1、Lesson 60 Too early and too late LingWhy did the young girl miss the train?uBecause the only one she wanted to catch was a mail train,not a passenger train.What kinds dangers might occur when one set out to keep an appointments?uThe dangers are unforseen accidents such as punctures,traffic diversion
2、s,fog and so on.Why did the authors family ask some guests to come half an hour later than others invited for the same day?uBecause so that they would arrive on time(and not half an hour earyly!)Why,according to the author,is it better to choose to wait on the platform before the train arrives than
3、to be forced to wait after it has gone.uBecause you will avoid being frustrated.punctualityruraldisregardintellectualabstrusecoordinatereproachNew words and expressionspuncturediversiontrialfractionflourishmicroscopicadamantNew words and expressionspunctuality n.准时punctual adj.(=on time)be in doingb
4、e to the minute 非常守时intellectual n.知识分子 adj.智力的；脑力的；有才智的 curiosity 求知欲 worker 脑力劳动者 property 知识产权*patent n.&adj.&v.专利（的）；获得专利intellectualism n.唯理智论abstruse adj.（过于）深奥的，高深的e.g-数学既有深奥的理论，又有精密的计算。-Maths is a mix of theory and detailed calculations.diversion n.改道，绕道；转向，转移e.g-a river diversion project 河流
5、改到工程 转移视线（或注意力）的事物e.g-A smoke bomb created a diversion while the robbery took place.-劫案发生时，一枚烟雾弹转移了人们的视线。BrE 临时绕行AmE:detourtrial n.（法院的）审讯；on trial 受审will stand trial/go on trial 将受到审判be brought to trial 被送交（法院）审判come to trial 开庭审理e.g-Hes on trial for murder.他因涉嫌谋杀而受审。e.g-Jaycee Chan,the son of kung
6、 fu movie star Jackie Chan,will stand trial on Friday on a drugs charge,media reported on Tuesday,the latest in a serious of minor celebrities accused of narcotice offences.-CNN Newstrial n.（对能力、质量、性能等的）试验，试用e.g-The new medicine is undergoing clinical trials.-这种新药正在进行临床试验。BrE 预赛 AmE tryout令人伤脑筋的事；惹麻
7、烦的人；考验e.g-她有时让她的家人伤透了脑筋。-She was a sore trial to her family at times.idiom：(by)trial and error（通过）反复试验；不断摸索fraction n.很小一点儿；碎片；分数a fraction ofe.g-She hesitated for the merest fraction of a second.-她略微犹豫了一下。fraction 分数flourish n.（为引起注意的）夸张动作；给人印象深刻的行动；（讲话或文章的）华丽辞藻e.g-He opened the door for her with f
8、lourish.-他做了一个夸张的动作为她开了门。e.g-The season ended with a flourish for Owen,when he scored in the final minute of the match.-欧文以一个惊人之举结束了这个赛季，他在比赛的最后一分钟进了球。e.g-a speech full of rhetorical flourishesflourish v.繁荣；昌盛；兴旺e.g-在目前的经济气候下，很少有企业兴旺发达。-Few businesses are flourishing in the present economic climate.
9、v.茁壮成长；健康幸福e.g-这些植物在潮湿的气候下长势茂盛。-These plants flourish in a damp climate.e.g-Im glad to hear youre all flourishing.-听说你们都健康幸福，我感到很高兴。-especially BrEmicroscopic adj.微小的microscope 显微镜microfilm 微缩胶卷microwave ovenMicrosoftadamant adj.坚定的，不动摇的-If you are adamant，nothing can make you give up.同：strong-minde
10、d/firm贬：obstinate/stubbornClose your book and listen again.Text:Punctuality is a necessary habit in all public affairs of a civilized society.Without it,nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion;everything would be in a state of chaos.nothing和everything平行结构，增强语言表现力These days,advertisers not only
11、 offer free samples,but free cars,free houses,and free trips round the world as well.(Lesson26,Line9)平行结构分：词汇平行、短语平行和从句平行；可表达句子的各种成分e.g-Knowing how to study and learning how to budget time are important for college studentse.g-Galileo studied，taught and experimentede.g-Politicians today face the dif
12、ficult tasks of solving the urban problems and finding the money without raising taxes.e.g-The professor has no doubt that it is wrong to overtax the bright，efficient high salary-earner.e.g-To support his family and to put himself through college，he worked seven hours a day.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语定语定语状语状语译：-世界
13、在倾听，世界在注视，世界在等待着我们做些什么。-The world listens,The world watches,The world waits to see what we will do.Only in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard it.disregard v./n.不顾，无视；漠视，不尊重(in)of/fore.g-He disregarded my advice.他无视我的忠告。e.g-这男孩因学习不用功而不及格。-The boys of his studies led to h
14、is failure.e.g-他无视我的指示擅自做了.-He did it in of my instructions.e.g-入侵那个小国是对弱小民族的不尊重。-The invasion of the small country was a for weaker people.In ordinary living there can be some tolerance of unpunctuality.The intellectual,who is working on some abstruse problem,has everything coordinated and organize
15、d for the matter in hand.coordinate v.协调/n.坐标 with 与协调e.g-They appointed a new manager to the work of the team.-为协调这个队的工作，他们任用了一位新经理。coordinated adj.同等的coordination n.for the matter in hand.手头的事情，正在处理中的事情e.g-I havent have any money in hand.e.g-事情已在进行中了，而且很快会完成。-The work is in hand and will be comple
16、ted soon.He is therefore forgiven,if late for a dinner party.But people are often reproached for unpunctuality when their only fault is cutting things fine.reproach v.sb for sth/doing sth sb with sth/with doing sthn.to sb/sth（给.）带来羞辱的人（或事）e.g-这样的生活条件是我们这个社会的耻辱。-Such living conditions are reproach to
17、 our society.beyond 无可指责【辨】blame 一般的责难、归咎，不含语言责骂reproach 侧重因他人粗心、自私而指责scold上级对下级、长辈对后辈态度粗暴、言辞激烈的责备condemn 表谴责，较正式.is cutting things fine.cut v.旷课；缺课；逃学e.g-Hes always cutting class.-他总是旷课。v.（几何学中）一条线与另一条线相交e.g-The line cuts the circle at two points.cut it/things fine 算得精确e.g-You would be cutting thin
18、gs fine if you start only one hour before the train departs.Just think of the heavy traffic at this hour of the day.-你在火车开动前一小时才起身，时间太紧了，现在这个时间段正值交通高峰。e.g-Lets prepare more bread and not cut it too fine.All these boys are big eaters.-我们还是多准备一些面包的好，这些孩子胃口都很大，万一不够就不好了。e.g-她喜欢掐时间，总是最后一刻才到。-She likes to
19、 cut it rather fine and always turns up at the last minute.It is hard for energetic,quick-minded people to waste time,so they are often tempted to finish a job before setting out to keep an appointment.appointment n.约定；任命，委派make an (with sb)约某人have an (with sb)和某人有约arrange an (with sb)keep/break one
20、s with sb.恪守/违背 If no accidents occur on the way,like punctured tyres,diversions of traffic,sudden descent of fog,they will be on time.puncture v.在.上扎孔；刺破e.g-她肋骨(rib)骨折、肺部刺穿，被送往医院。-She was taken to the hospital with broken ribs and a punctured lung.v.使突然泄气；挫伤（锐气等）e.g-to sbs confidence n.BrE 刺破了的/漏气了
21、的轮胎e.g-I had a puncture on the way and arrived late.*AmE:a flat tyre 漏气的轮胎acupuncture 针灸.sudden descent of fog,they will be on time.descent n.下降；下倾e.g-The plane began its descent to Heathrow.-飞机开始向希思罗机场降落。n.斜坡；坡道e.g-There is a gradual descent to the sea.-有一片斜坡缓缓延伸到海边。n.血统；祖籍；出身e.g-He traces his line
22、 of descent from the Sturat kings.-他的家族可追溯到斯图亚特王朝。descend v.several bus loads of tourists descended on the town.They are often more industrious,useful citizens than those who are never late.The over-punctual can be as much a trial to others as the unpunctual.the+adj 形容词名词化The poor get poorer;the ric
23、h get richer.穷人更穷，穷人更穷，夫人更富。夫人更富。She was always good with the unfortunate.她一向她一向善待不幸的人。善待不幸的人。Fortune favors the brave.（谚）命运青睐勇者。（谚）命运青睐勇者。The injured were immediately taken to hospital.伤伤者被立即送往医院。者被立即送往医院。These provide shelters for the homeless.这些无家这些无家可归的人提供了栖身之处。可归的人提供了栖身之处。The guest who arrives
24、half an hour too soon is the greatest nuisance.half an hour too soon=half an hour earliernuisance n.麻烦事；讨厌的人（或东西）e.g-I hope youre not make making a of yourself.-我希望你没有讨人嫌。e.g-我不想讨人嫌，你要是想一个人呆着就说一声。-I dont want to be a nuisance so tell me if you want to be alone.n.妨害行为e.g-He was charged with causing a
25、 public.-他被控妨害公共利益罪。If you are catching a train,it is always better to be comfortably early than even a fraction of a minute too fortably 充裕地e.g-I beat my opponent comfortably.-以明显优势大胜对手。Although being early may mean wasting a little time,this will be less than if you miss the train and have to wait
26、 an hour or more for the next one;and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the very moment when the train is drawing out of the station and being unable to get on it.An even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train and still to see it go off without you.in good time=at
27、the appropriate timeSuch an experience befell a certain young girl the first time she was travelling alone.befall(used only in the third person)sth bad happen to sbe.g-他们并不知道即将降临到他们头上的厄运。-They were unaware of the fate that was to befell them.She entered the station twenty minutes before the train wa
28、s due,since her parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause the friends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her.due adj 由于；预计，预期；到期(especially NAmE)to sth/sbe.g-Most of the problems were due to human error.-多数的问题都是人为错误造成的。e.g-Whens the b
29、aby due?-Rose is due to start school in January.e.g-My papers due next Friday.Check outDuerenewOverduePay the fineReturnShe entered the station twenty minutes before the train was due,since her parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause the friends with whom sh
30、e was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her.due adj 由于；预计，预期；到期(especially NAmE)to sth/sbe.g-Most of the problems were due to human error.-多数的问题都是人为错误造成的。e.g-Whens the baby due?-Rose is due to start school in January.e.g-My papers due next Friday.idiom:in/within due course 在适当的时候；到一定的时候.had
31、 impressed upon her that.impress upon sb that.再三叮嘱某人.=repeat sth to make sb be aware of ite.g-他再三叮嘱我准时的重要性。-He impressed upon me the importance of puncturality.She gave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket.To her horror he said that she was two hours too soon.She felt in her handbag for
32、 the piece of paper on which her father had written down all the details of the journey and give it to the porter.feel v.（用手、足等）摸索，寻找，探索e.g-He felt in his pockets for some money.e.g-他在黑暗中摸索着寻找点灯开关。He felt in the dark for the light switch.feel as if/as though 感到好像.NAmE:feel likee.g-He felt as if hed
33、run a marathon.-He felt like hed run a marathon.idom&Phr.v.feel(it)in ones bones(that.)本能感到.feel like sth/doing sth 想要某物；想做某事feel for sb 同情（某人）He agreed that a train did come into the station at the time on the paper and that it did stop,but only to take on mail,not passengers.The girl asked to see
34、a timetable,feeling sure that her father could not have made such a mistake.take on 决定做；承担责任；接纳（乘客）；装载（货物）The porter went to fetch one and arrived back with the stationmaster,who produced it with a flourish and pointed out a microscopic o beside the time of the arrival of the train at his station;th
35、is little o indicated that the train only stopped for mail.Just as that moment the train came into the station.The girl,tears streaming down her face,begged to be allowed to slip into the guards van.But the stationmaster was adamant:rules could not be broken.And she had to watch that train disappear towards her destination while she was left behind.Punctuality is one of the cornerstones of success.What do you think?Topics for discussionTell us about a time when you have been too early or too late for something.Close your book and listen again.单词背诵课后习题听抄（第二、三段）HomeworkTHE END
