1、考点精讲十一八年级(下)Units 12重点词汇拓展1.stomachache n.stomach n.胃2.foot n.feet(复数形式)3.lie v.lying(现在分词)lay(过去式)lain(过去分词)4.hurt v.hurting(现在分词)hurt(过去式/过去分词)5.herself prep.themselves她们自己6.hit v.hitting(现在分词)hit(过去式/过去分词)7.knife n.knives(复数形式)8.mean v.meaning n.意思meant(过去式/过去分词)9.important adj.importance n.重要性;重
2、要more important(比较级)10.decision n.decide v.决定11.death n.die v.死dead adj.死的;死亡的dying adj.要死的12.feeling n.feel v.感觉;感到felt(过去式/过去分词)13.satisfaction n.satisfy v.满意satisfied adj.满意的14.broken adj.break v.坏;打破broke(过去式)broken(过去分词)15.difficulty n.difficult adj.困难的16.interest n./v.interested adj.感兴趣的intere
3、sting adj.有趣的17.understand v.understood(过去式/过去分词)misunderstanding adj.误解的重点短语归纳1.Whats the matter怎么了2.have a cold感冒3.clean up打扫干净4.lie down躺下5.take ones temperature量体温6.have a fever发烧7.take breaks休息8.get off下车9.to ones surprise使惊讶的10.right away/at once立即;马上11.get into陷入;参与22.put off推迟23.call up打电话给2
4、4.used to曾经25.care for照顾;非常高兴26.try out试用;参加选拔27.fix up修理;装饰28.give away赠送29.take after(外貌或行为)像30.set up建立;设立31.make a difference影响,有作用12.be used to习惯于13.take risks冒险14.run out(of)用尽;耗尽15.cut off切除16.get out of离开,从出来17.be in control of掌控;管理18.give up放弃19.cheer up使高兴起来20.hand/give out分发e up with想出;提出
5、重点句型回顾1.Whats the matter with Ben?Ben怎么了?He hurt himself.He has a sore back.他伤了自己,他背痛。2.He should lie down and rest.他应该躺下休息。3.What should she do?她该做什么?She should take her temperature.她该量体温。4.But when his water ran out,he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.但当他用完水时,他知道他必须采取措施
6、挽救自己的生命。5.She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.她决定参加一个志愿者课余阅读组织的选拔。6.The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.女孩可以看望医院里生病的孩子让他们高兴起来。7.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们给我讲过去的故事及过去的情况。8.Im similar to her.我与她长的像。9.
7、A friend of mine helped me out.我的一个朋友帮我走出困境。语法精要1.情态动词:should与shouldnt,could;2.反身代词;3.不定式作宾语,状语和宾语补足语;4.提建议。hurt v.(使使)疼痛疼痛;受伤受伤(1)作不及物动词,意为“(身体部位)疼痛”,使用时用疼痛的具体部位作主语。eg:My stomach hurts.我的胃痛。(2)作及物动词,后直接跟宾语,意为“使受伤”。eg:He fell off a tree and hurt his legs.他从树上掉下来摔伤了腿。【拓展拓展】hurt也作形容词,意思是“受伤的”,be hurt=
8、get hurt受伤。trouble n.&v.苦恼苦恼;麻烦麻烦;打扰打扰作名词,意为“问题;苦恼”。其常用结构为:have trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难;get into trouble造成麻烦(或烦恼);Whats the trouble with sb.?=Whats the matter/wrong with sb.?某人怎么了?【拓展拓展】还可作动词,意为“麻烦;打扰”。eg:Im sorry to trouble you.对不起打扰你了。miss(1)作名词,意为“女士;小姐”,位于姓的前面,用于对未婚女性的称呼。eg:Miss Zhang张小姐。(2)
9、作动词,意为“怀念;思念”,后直接跟宾语。eg:miss my grandpa想念我爷爷。(3)作动词,意为“错过;未赶上”。eg:Bill missed the bus this morning.今天上午比尔没赶上公共汽车。raise(1)raise意为“筹集”,短语raisefor意为“为筹集”。如:He is raising money for the charity.他正在为慈善事业募捐。(2)raise意为“举起;抬起;提高”。如:He raised his head and looked at me.他抬起头看着我。(3)raise意为“种植;饲养;养育”。如:The farmer
10、 raised many sheep.这个农民养着许多羊。His parents died early.He is raised by his grandparents.他的父母去世得早,他由爷爷奶奶养育。【助记图片助记图片】Whats the matter?怎么了怎么了?此句相当于“Whats wrong/the trouble?”,用于询问别人发生了什么事或遇到了什么麻烦。常与介词with连用,即:“Whats the matter/wrong with sb.?”。【拓展拓展】Whats the matter?=Whats wrong?=Whats up?=Whats the troub
11、le?=Whats happened?The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.女孩女孩可以看望医院里生病的孩子并使他们振奋起来。可以看望医院里生病的孩子并使他们振奋起来。(1)sick作形容词,意为“有病的;患病的”。既可作表语,又可作定语。【拓展拓展】ill作形容词,也意为“有病的”,但ill一般用作表语,不作定语,故ill不能位于名词前修饰名词。(2)cheer up是“动词+副词”结构的动词短语,意为“(使)变得更高兴;振奋起来”,相当于make sb.happier。【注意注意】不定式to
12、cheer them up在句中作目的状语。We have problems breathing on the mountain.在山上我们呼吸有困难在山上我们呼吸有困难。have problems/trouble/difficulty做很费力/有困难类似的有:have fun doing sth.乐于做As a mountain climber,Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯了冒险。阿伦习惯了冒险。be/get used to sth./doing sth.习惯于某物/做某事。eg:The foreigner is used
13、to the food in china.那个外国人已经习惯了中国的食物。【辨析辨析】used to do sth.,be used to do sth.与be used to doing sth.(1)used to do sth.过去常常做(2)be used to do sth.被用来做(3)be used to doing sth.习惯于做Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions,and of being in control of ones life.阿伦讲述了作出好的决定和掌握生命的重要性。阿伦讲述了作出好的决定和掌
14、握生命的重要性。(1)tell of 讲述.eg:He told of his experiences.他讲述了他的经历。(2)the importance of sth./doing sth./做的重要性,此处的importance为名词,其形容词为important。(3)be in control of.掌管,管理.alone,lonely(1)alone可以作形容词或副词,意为“单独地(的);孤独地(的)”,相当于by oneself;意思是“独自一人”、“没有同伴或助手”,表示客观情况。She lives alone in the village.她独自一人生活在那个村庄里。(2)l
15、onely只用作形容词,带有感情色彩,形容因失去朋友、缺乏友爱和帮助而感到寂寞、甚至悲哀。作表语,意为“孤单的,孤独的”。He feels lonely.他感到孤独。作前置定语,修饰表示处所的名词,意为“荒凉的,偏僻的”。The old man lives in a lonely mountain village.这位老人住在一个偏僻的山村。考点精讲十二八年级(下)Units 34重点词汇拓展1.sweep v.swept(过去式)2.throw v.threw(过去式)thrown(过去分词)3.lend v.lent(过去式)4.develop v.development n.发展5.il
16、l adj.illness n.疾病6.fair adj.unfair(反义词)7.drop v.dropped(过去式)municate munication n.交流9.clear v./adj.clearly adv.清晰地pete petition n.竞争11.usual adj.unusual(反义词)12.quick adj.quickly adv.快地重点短语归纳1.take out the rubbish倒垃圾2.all the time反复3.as soon as一就4.in order to为了5.depend on依靠;信赖6.take care of照顾7.Whats
17、 wrong?哪儿不舒服?8.look through浏览9.big deal重要的事10.work out解决11.get on with和睦相处12.cut out删除parewith比较14.in ones opinion依看重点句型回顾1.Could I go out for dinner with my friends?我能和朋友们一起出去吃晚餐吗?Sure,that should be ok.当然,那应很好。2.Could we get something to drink after the movie?在电影之后,我们能要一些喝的吗?No,you cant.You have a
18、 basketball game tomorrow.不,你们不能。明天你们有一场篮球赛。3.Could you please take the dog for a walk?你能带狗去散步吗?OK,but I want to watch one show first.好,但我想先看一个表演。4.Could you please take out the rubbish.你能倒垃圾吗?Yes,sure.是的,当然。5.You look tired,whats the matter!你看起来疲惫,怎么了?I studied until midnight last night,so I didnt
19、get enough sleep.昨晚我学习直到午夜,因此我睡眠不足。6.Although shes wrong,its not a big deal.尽管她错了,那不是重要的事。7.He should talk to his friends so that he can say hes sorry.他应该与他的朋友交谈,这样一来他能说对不起。8.Maybe you could go to his house.或许你去他家。I guess I could,but I dont want to surprise him.我想我能,但我不想让他吃惊。语法精要1.用could请求许可并作礼貌回复;2
20、.why dont you句型提建议;3.连词until,so that和although的运用。while n.&conj.与与同时同时;然而然而;可是可是;一会儿一会儿(1)while作连词时,意思是“当时”,常指一段时间,而不可指具体时间点,引导从句中谓语动词是延续性动词,谓语常用进行时态,如:The bell rang while we were watching TV.当我们看电视时,门铃响了。(2)作“然而,可是”讲,表示两种情况对比.如:Boys like doing sports while girls like dancing 男孩子喜欢运动而女孩子喜欢跳舞.【拓展拓展】wh
21、ile作名词时,意思是“一会儿”;如You can have a rest for a while.你可以休息一会waste n,v.&adj.waste动词浪费You cant waste time.名词垃圾;废物Its a waste of time.形容词废弃的Wheres the waste paper?return 及物动词归还You should return it soon.你应尽快归还它。不及物动词返回When will you return to China.你将什么时候回中国。Could you please sweep the floor?请你扫地好吗请你扫地好吗?Cou
22、ld you please do sth.?是表示请求的交际用语,意为“请你好吗?”,其否定形式为Could you please not do sth.?请你不要做某事好吗?(1)表示请求时,可以用can,may,could,might。这时的could,might不表示过去时态,只是在语气上比用can,may更委婉。(2)其肯定答语可用“Yes,sure./Certainly./OK./No problem.”等。否定答语可用“Sorry,I cant./Sorry,Im afraid not./Sorry,Id love to but I have to”There is no need
23、 for them to do it now.对于他们来说没必要现在就干这件事。对于他们来说没必要现在就干这件事。句中的need为名词.there is(no)need for sb.to do sth.对于某人来说(没)有必要做eg:There was need for us to take the books with us.对于我们来说带上那些书本是有必要的。The earlier kids learn to be independent,the better it is for their future.孩子孩子们学会独立越早们学会独立越早,对他们的未来越有好处。对他们的未来越有好处。
24、(1)the+比较级,the+比较级越越eg:The more,the better.多多益善。(2)“比较级+and+比较级”,表示“越来越”。如:越来越冷colder and colder。(3)“more and more+原级”用于多音节形容词、副词的比较级,如:越来越美丽more and more beautiful。Why dont you go to sleep earlier this evening?今晚你为什么不早点睡呢今晚你为什么不早点睡呢?(1)“Why dont you do sth.?”是提建议的常用的表达方式,相当于“Why not do sth.?”。Why d
25、ont you have a look?(2)go to sleep意为“入睡”,指由醒着到入睡的过程,强调动作,而fall asleep 意为“睡着”,强调状态。I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.昨天我发现我妹妹昨天我发现我妹妹在看我的东西。在看我的东西。(1)find意为“发现”,其常用结构为:find sth.+adj.发现;find it+adj.+to do sth.发现做某事;find sb.doing sth.发现某人在做某事。【注意注意】find还可意为“找到”,强调结果。(2)look through意
26、为“浏览”。1.borrow,lend,keep单词意义常见搭配borrow借(进)borrow sth.from sb.向某人借某物Lend借(出)lend sb.sth.=lend sth.to sb.借给某人某物keep保留,引申为“借用”“sb.keep sth.+时间段”表示“某人借某物多长时间”,也可与how long连用2.instead,instead ofnstead作副词,常位于句首或句尾。instead of为固定短语,意为“代替;而不是”,后接名词、代词或动名词,相当于rather than.eg:He stayed at home instead of going t
27、o the zoo.他待在家里而不是去了公园。考点精讲十三八年级(下)Units 56重点词汇拓展1.begin v.began(过去式)begun(现在分词)2.heavily adv.heavy adj.重的3.strange adj.stranger n.陌生人4.wind n.windy adj.多风的 5.match n./v.matches(复数)6.beat v.beaten(过去分词)7.falling adj.fall v.摔倒;落下8.rise v.rose(过去式)9.icy adj.ice n.冰pletely plete adj.完全的11.silence n.sil
28、ent adj.安静的12.truth n.true adj.真实的 truthful adj.诚实的;真实的 13.shoot v.shot(过去式)14.hide v.hid(过去式)15.excite v.excited adj.激动的exciting adj.令人激动的16.western adj.west n.西方,西方的17.marry v.married(过去式)18.wife n.wives(复数)19.shine v.shone(过去式)20.bright adj.brightly adv.明亮地21.lead v.led(过去式)重点短语归纳1.go off发出响声2.pi
29、ck up接电话3.fall asleep进入梦乡4.die down逐渐变弱5.have a look看一看6.make ones way前往7.in silence沉默8.take down拆除;记录9.at first首先10.a little bit有点儿11.instead of代替;反而12.turninto变成 13.once upon a time从前14.fall in love爱上15.get married结婚16.wait for等待17.give up放弃18.one of其中之一重点句型回顾1.What were you doing at eight last ni
30、ght?在昨晚八点你在干什么?I was taking a shower.我在洗澡。2.When it began to rain,Ben was helping his mom make dinner.当开始下雨时,本在帮妈妈做晚餐。3.While Linda was sleeping,Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.当琳达在睡觉时,简尼在帮玛丽做家庭作业。4.Once upon a time,there was a very old man.从前,有一个老人5.What happened next?接下来发生了什么?6.Because th
31、ey were so big that it took a long time to walk to other side.因为他们如此大以至于步行到对面花了很多时间。7.He cannot turn himself into a person unless he can hide his tail.如果他不能藏起他的尾巴,他不能把自己变成一个人。8.As soon as the man finished talking,Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died.那个人一讲完话
32、,愚公就说他的家人将在他死后继续移山。语法精要 1.过去进行时的运用;2.连词when,while,unless,as soon as和sothat的运用。against prep.反对反对(1)反对;对不利,如:They are against the plan.他们反对这项计划。(2)倚;靠,如:The man is standing against the wall.那个人靠墙站着。(3)碰;撞,如:The rain beat against the windows.大雨剧烈地拍打着窗户。【拓展拓展】常见的与against有关的短语:play againstat与进行比赛fight ag
33、ainst与作斗争marry v.嫁嫁,娶娶(1)marry多作及物动词,意为“结婚,嫁,娶”,后面直接跟宾语。如:She married a doctor.她和一位医生结了婚。(2)marry作及物动词,意为“把嫁给”。如:He married his daughter to a driver.他把他的女儿嫁给了一位司机。(3)marry作不及物动词,意为“结婚”。如:He didnt marry until fifty.他直到五十岁才结婚。(4)marry不与with搭配。与某人结婚可以用be/get married to sb.。如:She got married to a doctor
34、 years ago.几年前,她与一个医生结婚了。(5)marry是一个瞬间性动词,不与一段时间连用。如果要说结婚多久了要用be married。When he woke up,the sun was rising.当他醒来时当他醒来时,太阳正在升起。太阳正在升起。(1)rise意为“增加;提高;增强;升起”,其过去式和过去分词为rose;risen后面不跟宾语,而raise也有“升起,举起”之意,但是后面一定要跟宾语。eg:The river has risen a lot.河水上涨了很多.You should raise your hands when you know the answe
35、r.当你知道答案时,应该举起手。(2)wake up意为“醒来,睡醒”,wake 的过去式和过去分词分别为woke;woken。【辨析辨析】wake与awake(1)wake为动词,wake up意为“睡醒,醒来,”如果后有宾语,则表示“叫醒/吵醒某人”,但宾语若是代词必须放在wake与up中间。eg:She usually wakes up at six pm.她通常早上六点醒来。Dont wake him up.Hes too tired.别吵醒他,他太累了。(2)awake是形容词,意为“醒着的”,常放在系动词keep,stay,be之后,用作表语,其反义词为asleep。Look!Th
36、e baby is awake.看!那个婴儿醒着。And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago,Western children became interested in reading this story.30多年多年前这个电视节目一播放前这个电视节目一播放,西方的孩子就对看这个故事感兴趣。西方的孩子就对看这个故事感兴趣。(1)come out在此意为“被播放”。come out还可意为“被出版;出来;(花)开等”。(2)more than=over意为“超过;多余”。(3)as soon as意为“一就”,引导
37、条件状语从句。在句中常用一般现在时,表将来时,eg:Ill call you as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就给你打电话。(4)be/become interested in sth./doing sth.对(做)什么感兴趣。The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest,the whole family would die.妻子告诉她的丈夫妻子告诉她的丈夫,如果不如果不把孩子们留在森林里把孩子们留在森林里,让他们死在那儿的话让他们死在那儿的话,全家人都
38、会饿死的。全家人都会饿死的。(1)在宾语从句中,如果主句是一般过去式,从句应用过去的某种时态,eg:He said he would go there by bus.他说他将乘公共汽车去那儿。(2)leave意为“留下;把留下”。其常用短语:leave one by oneself把某人单独留下。【拓展拓展】(1)leave作动词,意为“离开”。leave sp.意为“离开某地”;leave for sp.意为“动身去某地”。(2)leave作动词,意为“遗忘”。eg:I left my pen at home.我把钢笔忘在家里了。1.when,while共同点都可以引导时间状语从句,意为“当
39、的时候”不同点when所引导从句中的动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性(终止性)动词,从句中时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时while所引导从句中的谓语动词常用延续性动词,主从句动作若同时发生则主从句都用进行时态eg:The door bell rang while we were watching TV.当我们看电视时,门铃响了。When my mother came back,I was doing my homework.我母亲回来时,我在做作业。2.a little bit,a little,a bit,a few功能用法a little bit所表示的程度弱些修饰形容词,不可修饰
40、名词a little所表示的程度强些修饰形容词和不可数名词a bit所表示的程度强些修饰形容词,可与a little互换;修饰不可数名词,须先加ofa few表数量,不表程度修饰可数名词复数形式考点精讲十四八年级(下)Units 78重点词汇拓展1.meter n.metres(复数)2.Asia n.Asian adj.&n.亚洲的;亚洲人3.tour n./v.tourist n.旅行者;游客4.protect v.protection n.保护5.wide adj.widely adv.广泛地6.achieve v.achievement n.成就7.thick adj.thin(反义词
41、)8.include v.including prep.9.succeed v.success n.成功successful adj.成功的10.nature n.natural adj.天然的11.weigh v.weight n.重量12.birth n.birthday n.生日13.keep v.keeper n.店主;园长14.excite v.excitement n.激动excited adj.激动的exciting adj.令人激动的15.ill adj.illness n.疾病16.south n.southern adj.南方的17.laugh v.laughter n.笑
42、声18.beauty n.beautiful adj.美丽的19.introduce v.introduction n.介绍重点短语归纳1.feel free可以随便(做某事)2.as far as I know就我所知3.take in吸入;吞入4.in the face of面对(问题;困难等)5.even though即便;虽然6.at birth出生时7.up to到达;至多有8.walk into走路撞着9.fall over摔倒10.or so大约11.full of大量的12.hurry up赶快;急忙13.science fiction科幻小说14.country music乡
43、村音乐15.ever since自从16.belong to属于17.one another互相18.the Pacific Ocean太平洋重点句型回顾1.How high is Qomolangma?珠穆朗玛峰有多高?Its 8,844.43 meters high.Its higher than any other mountain.它有8 844.43米高,它比其他任何一座山都高。2.Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?你知道中国是世界上最古老国家之一吗?3.The spirit of
44、these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山队员的精神向我们证明了我们应永不放弃实现自己梦想。4.This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这头大象比这只熊猫重许多倍。5.Have you at least read the back of the book to see what its about?你至少看看书后面讲的是什么?6.Ever since then,she has been a fan o
45、f American country music?自那以来,他一直是美国乡村音乐的狂热粉丝。7.However,country music brings us back to the“good old days”when people were kind to each other and trusted one another.然而,乡村音乐使我们回忆起过去的美好时光,那时人们彼此友好,相互信任。语法精要1.形容词和副词比较级和最高级;2.数词的表达;3.现在完成时。populationn.人口人口为集合名词,常用来指人口的总称。在句中作主语时,谓语动词多用第三人称单数形式。(1)在指一个整
46、体中有多少人是干什么的时候,谓语动词要用复数形式,这时强调的是一部分人。eg:Half of the population in that country are farmers.那个国家一半的人口是农民。(2)表示“的人口”时,常用“the population of+地点”。(3)表示某国、某城市有多少人口时,用“have/has a population of”结构。eg:The country has a population of 3,800,000.这个国家有三百八十万人口。(4)对人口数量提问用what而不用how much。人口多用large或big,人口少用small。eg:
47、Whats the population of China?中国的人口是多少?【注意注意】people也可表示“人,人口”,但它是复数名词,问“某地有多少人?”用“How many people are there in+地点?”succeedv.成功成功;达到达到;完成完成succeed反义词为fail。常用结构为:succeed in(doing)sth.意为“成功地干某事”=be successful in(doing)sth.。【拓展拓展】(1)success n.成功;成就(2)successful adj.成功的(3)successfully adv.成功地 eg:Details
48、decide success or not.细节决定成功与否。He completed the work successfully.他成功地完成了那项工作。Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗?(1)one of意为“之一”,后接形容词最高级,名词复数,常用句型为:“主语+be+one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数+in/of”,表示“是中最之一”。(2)“one of+复数名词”为单数含义,谓语动词要用单数形式。e
49、g:One of the boys is from America.其中一个男孩来自美国。How long is the wall?长城有多长长城有多长?询问“某物有多长/宽/高/深”时,常用句型为:“How+形容词(long,wide,high,tall,deep,thick)+is/are+主语?”。要表示“某物有长/宽/高/深”时,常用句型为:“某物+be+数词+表示计量单位的名词+形容词(long,wide,high,tall,deep,thick)”。eg:The river is 10 meters deep.那条河10米深。Ever since then,she has been
50、 a fan of American country music.自那时自那时以来以来,他一直是美国乡村音乐的狂热爱好者。他一直是美国乡村音乐的狂热爱好者。ever since then为固定结构,意为“自那时以来”,常与现在完成时连用。(1)since意为“自从;自以来”,常用于现在完成时,since作介词时,后接表示某一时刻的词或词组。eg:I have studied English since three years ago.我从三年前就开始学习英语。(2)since作连词时,后接表示时间的从句,从句的时态用一般过去时,而且动词是非延续性动词,主句用现在完成时,但主句动词一定是延续性动
