1、Attributive ClauseDiscovering Useful Structures2b y b e c k点 击 返 回 目 录点击进入各单元 用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。这是我的杯子这是我的杯子 This is my cup.这是装满茶水的杯子这是装满茶水的杯子 This is the cup full of tea.这是我喝茶用的杯子这是我喝茶用的杯子 This is the cup which I drink tea with.使用一个句子来修饰一个名词
2、或代词时，那这个句子叫做定语从句。使用一个句子来修饰一个名词或代词时，那这个句子叫做定语从句。定定语从句语从句相当于一个形容词相当于一个形容词。Discovering Useful Structures3b y b e c k点 击 返 回 目 录点击进入各单元定语从句的定义：定语从句的定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句相当在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句相当形容词形容词的作用的作用在句中作在句中作定语。定语。被修饰的词叫做被修饰的词叫做先行词先行词，连接先行词和从句的叫，连接先行词和从句的叫关系词关系词.e.g.The girl is Mary.M
3、ary is brave and clever.先行词关系词The girl who is brave and clever is Mary.定语从句主句Discovering Useful Structures4b y b e c k点 击 返 回 目 录点击进入各单元1.The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000.2.This is the man whom we talked about.3.The building which stands near the river is our school.4.H
4、e asked to do things in a way that did not do harm to others.5.Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?6.This is the book which you want.7.He lives in the room whose door is green.8.The girl whose father is a doctor studies very well.找出先行词、关系词及定语从句找出先行词、关系词及定语从句Discovering Useful Str
5、uctures5b y b e c k点 击 返 回 目 录点击进入各单元关系代词的关系代词的作用作用？1.1.引导引导定语从句；定语从句；2.2.代替代替先行词；先行词；3.3.在从句中充当一个在从句中充当一个成分成分。关系副词的关系副词的作用作用？1.1.引导引导定语从句；定语从句；2.2.代替代替先行词；先行词；3.3.在从句中作在从句中作状语状语。关系代词：关系代词：who，whom，whose，that，which，as关系副词：关系副词：when，where，why关系副词的用法关系副词的用法1.This is the house where I lived 20 years ag
6、o.2.I still remember the day when I first met him.3.Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me?1.1.观察观察先行词先行词有什么特点？有什么特点？2.2.从句中缺少什么从句中缺少什么成分成分？地点地点缺地点状语缺地点状语in the housein the house时间时间缺时间状语缺时间状语on the dayon the day原因原因缺缺原因状语原因状语for this reasonfor this reasonwhen的的用法用法 When 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关
7、系词在从句中作时间状语，可用“介词+which”来替换。Ill never forget the day when(on which)I joined the team.Ill never forget the day.I joined the team on that day.when作作时间状语时间状语先行词为时间先行词为时间类，一定用关类，一定用关系副词系副词when吗？吗？可以用可以用that/which吗？吗？不能看到时间就用when，要看从句缺什么成分Ill never forget the day _ I lived in the mountains.Ill never forg
8、et the day _ I spent in the mountains.whenthat/which/省略缺时间状语缺时间状语缺缺spentspent的宾语的宾语when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词 time,hour,day,year,moment,occasion 时刻，age年代，period阶段,stage时期，interval 间隙等词,并在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于介词(in/on/during)+whichIll never forget the stage in which(when)I studied in the school.我永远不会忘记我在学校学习的时期。我
9、永远不会忘记我在学校学习的时期。where的的用法用法 Where 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“介词+which”来替换。The school where(in which)my son studies is near a park.The school is near a park.My son studies in this school.分解分解where作作地点状语地点状语先行词为地点先行词为地点类，一定用关类，一定用关系副词系副词where吗？吗？可以用可以用that/which吗？吗？不能看到地点就用where,要看从句缺什么成分This
10、 is the house _ he was born.This is the house _ was set up by his parents.wherethat/which缺地点状语缺地点状语缺缺主语主语where 还可用在表示还可用在表示后，如后，如situation,stage,point,case,position,condition,activity,scene,occasion等等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况或情况中”。They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.Their
11、 child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.why的的用法用法Why 引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+which”来替换。Do you know the reason why(for which)he is so upset?Do you know the reason？He is so upset.why作作原因状语原因状语先行词为原因，先行词为原因，一定用关系副一定用关系副词词why吗？吗？可以用可以用that/which吗
12、？吗？不能看到reason 就用why，要看从句缺什么成分This is the reason _ he was late.This is the reason _he told us for his being late.whythat/which缺原因状语缺原因状语缺缺toldtold的直接宾语的直接宾语关系副词相当于被代替的先行词在从句中作成分in,at等介词+which表示地点的名词at,in,on,during等介词+which地点状语表示时间的名词时间状语for+whichreason原因状语wherewhenwhyThis is the college _I visited.Th
13、is is the college_ I studied three years ago.Ill never forget the day_we spent together.Ill never forget the day _ I got married.This is not the reason _ I want to listen to.This is the reason_he gave.This is the reason_ I love you.(that/which)where(that/which)when(that/which)(that/which)why一找从句；一找从
14、句；二划先行词（还原法）；二划先行词（还原法）；三定关系词三定关系词 作主作主/宾宾/定定 关系代词关系代词作状作状 关系副词关系副词单句语法填空单句语法填空1We visited the house _ the famous scientist once lived.2The photo reminded me of the days _ I played hide andseek with my brother and I stayed for six years.3It was a period _ they had discussion very frequently.4The pro
15、blem has come to a point _ everyone has different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement.wherewhenwhenwhere6One of the reasons _ he was refused in the interview was that his spoken English was terrible.7Ill never forget the day _ I joined the robot club.8Miss Smith is an excellent teache
16、r _ whom I have learned a lot.9They have two children,both of _ work in large companies.whywhenfromwhom根据汉义用定语从句补全句子1.There are many reasons_.(人们学习一人们学习一 门外语的）门外语的）2.He couldnt remember the place_(他藏钱的他藏钱的).3.Are you the person_(他们正在寻找的他们正在寻找的).4.For the young people _(想出国学习的想出国学习的)our school is a g
17、ood choice.5.The days_(中国人被人看不起的中国人被人看不起的)are gone.6.After living in Paris for fifty years,he returned to the small town _(他长大的他长大的)as a child.7.This is the reason _.(他开会迟到的他开会迟到的)why people learn a foreign languagewhere he hid the moneywhom they are looking forwho want to go abroad to study when Ch
18、inese were looked down uponwhere he grew up why he was late for the meeting1.1.关系代词的确定关系代词的确定Do you know the girl with _ our teacher is talking?This is the room in _ my grandmother used to live.whomwhich 介词介词+关系代词关系代词如果指如果指“人人”，用，用“介词介词whom”如果指如果指“物物”，用，用“介词介词which”What can you find?2.介词的确定介词的确定 根据先
19、行词的搭配关系：根据先行词的搭配关系：1)I still remember the day _ _ I met TFboys.2)I will never forget the farm _ _ I worked with you.3)The money _ _ you were to buy food is gone.on whichon whichwith which(on the day 在那天在那天)(on the farm 在农场在农场)(with the money 用钱用钱)介词介词+关系代词关系代词2.介词的确定介词的确定 根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯根据谓语动词或形容词的搭
20、配习惯1)Do you like the book _ _ she spent$10?2)Do you like the book _ _ she paid$10?3)The West Lake,_ _ Hangzhou is famous,is a beautiful place.on whichfor whichfor which介词介词+关系代词关系代词2.介词的确定介词的确定 根据句子的意思来确定根据句子的意思来确定1)Air,_ which man cant live,is really important.空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。2)This is the man _
21、 whom my brother has worked for ten years.这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。withoutwith介词介词+关系代词关系代词2.介词的确定介词的确定 表示表示“所有所有”或或“整体的一部分整体的一部分”时通常用介词时通常用介词“of”1)He has two sons,_ graduated from Peking University.他有两个儿子，他们都毕业于北京大学。2)Tom wrote many childrens books,nearly half _ were about campus culture.汤姆写了很多儿童书籍，其中将近一
22、半是关于校园文化的。both of whomof which 介词介词+关系代词关系代词用介词用介词 关系代词填空关系代词填空。1.Who is the person _ _ you just shook hands?2.China is a powerful country,_ _ we are proud.3.This is the tree _ _ we used to play games.4.This is my glasses,_ _ I cant see clearly.5.Do you remember the day _ _ you joined our club?6.Do
23、you know the reason _ _ he lost the job?即学即练即学即练with whom without which under whichof which on whichfor which温馨提示温馨提示有些有些“动词介词动词介词”构成的短语如构成的短语如look for，look after，call on等，如果介词提前将会失去动词短语的意义，所以不可把介词置等，如果介词提前将会失去动词短语的意义，所以不可把介词置于关系代词前。于关系代词前。Is this the brochure which she is looking for?这就是她在找的那本册子吗？这
24、就是她在找的那本册子吗？The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.护士们在照看的婴儿都很健康护士们在照看的婴儿都很健康。2.有时有时“介词关系代词介词关系代词”前还会有名词、数词、代词等，表示部分、前还会有名词、数词、代词等，表示部分、整体、数量等概念。整体、数量等概念。The river，the banks of which are covered with trees，flows to the sea.这条河流入大海，河的两岸都是树。这条河流入大海，河的两岸都是树。In the class there are 50 s
25、tudents，most of whom are very hard-working.这个班里有这个班里有50名学生，其中大多数都很勤奋。名学生，其中大多数都很勤奋。返 回Dear Tom，How are you going these days?Im writing to tell you about our schools Sports Club，1._ _(体育俱乐部经常为我们学生组织各种各样的活动体育俱乐部经常为我们学生组织各种各样的活动).The Sports Club is located in our schools gym,2._ _(在体育俱乐部学生可以锻炼或者练习在体育俱乐
26、部学生可以锻炼或者练习他们的技能他们的技能).At weekends，it is available for all students 3._ _(对体育赛事感兴趣的学生对体育赛事感兴趣的学生).The reason 4._ _(我们喜欢体育俱乐部我们喜欢体育俱乐部)is that it enriches our campus life.完成下列语段，尽可能地运用定语从句完成下列语段，尽可能地运用定语从句where students cantake exercise or practise their skillswho are interested in sports eventswhy w
27、e like the Sports Clubwhich often organizes various activities for usstudentsAll in all，all of us can work out for half an hour every day,5._(通过锻炼我们可以增强我们的体质通过锻炼我们可以增强我们的体质).Yours sincerely，Li Hua返 回which we can strengthen our bodythrough.单句语法填空 1Do you still remember the day when we took the first
28、aid course?2I dont know the reason why the athlete gave up halfway through the competition.3This is the place where the famous headmaster delivered a speech.4Have you heard of the flood which our teacher referred to?5This is the farm on which my father grows fruit and vegetables.6This is the athlete
29、 from whom we have learnt a lot.7Ill never forget the day which/that I spent with my cousins in the mountains.8The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was not reasonable.9We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true.10Creating an atmosphere where employees fe
30、el part of a team is of great importance.把下列句子合并为定语从句 1This is the humorous guy.I often talk about him with you.This is the humorous guy about whom I often talk with you.2I will show you the book.In the book I found the answer.I will show you the book in which/where I found the answer.3There came a
31、day.The rain fell at last then.There came a day when the rain fell at last.4There are forty students in our class.Twenty of the students in our class are girls.There are forty students in our class，twenty of whom are girls.5The old man stood beside the window.Through the window he could see his wife weaving a sweater for him.The old man stood beside the window，through which he could see his wife weaving a sweater for him.
