1、Discovering useful structures roller coaster, whichever, whatever, free-fall, wherever, southeastern, indoor, outdoor, craftsmen, old-fashioned, steam-engine, world-famous, horseback Read the compound words from the reading passage. 英语构词法英语构词法 (Word Formation) 英语一些常用的构词法英语一些常用的构词法: 1. 合成合成 (Compound
2、ing) 2. 转化转化 (Conversion) 3. 派生派生 (Derivation) 1. 合成合成(Compounding) 由两个或更多的词合成一个词由两个或更多的词合成一个词,有的用连字符有的用连字符 号”号”-”连接连接,有的直接连写有的直接连写 在一起在一起. wood(木木)cut(刻刻)woodcut(木刻木刻) man(人人)kind(种类种类)mankind(人类人类) air(空气，空中空气，空中)sick (恶心的，晕的恶心的，晕的) airsick (晕机的晕机的) merry-go-round 旋转木马旋转木马 up-to-date 最新的最新的 life-s
3、ize 与真人一般大与真人一般大 2. 转化转化(Conversion) 由一种词类转换成另一种词类。由一种词类转换成另一种词类。 （即一般拼写不变，但是词类发生了变化，（即一般拼写不变，但是词类发生了变化， 有时发音也变化）有时发音也变化） water n. 水水 - water v. 浇水浇水 dirty adj. 脏的脏的 - dirty v. 弄脏弄脏 He went in and sat down. The army downed a plane. 3.派生派生(Derivation) 由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。 1)后缀后缀(suf
4、fix) 名词后缀名词后缀 -or actor sailor -ist scientist -ment achievement movement -(a)tion preparation exception -y difficulty discovery 形容词后缀形容词后缀 -ful useful cheerful -able comfortable enjoyable -ed manned cultured -less careless fearless -ive active decisive -an European Indian 动词后缀动词后缀 -ize realize moder
5、nize -en widen strengthen 副词后缀副词后缀 -ly really extremely -ward backward eastward 数词后缀数词后缀 -teen fourteen fifteen -ty forty fifty -th ninth twelfth 2)前缀前缀(prefix) 一般不造成词类的转变，只是引起意思的变化。一般不造成词类的转变，只是引起意思的变化。 un- (不不, 或做相反动作或做相反动作) unhappy undo im- (不不) impossible impolite re- (重新重新) retell rewrite mis-
6、(错误的错误的) misunderstand 个别前缀会引起词类的变化个别前缀会引起词类的变化 en- endanger enlarge a- asleep awake 1.We shall carpet the room. 2. A group of policemen were stationed in the area after the explosion. 3. The car backed through the gate of the hall. 4. They decided to back his plan. 5. It was late at night that they
7、 topped the high mountain. 6. I cannot really picture such a kind man as a murderer. （v. 铺地毯）铺地毯） （v. 驻扎）驻扎） （v. 倒退、倒车）倒退、倒车） (v. 支持支持) （v. 登顶、到达）登顶、到达） （v. 想象）想象） 一、说出标颜色单词的词性及意义。一、说出标颜色单词的词性及意义。 7. They had to clear the snow from the street. 8. That African country has been freed from economic cri
8、sis. 9. Tian An Men Square is frequented by people from all walks of life. 10. You have wronged him by saying that he was dishonest. （v. 清扫）清扫） （v. 解脱、恢复）解脱、恢复） （v. 经常参观、光顾）经常参观、光顾） （v. 冤枉）冤枉） 1.The pilot always had a sense of _. He explained what had happened in a _ manner to make passengers feel b
9、etter. (humorous; humor) 2. I _ cant understand the _ French he spoke. (simple ; simply) 3.The work is important but rather boring. It needs _, so you must be very _. (patient; patience) 二、根据句义选择正确的单词填空。二、根据句义选择正确的单词填空。 humor humorous simply simple patience patient 1.That man was _ enough not to tel
10、l the manager that he would not do the job. A. care B. careful C. careless D. carelessness 2.The soldier died for saving the child, so his _ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death 3. The child looked _ at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B. sadness C. sadless D. sad B
11、D A 三、选择正确答案。三、选择正确答案。 4. The three _ chair isnt suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. legging B. legged C. legs D. leged 5. Stephenson became the _ railway engineer in the world. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership 6. When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem,
12、Jack looked _ about at his classmates. A. proud B. proudly C. pride D. pridely B C B 7. To everyones _, the girl finished the job quite well. A. surprised B. surprise C. surprising D. surpriser 8. He is an expert at physics. We all call him a _. A. physics B. physical C. physicist D. physician B C 9
13、. What are you doing here? Oh, my teacher asked me to write a passage about _ in English. You can write _ passage in English? A. 600 words；a 600-words B. 600-word；a 600-words C. 600 words；a 600-word D. 600 words；a 600-words C Homework 1. Finish the exercises in Discovering useful structures. 2. Finish the exercises in Using structures in Workbook.
