you, Sue. A. potatos B. some potatoes
25、; C. three tomatos D. some tomato 24. Here are some birthday cards with our best _ for her. A. wish B. hope C. wishes D. hopes 25. I always go to that _
26、 to buy food on Sunday. A. shop B. park C. zoo D. garden 26. Whats the Chinese for PRC? A. 中国人民解放军 B. 中华人民共和国 C. 联合国
27、 D. 中国共产党 27. Sam gave Ann some _ to look after Polly while he was away. A. picture-books B. inventions C. instructions D. messages 28. - Which of the following animals lives only in China? - The _. &n
28、bsp;A. monkey B. elephant C. panda D. cat 29. _ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lilys C. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys an
29、d Lilys 30. The third month of the year is _. A. March B. January C. February D. April 31. Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give me _. A. two orange B. two bottle of oranges &
30、nbsp; C. two bottles of orange D. two bottles of oranges 32. Its very cold today. Why dont you put on your _? A. watch B. shirt C. sweater D. glasses 33. I me
31、t some _ in the park and talked with them the other day. A. Janpaneses B. American C. Chineses D. English 34. _ is the best time for planting trees. A. Summer B. Win
32、ter C. Spring D. Autumn 35. Tom was badly hurt in the match. They carried him to the _ as quickly as possible. A. bank B. post office C. shop &
33、nbsp; D. hospital 36. There are two _ in the room. A. shelf B. shelfs C. shelfes D. shelves There are seven _ in a week. A. years &
34、nbsp; B. months C. days D. minutes 38. My father is a _. He works in a hospital. A. teacher B. doctor C. farmer &nbs
35、p; D. writer V. 各地中考题选编： 1. - Where is Tom? - Hes left a _ saying that he has something important to do. A. excuse B. message C. exercise D. news 2. There is no _ in the bus so we have
36、to wait for another bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. seats 3. - Would you like some _? - Oh, yes. Just a little. A. pears B. oranges &n
37、bsp; C. sugar D. apples 4. You can find the following INSTRUCTIONS on _. KEEP IN A COLD PLACE A. food B. money C. clothes D. books
38、5. Mr. Green has lived in the _ hotel since he came to China. A. five-star B. five-stars C. five stars D. five stars 6. She was born in Wuhan, but Beijing has become her second _. A. home &n
39、bsp; B. family C. house D. place 7. - Whats the _ today? - Its June 26. A. day B. date C. time
40、D. hour 8. English is spoken as a first language in _. A. the USA B. India C. Japan D. China 9. _ comes from cows. A. Wool B. Chicken &nb
41、sp; C. Pork D. Milk 10. Which of the following does paper burn in? A. 2 co B. 2 N C. 2 O D. 2 H 11. Let t
42、he children go away. Theyre making too much _ here. A. noise B. voice C. noisy D. sounds 12. _ comes from sheep and some people like eating it. A. Wool B. Po
43、rk C. Mutton D. Milk 13. - Oh, there isnt enough _ for us in the lift. - It doesnt matter, lets wait for the next. A. ground B. floor C. place
44、 D. room 14. _ is the biggest city in China. A. Beijing B. Shanghai C. Guangzhou D. Kunming 15. The Englishman Stephenson (史蒂芬孙), invented _. A.
45、the ship B. the car C. the plane D. the train 二二冠词冠词 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. 不定冠词的用法： 1 表示数量，有一的意思，但数的 概念没有 one 强烈（一般译为一） It has a round face. 2 指一类人或事，相当于 a kind of A plane is a machine t
46、hat can fly. My father is a driver. 3 表示“每一”相当于 every，one We study eight hours a day. Take the medicine three times a day. 4 用于固定词组中 a bit, in a hurry, have a walk, have a good time, after a while 5 a 用在辅音音素开头的词前 a book a useful book a u ju:sful ju: an 用于元音开头的词前. an
47、hour an F an honest man au ef II. 定冠词的用法： 1 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物 Give me the book. The book on the desk is mine. 2 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物 Where is the doctor? Would you mind opening the door? 3 再次提到上文提到过的人或事物 I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary
48、 is at home. 4 用在世界上独一无二的事物 The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun. 5 用在序数词和形容词最高级前 Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth. 6 用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。 The nurse is kind to the sick. the old, the young, the poor, the happy 7 在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的
49、名称前 the Changjiang River, the West Lake 8 在姓氏的复数名词前，表示夫妇二人或全家人 The Greens are sitting at the breakfast table. 9 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的 词组前 in the west, on the right, in the morning III. 零冠词的用法： 1 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名词前有 this, my, whose, some, no,
50、 each, every 等限制 I want this book, not that one. Whose purse is this? 3 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America. 5 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess. 6 与 by 连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land 7 以 and 连接的两个相对
51、的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 8 表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals. 三、随堂监测 A 组 I. 在下列句子的空格中填上适当的冠词，不需要的地方用/表示： 1. This is _ old map. It is _ useful map. 2. We have no classes in _ afternoon on _ Saturday. 3. _ spaceship flies at about eleven kilomet
52、ers _second. 4. Beijing is _ capital of _ China. It is _ beautiful city. 5. Roman was not built in _ day. 6. Chinese is quite _ difficult language for Mike. 7. Many _ students will take _ active part in sports meet. 8. There is _ interesting picture on _ wall. 9.
53、Jenny found _ wallet lying on _ground. _ wallet was Mr. Blacks. 10. Which is _ biggest, _ sun, _ moon, or _ earth? 11. - Which picture is more beautiful? - _one on _ left, I think. 12. - Which is _ way to _ hospital? - Go down this road and turn left on _ second crossing. &nb
54、sp;13. _ more, _ better. 14. _ Turners are sitting at breakfast table. 15. Joe Hill was _ fighter for _ working class. 16. When was _ Peoples Republic of China founded? 17. In China _ first English textbooks were published in _late nineteenth century. 18. After _ breakf
55、ast he went to _ school on _ foot. 19. _ Huanghe River lies in _ north of China. 20. He likes playing _ football. His sister likes playing _ piano. 四、随堂监测 B 组 III. 选择填空： 1. There is _ old woman in the car. A. / B. the C. a
56、 D. an 2. Shanghai is in _ east of China. A. / B. an C. the D. a 3. Bill is _ English teacher. He likes playing _ football. A. a, the B. an, the C. a, / D. /
57、, / 4. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _ hour to go there by _ bus. A. an, / B. an, a C. a, / D. /, / 5. The story is _ interesting. That means it is _ interesting story. A. an, the B. the, a.
58、 C. /, an D. /, a 6. Lets go for _ walk, shall we? A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. This is _ interesting story-book and it is also _ useful one. A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a, an
59、 8. _ woman over there is _ popular teacher in our school. A. A, an B. The, a C. The , the D. A, the 9. They passed our school _ day before yesterday. A. an B. one C. a D. the 10. Au
60、stralia is _ English-speaking country. A. a B. an C. the D. / 11. Dont play _ basketball here. Its dangerous. A. a B. an C. / D. the 12. This is _ apple. Its _ big apple. &
61、nbsp;A. an, a B. a, the C. a, an D. an, the 13. - Have you seen _ bag? I left it here just now. - Is it _ one on the chair near the door? A. a, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, a 14. I have
62、 _ blue coat. A. a B. an C. the D. some 15. This is _ orange. _ orange is on the table. A. a, The B. an, The C. an, An D. the, An 16. Have you had _ breakfast? A. a &n
63、bsp; B. an C. the D. / 17. He wondered when the doctor could finish _ operation. A. a B. an C. the D. any 18. After _ supper, he stayed at home and played _ violin. A. the, the &nb
64、sp; B. /, the C. /, a D. /, / 19. There is _ apple on the plate. A. a B. an C. the D. / 20. He said that he got _ C in the test. A. a B. an C. the
65、 D. / 21. _ new bridge has been built over _ Huangpu River. A. The, a B. A, / C. A, the D. An, an 22. English is _ useful language in _ world. A. an, the B. a, the C. the, the D. an, an 23. In the
