1、初中英语重要短语的用法及区别 1.on, in 和 with. (1).on:表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒,乘坐交通工具等; I dont want to talk about it on the phone. (2).in:使用语言文字等媒介; Can you speak it in English? (3.)with:借助具体的手段或工具。 Dont write it with a red pen. 2.at , on , in 三者都可以表示“在?的时候”。 ( 1) at:表示在哪个时刻用;表示时间点。 I get up at six o clock in the morning .
2、我早晨六点起床。 ( 2) On:表示在哪一天,哪一天的早上(下午、晚上); on Wednesday , on Sunday morning , on May I , on a cold morning in 1936 ( 3) in:表示在哪一年(季、月),在上午,下午等。 in September , in the morning , in the afternoon 3. spend, pay ,cost, take (1)Sb. Spend ? on sth. 某人花了?(时间、金钱)在某事上。 I spend ten yuan on the book. (2)spend (in)
3、doing sth. 某人花了?(时间、金钱)做某事。 She spent two hours in drawing the house. (3)Sb. pay ? for ? sth. 某人为某物花了?钱。 I paid 50 yuan for the clothes. (4)Sth. cost sb. ? 某物花了某人?钱。 It cost us five dollars. (5)It takes/took sb. ? to do sth. 花了某人?(时间、金钱)做某事。 It takes us ten minutes to brush my teeth every day. 4.too
4、 much, too many, much too too much + 不可数名词 too many + 可数名词 much too + 形容词、副词、 ( 1) There is too much milk in the basket. (2) She ate too many biscuits yesterday morning. (3) He runs much too quickly. (4) The chair is much too expensive. 5.not until little , a little. 虽然都表示“少”,但 few, a few 是可数的 , lit
5、tle, a little 是不可数的。 a few, a little 含肯定意味, few, little含否定意味。 (1) They have a little ink, dont they? 他们有一点墨水,是吗? (2)They have little ink, do they? 他们几乎没有墨水,是吗? (3)She has a few Chinese friends, doesnt she? 他有几位中国朋友,是吗? (4)She has few Chinese friends, does she?他几乎没有几位中国朋友 ,是开吗 (5)She has a little dog
6、.她有一只小狗。 7.must, have to must 表示说话人的主观看法;而 have to 则表示客观需要。 mustnt 意为 “不可以 ;不允许 “; don t have to意为 “不必 “。如 : (1)My father had to work when he was ten years old. (2)The play is not interesting. I really must go now. 8.after , in (1)After+时间段 表达过去一段时间以后,常用于过去时态的句子; I received the letter after two days
7、 . 我是两天以后收到这封信的。 (2)After+时间点 表示将来一段时间以后,用于将来时态的句子。 He will arrive after four oclock . (3)in+时间段 以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子。 You will receive the letter in three days . 你三天以后将收到这封信。 9.ago , before (1)ago 立足于现在,表示从现在起,若干时间之前; ago 通常与一般过 去时连用,不能与完成时连用; I met him three years ago .(距今)三年前,我遇到他。 (2)bef
8、ore 立足过去,表示从过去某一时刻起,若干时间以前。 before 通常与过去完成时连用。 I had met him three years before .(距当时)三年前我见到他一次。 10. alone, lonely alone 是表语形容词,只能作表语用。 Though I am alone, I am not lonely.虽然我孤独一人 ,但我并不感到寂寞 . lonely 除了有“孤独的”意思外,还有“寂寞的”意思。另外说明特点时还有“人迹稀少的”,“荒凉的”意思。 He was taken to a lonely house . 他被带到一个荒无人烟的房子内。 11. a
9、lso , either , too , as well also 用于肯定句 . You study English and I also study it.你学英语 .我也学 . either 用于否定句 ,并放在句尾; You dont study English and I dont study it either.你不学英语 ,我也不学 . too 和 as well 用于肯定句,放在句尾,多用于口语。例如: You are a student and I am a student , too . 你是学生,我也是。 You know the way and I know it as
10、 well . 你知道路,我也知道。 12. among , between between 表示“两者”之间 Do you know the difference between the two words ? 你知道这两个词有什么不同吗? among 表示“三者或三者以上之间。 He is the most energetic boy among them . 他是他们中间精力最饱满的孩子。 13. arrive , reach , get to 三者都有“到达”之意。 reach 为及物动词。 They reached Tianjin yesterday.昨天他们到达天津。 arrive 为不及物动词,后面接介词 in 或at。 get to 常用于口语,可代替前二者。 14. as , when , while When:可与一个点的时间或表示一段的时间连用,从句动词可以是短暂性或延