1、高中英语高中英语高一年级下册必修高一年级下册必修3外研外研2003课标版课标版 被动语态被动语态The Passive Voice底蓬初级中学底蓬初级中学 李玲李玲Love To Be Loved By You 是一首旋律是一首旋律优美的英文歌曲，演唱者是美国流行优美的英文歌曲，演唱者是美国流行歌手马克歌手马克特伦茨（特伦茨（Marc Terenzi）。）。2005年，年，Marc与与德国德国歌手莎拉歌手莎拉寇娜寇娜（Sarah Connor）结婚时，将这首歌结婚时，将这首歌作为爱的礼物献给妻子。作为爱的礼物献给妻子。Warming upTask 1 Fill the blank by the
2、 song Baby,tell me how can I tell you That I you more than life Show me how can I show you That Im by your light When you touch me I can touch you To find out the dream is true I to be loved I need to be I to be by youloveblindedlovelovedlovelovedSummary:Summary:主动 or or 被动？主动主动被动被动That I love you m
3、ore than lifeThat Im blinded by your light I love to be loved I need to be lovedI love to be loved by you一、被动语态的定义：一、被动语态的定义：语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。主语和谓语之间的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的 执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Mode l:Many people speak English.（主动语态）English is spoken by many people.（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成：二、
4、被动语态的构成：be+done（过去（过去分词）分词）.一般现在时：一般现在时：am is done are.一般过去时：一般过去时：was done were 3.现在完成时现在完成时:have been done has.4.现在进行时现在进行时:am is being done are5.一般将来时：一般将来时：will be done shall6.含有情态动词含有情态动词:can may must be done should have to三三.何时使用被动语态何时使用被动语态 1.不知道谁是动作的执行者不知道谁是动作的执行者:His bike was stolen.He was
5、wounded in the fight.2.没有必要指出动作的执行者时没有必要指出动作的执行者时:Paper is made from wood.Do you know when the building was built?3.需要强调动作的承受者时需要强调动作的承受者时:The bridge was built in 1990.This painting was painted by him.四、把主动句变为被动句的方法：在主四、把主动句变为被动句的方法：在主谓宾结构中谓宾结构中、把主动句的、把主动句的宾语宾语变为被动句的变为被动句的主语，主语，主动句的主语变为主动句的主语变为by 短语
6、短语（没必要时可（没必要时可省），如：省），如：Bell invented the telephone in 1876.The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.练习一练习一1.My mother made the soup.2.Uncle Wang will repair my computer.3.You must clean your room once a week.4.The boy broke the window.5.The workers are building a new bridge.The soup was made by m
7、y mother.My computer will be repaired by Uncle Wang.Your room must be cleaned once a week(by you).The window was broken by the boy.A new bridge is being built(by the workers).6.I can not find my dictionary.7.Do students learn English in the middle school?My dictionary can not be found by me.Is Engli
8、sh learned in the middle school by students?、在主谓双宾结构变为被动语态时，只、在主谓双宾结构变为被动语态时，只将其中一个宾语变为被动句中的主语，另一将其中一个宾语变为被动句中的主语，另一个宾语不变，如：个宾语不变，如：1)He told her a long story.宾宾 宾宾 a.She was told a long story.b.A long story was told to her.2)Mother bought me a new coat.宾宾 宾宾a.I was bought a new coat.b.A new coat wa
9、s bought for me.练习二练习二1.My parents bought me a bike.2.Have they paid you the money?3.He is telling us a funny story.4.Jack gave Jim a present.I was bought a bike by my parents.A bike was bought for me by my parents.A.Have you been paid the money?B.Has the money been paid to you?A.We are being told a
10、 funny story.B.A funny story is being told to us.Jim was given a present by Jack.A present was given to Jim by Jack.、“主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补”句型变为被句型变为被动结构时，只将句中的宾语变为被动动结构时，只将句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语，宾补不变。如：句中的主语，宾补不变。如：1)I found him lying on the floor.宾宾 宾补宾补 He was found lying on the floor.2)We call her Rose.宾宾 宾补宾补 She
11、 is called Rose.、在、在使役动词使役动词have,make,let以及以及感官动感官动词词see,notice,watch,hear等等后面跟动词后面跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定式符号不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加时，要加to。1)I often hear him sing.He is often heard to sing.2)They made the boy go to bed early.The boy was made to go to bed early.五、五、某些动词某些动词，
12、如，如sell,lock,wash,open,wear等，若等，若表示主语的性能时，表示主语的性能时，常用主动形式表示被动意义常用主动形式表示被动意义。用时特别要小心。用时特别要小心。、可和、可和well等连用的及物动词。等连用的及物动词。1)My pen writes well.我的笔好使。我的笔好使。2)The cloth washes well.这个料子耐洗。这个料子耐洗。3)The poem reads smoothly.这首诗读起来很流畅。这首诗读起来很流畅。、be +形形 to do sth.1)The story is interesting to read.2)The wine
13、 is nice to drink.、某些连系动词，某些连系动词，如如look,sound,smell,taste,feel 等等没有被动语态没有被动语态，常用其主动结构表示被常用其主动结构表示被动含义动含义。1)The flowers smell sweet.这这 花花 儿儿 很很 香香。2)The food tastes nice.这这 食食 物物 味味 道道 好好。、某些及物某些及物(短语短语)动词动词，如，如fit,equal,cost,wish,look like,belong to,last(持续持续),have(有有)，wish,let,take part in,break ou
14、t(爆发爆发),happen等等没有没有被动语态被动语态。1)I have two brothers.2)I didnt let him go home.练习三练习三1.He told us to wait for him at the school gate.2.We must keep the environment clean.3.Mother often makes me finish my homework first.4.We saw her go out of the school.5.I often hear him read English in the morning.We
15、 were told to wait for him at the school gate.The environment must be kept clean.I am often made to finish my homework first.She was seen to go out of the school.He is often heard to read English in the morning.Exercises一、将下列句子改为被动语态一、将下列句子改为被动语态1.Many people speak English in the U.S.A.English is sp
16、oken by many people in the U.S.A.2.I will finish the work soon.The work will be finished soon.3.He bought a bike.A bike was bought by him.4.You should do the work carefully.The work should be done carefully.5.They are watering the flowers.The flowers are being watered by them.6.We heard them sing in
17、 the next room.They were heard to sing(by us)in the next room.二、变下列句子为主动句（括号内有词的，用其二、变下列句子为主动句（括号内有词的，用其 作主语）作主语）1.Nobody was found in the room.(they)They found nobody in the room.2.A new bridge will be built next year.(they)They will build a new bridge next year.3.The bike must be mended.(Jack)Jack must mend the bike.4.Keys are used by people for locking doors.People use keys for locking doors.5.He is being operated on by the doctor.The doctor is operating on him.6.Children should be taken good care of.(we)We should take good care of children.Thank you!
