1、语序问题语序问题特殊句式特殊句式引导词的区分引导词的区分种类种类名词性从句1.What life will be like is difficult to predict.2.Some people feel that Wales is an ancient fairy land.3.The news that the plan would take off on time made everybody happy4.His suggestion is that we should go there together.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句I 名词
2、性从句的种类名词性从句的种类1.The photographs will show you _（NMET89）A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like v2.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news.vA.how he was excitedvB.how was he excitedvC.how excited he wasvD.he
3、was how excited3.He asked_for a violin.（NMET92）A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid 归纳归纳:名词性从句的语序名词性从句的语序1、名词性从句都用、名词性从句都用陈述语序陈述语序，即把引导词放在从句开头，后边采用，即把引导词放在从句开头，后边采用“主语主语+谓语谓语”结构。结构。2、感叹句变为宾语从句，也应用、感叹句变为宾语从句，也应用陈述语序陈述语序。You dont know how happy they were to see
4、 each other.名词性从句的连接词名词性从句的连接词一、主语从句一、主语从句连词连词that(无词义无词义,不作成分不作成分,不能省略不能省略);whether(是否是否),不用不用if.That he will come and help us is certain.Whether we will succeed is still a question.注意注意:已确定的事由已确定的事由thatthat引导引导;没决定的事由没决定的事由whetherwhether引导引导.3.连接副词连接副词when(ever),where(ever),why,how(ever),how long,
5、how often,how soon,how far等等.When the test will be given is not yet decided.How long we will discuss must be agreed on.2.连接代词连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which,whichever,how many 等等.What he is has nothing to do with you.Whose ticket this is has not been found out.It worried her a bit _ her ha
6、ir was turning grey.（MET92）Awhile B.that Cif Dfor_ breaks the law will be punished.A WhoB WhoeverC No matter whoD Anyonewhoever=anyone who Can you understand them?It is well-known/reported/thought/believed/felt/said/that It is clear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful/that It is a pity/a shame/an honor/
7、that It seems/appears that It(so)happens that It doesnt matter whether 为了使句子保持平衡，常用为了使句子保持平衡，常用_来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到从句或宾语从句放到_，尤其是连，尤其是连词词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中，但中，但what，whatever，whoever，whichever引导的主语从句一般不后置。引导的主语从句一般不后置。归纳归纳 it后面后面二二.宾语从句宾语从句1.由连词由连词that 引导引导:that
8、 常可省略常可省略。He realized(that)he had made a mistake.注：并列第二个以上的宾语从句注：并列第二个以上的宾语从句,或有插入语或有插入语时不能省略时不能省略that.)that.)He said（that）he had finished reading this novel and that he would borrow another one.用用it 作形式宾语作形式宾语,that引导的真正的宾语从句引导的真正的宾语从句放后面时放后面时,that 不省略不省略.Our professor thought it important that we s
9、hould read widely.2.由由wh-(where,what,who,how,when,whether等等)引导词引导。引导词引导。We dont know where he lives.He told me how he used the computer.They didnt know whether their parents would come to the class meeting.1.1.介词后的宾从介词后的宾从.Everything depends on whether it is fine tomorrow.2.whether or not的宾从的宾从.I do
10、nt know whether or not shell like it.3.复合不定式只能用复合不定式只能用whether.Tell us whether to go or stay here.whether 与与if 有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether.归纳宾语从句须注意1.语序语序:使用陈述语序;2.呼应呼应:时态呼应;3.引导词引导词:陈述句用that,一般问句用if或whether,特殊问句用原疑问词;4.语气语气:虚拟语气,句子涉及insist;order,command;suggest,advise,propose;ask,demand,d
11、esire,require;necessary,important,natural,a pity等.三三.表语从句表语从句表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同从句相同.但但:1.:1.that引导表语从句时不能省引导表语从句时不能省.2.2.if不能引导表语从句应使用不能引导表语从句应使用whether;whether;3 3as if可使用。可使用。The news that another power station will be built cheered all the villagers.Word came that man had landed
12、 on the moon.四四.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句一般跟在名词同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,word,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,view,idea,answer,information,knowledge,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion；doubt,problem,puzzle等后面后面,用以说明或解释前面的中心名词用以说明或解释前面的中心名词.注注:1.1.同位语从句多用同位语从句多用that 引导引导2.2.在在have no idea 之后常用之后常用wh-引导同位语从句引导同位语从句.I
13、 have no idea where he lives.I have no idea when he will come.I have no idea what he did.w 1.that 与 what w 2.if 与 whether w 3.who 与 whoever w what 与 whateverIV引导词的区分引导词的区分I.在下列各句空格中填入在下列各句空格中填入what 或或that：1._ you are doing seems very difficult.2._ Tom will refuse the offer is unlikely.3._ the prison
14、er escaped by the back door is quite clear.4.He is greatly interested in _ the teacher teaches.5.They will be very thankful for _ you can give them.6.The student always pays attention to _ the teachers say.WhatThatThatwhatwhatwhat that 和和 what二者都引导这些从句，主要区别在于：二者都引导这些从句，主要区别在于：that是连词，在从句中既不充当成分又没有意义
15、是连词，在从句中既不充当成分又没有意义 The fact is that he hasnt yet recovered from illness.The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed.what是连接代词既起连接作用，又充当句子是连接代词既起连接作用，又充当句子成分。成分。What he said at the meeting made us surprised.1）_ you dont like him is none of my business.（S 92)A.What B.Who C.That D.Whe
16、ther 2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.(93)A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter 3)Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is-not ever.(s2002）A.that B.which C.of which D.what 1._the company will buy her a mobile phone has not been decided.2.The question is _ he will
17、 help us 3.I worry about _I hurt her feelings.4.I wonder_ he will attend the meeting or not.Whetherwhetherwhether whether/if4.It depends on _ we will have enough money.5._ they can do it matters little to us.6._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you.whetherWhetherIf 2.if 和和 whether下列情况用下列情况用w
18、hether而不用而不用if:1)引导主语从句（位于句首）、表语从句、同位语从句时；引导主语从句（位于句首）、表语从句、同位语从句时；Whether well go to climb the hill depends on the weather.The question is whether it is worth doing.The question whether we need it has not been decided.2)做介词的宾语时；做介词的宾语时；Im worried about whether he can arrive in time.3)引导宾语从句紧跟引导宾语从句
19、紧跟or not 时；时；Please tell me whether or not you agree.4)与不定式连用时，只能用与不定式连用时，只能用whether;I dont know whether to accept or refuse.5)动词动词discuss 后引出的宾语从句；后引出的宾语从句；Lets discuss whether we shall go by plane.6)宾语从句本身是否定句时；宾语从句本身是否定句时；I dont care whether he doesnt come.注意：在条件状语从句中，表示注意：在条件状语从句中，表示“如果如果”时，用时，用
20、if不用不用whether.1._ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.(92)A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That 2._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Wherev1._ was said here must be kept secret.v2._we need is more time.v3._ made the long distance call to
21、him is not important.v4._ breaks the law will be punished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoever whoever,whatever,whichever等既可以等既可以引导引导名词性从句名词性从句，也可以引导，也可以引导让步状语从让步状语从句句，语气比较强，语气比较强,而而 no matter 加疑问词只加疑问词只能引导能引导让步状语让步状语从句。从句。另外另外what,who引导名词性从句引导名词性从句,但是语气比但是语气比较弱较弱.1._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth
22、 praising.(s99)A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever2.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 3.These wild flowers are so special,I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 4.It is generally considered unwise to g
23、ive a child _ he or she wants.（NMET97）A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 5._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.（MET88）A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was
24、 right Athat what BWhat that Cthat Dwhether 3.Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge,I cant remember _.Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 4.Energy is _ makes things work Awhat Beverything Csomething Danything 5.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A.why;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because 6.He doesnt think the question of _ they are men or women is important A.whether B.if C.which D.why 7.It was ordered that all the soldiers _ to the front A.should send B.must be sent C.should be sent D.must go 8.Air is to us _ water is to fish A.that B.what C.which D.that谢谢
