1、Correct the following mistakes. 1.1. There are a knife and some novels on the table.There are a knife and some novels on the table. 2.2. A box of eggs are on the table.A box of eggs are on the table. 3.3. His family is fond of music.His family is fond of music. 4.4. They each has a dictionary.They e
2、ach has a dictionary. 5.5. Coffee and milk are one of her favorite drinks.Coffee and milk are one of her favorite drinks. is is are have is 语法聚焦语法聚焦 主谓一致主谓一致 主谓一致主谓一致三三原则原则 1 1 形式一致形式一致 2 2 意义一致意义一致 3 3 就近一致就近一致 一、一、形形式式一一致致：主语为：主语为单数单数形式，谓语用形式，谓语用单数单数； 主语是主语是复数复数形式，谓语用形式，谓语用复数复数。 名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句名词
3、、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等充当等充当 主语时以及由主语时以及由and, both and连接并列主语时，连接并列主语时， 一般适用一般适用形式一致形式一致原则。原则。 练一练练一练 Someone _ waiting for you outside. Nodding head _ (mean) agreement. What you do _ different from what you say. Both rice and wheat _ (grow) in China. is means is are grownare grown 当主语是当主语是clothes, trousers,
4、 shorts, shoes, jeans, glasses, scissors, compasses 等只有复数形式的名词时，谓语动等只有复数形式的名词时，谓语动 词为词为复数复数形式。形式。 形式一致形式一致原则原则 “Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head. “Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im s
5、peaking to you.” Then he took _25_ off, gave a big smile and said “Thats cool .“ 2012年高考年高考 them and 连接的两个单数名词前若用连接的两个单数名词前若用each, every, no 修饰，该名词短语作主语时，谓语动修饰，该名词短语作主语时，谓语动 词用词用单数单数形式形式。但。但 each 作主语的同位语时，作主语的同位语时， 谓语动词由主语来决定，与谓语动词由主语来决定，与each无关。无关。 形式一致形式一致原则原则 No book and no pen _ (find) in the sc
6、hoolbag. Every boy and every girl _ (have) the right to receive education in our country. They each have a bike. was found has 集体名词、不定代词、疑集体名词、不定代词、疑 问代词、问代词、“the +the +形容词形容词” 充当主语时，适用充当主语时，适用 意义一致意义一致原则。原则。 二、二、意意义义一一致致：根据主语的具体意义：根据主语的具体意义 而定。而定。 集合名词集合名词 如：如：club, group, family, army, class (班级班级
7、), team, government, enemy, audience 等作主语等作主语, 如强调如强调总体总体就用就用单数单数； 如强调每个如强调每个个体个体就用就用复数复数。 练一练练一练 This group _ sitting at the breakfast table. This group _ stronger than that one. Our class _ just like a warm family. Our class _ listening to the teacher now. People People here _ very friendly. are a
8、re is is areare isis 意义一致意义一致原则原则 are are 意义一致意义一致 原则原则 表表总称总称的名词如的名词如 public, police, public, police, people, cattle, youth, the+adj.people, cattle, youth, the+adj. (指指 一类人时一类人时) 作主语，谓语用作主语，谓语用 _。 There _ a large number of cattlecattle on the farm. The richThe rich _ richer; the poor the poor _ poo
9、rer. areare areare areare 复数复数 不定代词不定代词如如 anyone, anything, everyone, everything, someone, somebody, something, no one, nobody, nothing或或each, every, either, neither, the other修饰主语时修饰主语时, 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数。 练一练练一练 SomeoneSomeone _ (want) to see you. There _ nobodynobody in the house. EachEach of them _
10、 an English dictionary. NeitherNeither answer _ correct. is is has has wantswants isis 意义一致意义一致原则原则 疑问代词和某些不定代词疑问代词和某些不定代词 如如 who, what 或或 all, none, the rest 等作主语等作主语时时，视其指代意义，视其指代意义 而定而定。 练一练练一练 WhatWhat he wants _ some books and a bedroom where he can live in. WhatWhat he wants _ enough money. Th
11、e restThe rest of the water there _ polluted. The restThe rest of magazines _ (sell) out within half an hour. were sold were sold was was areare isis 意义一致意义一致原则原则 由由andand连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用 复数复数形式，形式，但但andand所连接的并列主语是所连接的并列主语是同一人同一人， 同一事物，或概念同一事物，或概念时，谓语动词用时，谓语动词用单数单数。 例例 TheThe writ
12、er and teacher _ coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人作家和教师指同一个人) TheThe writer and thethe teacher _ coming. 作家和老师来了。作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人作家和老师是两个人) A A knife and fork _ on the table. 一套刀叉在桌子上。一套刀叉在桌子上。 意义一致意义一致原则原则 特殊情况特殊情况 isis areare isis a lot of/ lots of + 可数名词复数可数名词复数 + 谓语谓语_ a lot of/ lots of
13、+ 不可数名词不可数名词 + 谓语谓语_ Lots of money _ been used. a number of + 可数名词复数可数名词复数+ 谓语谓语_ the number of + 可数名词复数可数名词复数+ 谓语谓语_ The number of the students _ 58. has 复数复数 单数单数 复数复数 a large amount of + 不可数名词不可数名词 + 谓语谓语_ Large amounts of + 不可数名词不可数名词 + 谓语谓语复数复数 Large amounts of money _ been used. 单数单数 关于关于“数量”“
14、数量”的的主谓一致主谓一致 is 单数单数 have 分数分数, , 百分比百分比等短语后接名词作主语时，等短语后接名词作主语时，谓语谓语 的数的数依据名词的数依据名词的数而定。而定。 SevenSeven- -tenths oftenths of our earth _ covered by our earth _ covered by water.water. SevenSeven- -tenths oftenths of the students _ praised the students _ praised by the teacher. by the teacher. many a
15、+单数名词单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，作主语，意义虽为“许多”， 但但谓语要用谓语要用单数形式单数形式。 Many aMany a studentstudent _ been to Shanghai. _ been to Shanghai. more than one+单数名词单数名词作主语，作主语，谓语用谓语用单数单数。 More than oneMore than one studentstudent _ been to Beijing. _ been to Beijing. 关于关于“数量”“数量”的的主谓一致主谓一致 were is hashas hashas 三、三、就就近近一
16、一致致：谓语的人称和数与最近的主语保：谓语的人称和数与最近的主语保 持一致。持一致。 or ; either or ; neither nor ; not only but also ; whether or ; there 或或 here 引起的句子时，适用引起的句子时，适用就近一致就近一致原则。原则。 练一练练一练 Not onlyNot only I but alsobut also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one exam after another. He didnt say whetherwhether some English novels
17、 oror an English dictionary _ needed. are was 就就 远远 原原 则则 多个名词由介词多个名词由介词 along with, with, but, together with, like, including, as well as, rather than, in addition to 等连接而成主语，谓语只与该介词前的主语一致等连接而成主语，谓语只与该介词前的主语一致。 练一练练一练 My father together withtogether with us _ going to take part in the activity next
18、 week. You as well asas well as he _ to blame for the accident. is are 主语是主语是时间，价格，度量衡单位时间，价格，度量衡单位时，谓语一律时，谓语一律 为为单数单数。 主语是主语是news(新闻新闻) , politics(政治政治) , maths , physics(物理物理), plastics(塑料塑料)等名词谓语用等名词谓语用单数单数 专有名词，如国名，剧名，书名专有名词，如国名，剧名，书名时，谓语用时，谓语用单数单数 No news _ good news. Ten years _ not a long tim
19、e in a way. is is Great Expectations _ written by Charles Dickens in 1860. was 定语从句中，从句定语从句中，从句谓语应与先行词一致谓语应与先行词一致。 Tom prefers thosethose who _ careful, kind and helpful. 在在 one of + 复数复数 + 定语从句结构中，定语从句定语从句结构中，定语从句 谓语常用复数形式谓语常用复数形式; 但如但如 one 前有前有 the only, the less, the very 或最高级或最高级修饰时，定语从句修饰时，定语从句
20、 谓语该用谓语该用单数单数。 He is one ofone of the students who _ praised at the sports meeting. He is the only onethe only one of the students who _ praised at the sports meeting. are were was 1.1. 70 percent of the students in our class _ (be) girls. 2.2. Either he or you _ (be) interested in playing football
21、in our class. 3.3. Most of his time _ (spend) on computer games in the past. 4.4. Every man and every woman _ (ask) to help when the earthquake broke out. 5.5. At present the police _ (look) for the lost boy whose trousers _ (be) blue. are are was spent was asked are looking are 就近就近 6.6. He as well
22、 as his two friends _ (be) going for a picnic this Saturday. 7.7. The football team _ (be) made up of 22 players and the team _ (be) students. 8.8. According to the report, three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ (be) good for ones health. 9.9. Physics _ (be) difficult to learn and every means _ (t
23、ry) to improve it. 10.10. The professor, with 8 of his students, _ (visit) a farm when the earthquake happened. is is are is is has been tried was visiting 就远就远 就远就远 1.1. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 (result) in the contrary to our intention. (2008年高考年高考) 2.2. “Your father has
24、 at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 40 (inform). 3.3. and then I noticed a man sitting at the front. He 19 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. (2011年高考年高考) 4.4. The dinosaur _38_ (force) to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal needing less space and food. (2010年广州一模年广州一模) 5.5. We _18_（tell）that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week (2014年高考年高考) 考考题题回回顾顾 results was informed was pretending was forced were told (2009年高考年高考) Practice makes perfect!
