1、 - 1 - 第 1 篇 Part 1 Heroes of Our Time An admirable Man He grew up in Africa among great poverty（贫穷）and disease He came to a famous University on a scholarship to study medicine-but his coach got a look at him and had a different idea. He became a star in the NBA, and a citizen of the United States.
2、 But he never forgot the land of his birth, or the duty to distribute his fortune to others He built a new hospital in his old hometown And he is held in great affection there, A friend has said of this good-hearted man: “He believes that God has given him this chance to do great things.” 我们时代的英雄（he
3、ro） 令人钦佩的（admirable）人 他（迪坎贝穆托姆博）在非洲的贫困和疾病（disease）中长大（grow up） ，原想凭奖学金 （scholarship）到一所著名的大学学习医学，但当他的教练（coach） （约翰汤普森）看到他后，却 产生了一个不同的想法。于是他成了NBA的一颗明星，而且成为美国公民（citizen） 。但他从没有忘 记过自己出生的地方，也从未忘记与他人分享自己的财富（fortune） 。他在老家建了一座新医院。他在 那儿极受爱戴（be held in great affection） 。 一位朋友评价这位心地善良的（good-hearted）人说： “他相信是
4、上帝给他这个机会去做一些伟大 的事情。 ” Part 2 Success and kindness After her daughter was born, Julie searched for ways to share her love of music and art with her child. So she borrowed some equipment, and began filming childrens videos in her own house. A new company was born, and in just five years her business g
5、rew to more than $ 20 million in sales. And she is using her success to help others-producing child safety videos with John of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children Julie says of her new program:“I believe its the most important thing that I have ever done. I believe that children h
6、ave the right to live in a world that is safe. ” 成功 （success） 和善良当她的女儿出生后， 朱丽叶到处搜寻 （search） 办法与她的孩子分享 （share） 她对音乐（music）和艺术的爱。所以她借（borrow）了一些设备（equipment） ，然后开始在她自己 的（own）房间（house）里录制（film）儿童录相（video） 。就这样，一个新的公司（company）诞 生了！在仅仅五年的时间里，她的商业（business）销售额（sales）就超过两千万。而且她一直在用 自己的成功来帮助（help）别人和美国国家失踪（
7、missing）与受剥削（exploited）儿童援助中 心的约翰一起制作生产（produce）儿童安全（safety）录相。谈到她的新节目（program）时，朱丽 叶说： “我认为这是我曾做过的最重要的事情。孩子们有权力生活在一个安全的（safe）世界里。 ” Part 3 Bravery and courage A few weeks ago, he was waiting at a subway platform with his two little girls when he saw a man fall into the path of a train With seconds
8、to act, he jumped onto the tracks, pulled the man into the space between the rails, and held him as the train passed right above their heads, He insists hes not a hero. He says: “We have got to show each other some love ” 勇气（bravery）和胆量（courage） 几周前，他正在一个地铁（subway）的站台（platform）等他的两个女儿时，突然看到一个人掉 入地铁的
9、轨道（track） 。只有几秒钟的时间，他跳上轨道，将那个人拉进铁轨（rail）的空间（space） 里，并按住他，而列车就从他们的头（head）上（above）驶过。但他坚持（insist）说他不是英雄。 他说： “我们必须向彼此展示（show）一些爱。 ” - 2 - 第 2 篇 Online games, social- networking Web sites, and chat rooms are empowering and motivating for teens and help with their development. When adults look at teens
10、 today, they think what they are doing is different and seem to be wasting a lot of time. And those activities seem quite foreign. But when we look closely at what kids are doing, its not much more different than what their parents did. They are hanging out with their friends, finding romantic (浪漫的)
11、 partners, and trying to identify themselves. Todays teens are being raised with technologies that allow them to have self-directed learning on their own terms, on their own time, and without the restrictions of a classroom setting (环境;背景). This gives the teens a feeling of freedom. This is very dif
12、ferent from how kids learn in school when they are handed a set body of knowledge required to master by their teachers. Teens were motivated to engage online because they were either driven by interest or friendship. And there are some specific findings according to a research: One major finding is
13、that there is a generation gap(代沟) in how parents and teens view the teens online activities. Adults think the activities draw their attention from school work and are left in the dark about what their teens are doing online. Teens, on the other hand, understand the value of the Internet and are mot
14、ivated to participate. Another finding shows that teens are not taking full advantage of the Internet. They are using the social networks to chat and post photos and make friends, which are important to their development, but they are not making use of other existing opportunities(机会) to learn about
15、 astronomy, foreign languages, and other subjects only a few clicks away. Teens are also improving their social skills online by learning the basic social and technical skills needed to interact(互动) in todays digital world. Pressure from those of the same age also takes on a new role online Teens ar
16、e reporting that they are more motivated by those of their age online with public paces that allow the teens to interact and provide feedback(反馈) to one another. While teens are using the Internet for both social and intellectual(智力 的;聪明的)development, they are also facing significant challenges on h
17、ow to manage their relationships online. - 3 - 第 2 篇 在线游戏(game)、社交性的(social-networking)网站和聊天室使青少年有了更多的权力，激励 (motivate)着他们，并促进他们的发展(development)。当成人(adult)看到今天的孩子时，他们以 为孩子们正在做着与他们儿时不同的事情，似乎在浪费大量的时间。而且这些活动(activity)在成人看 来似乎相当奇怪(foreign)。但当我们密切(closely)关注孩子们在做的事时，就会发现孩子们做的事 事实上与他们父母的行为没有太大差异。他们与朋友一起玩(h
18、ang out with)，寻找浪漫的伙伴，努力 确认(identify)自己的身份。 今天的孩子们是伴随着科技(technology) -起而被抚养(raise)长大的。 今天的科技允许(allow) 他们在自己的时间，以自己的方式进行自主性(self-directed)学习，而不必受教室环境的限制 (restriction)。这给了孩子们一种自由(freedom)的感觉。这和孩子们在学校的学习方式是非常不同 的。在学校里，他们被要求掌握(be required to master) 一堆老师传授的知识(knowledge)。 孩子们上网是受到兴趣或友谊的激励。根据(according to
19、)调查研究(research)，有关人员得 出以下几个明确的(specific)发现： 一个主要的(major)发现就是在如何看待(view)网络活动上，父母和孩子之间存在代沟 (generation gap)。成年人认为那些活动将孩子们的注意力从学校的功课吸引开，而且他们也无法了 解十几岁的孩子在网上所做的事。而另一方面，孩子们却理解(understand)因特网的价值(the value of the Internet)，而且渴望参与(participate)。 另一个发现显示，孩子们并没有充分利用(take full advantage of)因特网。他们在用社交网 站聊天、发布(pos
20、t)照片、结交朋友，这对于他们的发展非常重要，但他们并没有用其他现存的 (existing)机会来了解天文学(astronomy)、外语、和其他只要点击几下就可学习的科目(subject)。 孩子们也通过在线学习在今天的数字世界(digital world)互动所需要的基本的(basic)社交和 技术上的(technical)技巧(skill)来提高(improve)他们的社交能力。 那些来自同龄孩子的压力(pressure)也承担了新的角色(take on a new role)。孩子们报告 (report)说在允许互动并能向彼此提供反馈的公共空间(public space)里，他们更多的受
21、到网络同龄 人的激励。 当孩子们利用因特网来促进社交能力和智力发展时，他们在如何处理网络关系(manage their relationships online)上也面临着重大的挑战(significant challenge)。 - 4 - 第 3 篇 Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowing what lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security. As a result, they a
22、re employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living. Some stay long at a job and learn to like it; others quit from one to another looking for something to suit them, the y
23、oung graduates who leave the university with a bachelors degree or higher look for jobs that offer a salary up to their expectation Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a pro
24、per vocational(职业的) guidance in our educational institution The graduates chief concern when they look for a job is to ask what salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or, even more important, whether the job suits them Having a job is more than merely providin
25、g yourself and your dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure(空 闲时间) and entertainment. It sets a pattern of life and, in many ways, determines social status in life, selection of friends, leisure and interest. In choosing a career(职业;事业) you should first consider the type of work which
26、 will suit your interest. Nothing is more poor than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents and finally make you an emotional (情感的;情绪的) failure and a bitter person. 很多年轻人都是在无意中(by accident)找到工作的(get empl
27、oyed)，他们根本不了解未来晋升 (promotion)的机会，幸福和保障(security)。因此，他们被雇用来做那些几乎不能为他们提供 (afford) 任 何满 足 感 (satisfaction) 的 工作 。 我们的 学 校 毕 业生 面 临着 如 此激 烈 的 竞 争 (competition)以至于只要(孙long as)能够谋生，他们很少(seldom)关心(care)自己在做什么。有 一些人坚守着一份工作，并学会了喜欢它，另一些人不断的辞职(quit)去寻找适合自己的工作，而那些 带着学士(bachelor)或更高学位离开(leave)大学的毕业生(graduate)们则期
28、望能找到一份提供 (offer)的薪水(Salary)令他们满意(up to their satisfaction)的工作。很少有人在离开校园走 入社会时确切地(exactly)知道他们想要什么，也很少有人能真正认识到(realize)自己的能力 (ability)。这些困扰(confusion)背后的原因(reason)就是在我们的教育机构(institution)里从 来没有过适当的(proper)职业指导(guidance)。毕业生们寻找工作时关注的首要问题(chief concern)就是薪水如何。他们从未费心想(never bother to think)是否(whether)他们适
29、合这项工 作，甚至更重要的，这项工作是否适合他们。工作并不仅仅(merely)为你自己和依赖你生活的人 (dependant)提供(provide)面包和休闲、娱乐(entertainment)所需的金钱。它为你的生活设定了 模式(pattern)，并且在很多方面，决定(determine)了你的社会地位(status)，对朋友的选择 (selection)，休闲和爱好。 在选择职业时，你首先应考虑(consider)那种适合你兴趣的工作。没有比从事一项你不感兴趣的 工作最令人悲哀的了，因为它不仅会让你在生活中失去对成功的渴望(desire to succeed)，而且会毁 掉(ruin)你的
30、才华(talent)并最终(finally)令你成为情感上的失败者(failure)和一个牢骚满腹 的怨天尤人者(a bitter person)。 - 5 - 第 4 篇 Education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life. In some modern countries it has for some time
31、 been fashionable to think that by free education for all - one can solve（解决) all the problems of society and build a perfect nation But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degree; they refuse to do wha
32、t they think “low“ work; and, in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor; we can live without education, but we die if
33、we have no food. What a mess it will be if no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns. In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each
34、of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability and, secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that is very bad to be ashamed of ones work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society. 教育(education)并不是最终目的(end)，而是通向最终目的一种手段(means)。换
35、句话说(in other words)，我们教育(educate)孩子的目的(purpose)并不仅仅是教育自身。同时也要使他们适 应(fit sb. for)生活。 在一些现代国家里，长期以来有一种很流行的(fashionable)观点，即通过对全民提供免费的 (free)的义务教育可以解决社会(society)的所有问题并建立(build) 一个完美的(perfect)国家。 但是我们已经(already)看到全民义务教育还不够(not enough)， 我们发现在这样的国家里有更多的人 拥有大学文凭，他们拒绝做他们认为“低级的”工作，而且事实上，体力活在这样的国家里被认为是脏 (dirt
36、y)而下贱，令人耻辱的(shameful)的工作。但是我们只要思考一下(think a moment)就能明白 一个完全(completely)没有受过教育的农场主所做的工作远比一个教授(professor)的工作更重要。 没有教育我们一样可以生存，但如果没了食物我们就将无法生活(ive)。如果没有人清理(clean)我们的 街道，没有人从我们的房子里取走垃圾(rubbish)，这个世界将l会多么的脏乱(What a mess)!我们 也将会染上可怕的(terrible)疾病。 事实上，当我们说所有人都必须接受教育以便为生活做准备时，这意味着(mean)我们必须以这样一 种方式接受教育：首先，
37、我们每一个人都能做适合(suit)其智力和能力的工作；其次，我们能意识到所 有的工作都是社会所需要的，而且为自己的工作感到羞愧(ashamed)是很糟糕一件事情。只有这种形式 的教育才能被认为是对社会有价值的。 - 6 - 第 5 篇 Forty-five years ago Martin Luther King had a dream of an America where men and women would be judged not on the color of their skin but on the content of their character. Today what
38、 America has done is turn that dream into a reality. After a hard-fought campaign, Barack Obama has won the US presidential election, and will become the 44th President of the United States-the first African-American in the countrys history to do so. President-elect Obama will not take office until
39、January20, 2009. However, when he does become president, he will face many serious challenges, including two foreign wars, climate change and what he has described as the worst financial problem in a century. But the mood(心情) of the country is optimistic, and Obama himself appears to enjoy the chall
40、enge. In his victory speech, he said, “The road ahead will be long. Our climb will be difficult. We may not get there in one year or even in one term, but AmericaI have never been more hopeful than I am tonight that we will get there,“ said the next President of the United States. 45 年前， 马丁路德 金有一个梦想
41、(dream) -美国是一个不以人们的肤色(skin)， 而是以其品格(the content of their character)优劣来评价(judge)他们的国度。今天美国所做的一切正在将这个梦 想变为现实(reality)。 经过一场艰苦的“角逐”(a hard-fought campaign)，奥巴马终于赢(win)得了美国总统大选 (presidential election)，将成为美国第 44 任总统一同时也是美国历史(history)上的首任非裔美 国总统。 当选的奥巴马将于 2009 年 1 月 20 日入主白宫。然而，当成为美国总统后，他将面临很多严重的 (serious
42、)挑战，包括(including)两场对外战争，气候(climate)变化及其自己所描述(describe) 的世纪(century)以来最严重的经济问题(financial problem)。 但美国是乐观的(optimistic)，奥巴马本人似乎(appear)也很享受这样的挑战。在获胜演讲 (victory speech)中， 即将成为下一届美国总统的奥巴马说：“前方的道路将很漫长。 我们的攀登(climb) 将很困难(difficult)。我们在一年甚至一届任期内都可能无法完成上述目标。但我从来没有像今晚这 样充满希望，坚信我们终会实现。” - 7 - 第 6 篇 Something
43、in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers. Their study found that theobromine (可碱) , found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine(可待因), which was considered the best cough medicine at present. The Imperial(
44、皇家的;帝国的) College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment “While coughing is not necessarily harmful it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this proble
45、m,“ said a professor. Ten healthy volunteers were given theobromine, codeine or placebo (安慰剂) ,a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill, The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin（辣椒碱) ,which is used in re
46、search to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs. The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin need to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they need only slightly higher
47、 levels of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo. The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity (神经活动),which cause coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects(不良反应;副作用) such as sleepiness. 英国研
48、究人员(researcher)说，巧克力(chocolate)中的某种成分可用于止咳(cough)，并可用 于生产更有效的(effective)药物。 他们研究发现，可可(cocoa)里所含的可可碱，其止咳疗效比目前(at present)被认为是最有效 的止咳药的可待因还要高出约(nearly)三分之一。 英国伦敦皇家学院(college)的研究人员在网上发布了(publish)研究结果，他们认为这项发现 (discovery)会带来(lead to)更有效的止咳治疗(treatment)。一位教授说；“虽然咳嗽不一定有害 (harmful)，却有可能对生活的质量(quality)产生相当大
49、的影响(effect)。这项发现是在这个问题的 解决上向前(forward)迈出的一大步(a huge step)。” 在一次实验(experiment)中，研究人员给十名健康的(healthy)志愿者(volunteer)每人一片 (pill)不含(not contain)西药成分的药片可可碱、可待因或宽心丸。志愿者和研究人员都不 (neither)知道志愿者各自得到的是何种药片。然后研究人员测量(measure)了辣椒素的含量，在实验 中辣椒素的作用是诱发咳嗽并作为止咳疗效的标志(sign)。 通过对辣椒素水平的分析，研究小组发现服用可可碱的志愿者与服用宽心丸的志愿者相比，前者要 吸入浓度大约(around)高三分之一的辣椒素才能引发咳嗽。服用可待因的志愿者与服用宽心丸的志愿者 相比(compared withto)，前者需要吸入的辣椒素浓度要稍高(slightly higher)于后者才可引发 咳嗽。 研究人员说，可可碱是通过控制引发咳嗽的神经活动起作用。研究人员还表示，可可碱不同于 (unlike)标准的(standard)止咳方法，可可碱对睡眠等并无任何副作用(side effects)。 - 8 - 第 7 篇 Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For
