1、Grammar and usage()Past Perfect Tense汉寿二中汉寿二中 王王 霞霞 Unit 1 The mass media1.To explore the rules of past perfect tense.2.To work out the rules.3.To apply the rules.1.Do you remember the form of the past perfect tense?S+had(not)+V-ed+其它成分其它成分 Had+S+V-ed+其它成分其它成分?特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+had+S+V-ed+其它成分其它成分?the shor
2、t life story of Joseph Pulitzerand find the sentences that use the past perfect tense.The first one has been done for you.Find the sentences using the past perfect tense in part A.1.He regularly visited the library and studied English and Lawby then he had learnt very little English.(Para.1L4)2.by t
3、he age of 25,he had become a publisher.(Para.2L1-2)3.He used the same business strategy he had employed.(Para.2L6-7)1.He regularly visited the library and studied English and Lawby then he had learnt very little French.()2.By the age of 25,he had become a teacher.()3.He used the same business strate
4、gy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch and sales of the newspaper mounted up until it was the bestselling newspaper in the country.()FEnglishFpublisherT1.When and where was Joseph Pulitzer born?2.When did Joseph Pulitzer found the newspaper the St Louis Post-Dispatch?3.In 1892,what did he
5、offer Columbia University money to start?4.When were the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded?1.When and where was Joseph Pulitzer born?Joseph Pulitzer was born on April 10,1847,in Hungary.2.When did Joseph Pulitzer found the newspaper the St Louis Post-Dispatch?In 1878.3.In 1892,what did he offer Col
6、umbia University money to start?He offered Columbia University money to start a school of journalism.4.When were the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded?Six years after Joseph Pulitzers death.We often use the past perfect tense to talk about something that happened(1)_(before/after)a past action or s
7、tate.The verb form of the past perfect tense is“(2)_(have/had done)”.beforehad doneWorking out the rulesl work tirelesslyl accuse sb.of sth.l shoot upl mount upl advocate the training of l regard.as a noble profession l of unequaled importancel influence on the minds and morals Useful ExpressionsWor
8、king out the rules1 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去过去的过去”。如：我醒来时，雨已经停了。如：我醒来时，雨已经停了。When I woke up,it had stopped raining.Practice:1)He _(try)his best although he failed.Jim said that he _(learn)some Chinese before.过去完成时的主要用法：过去完成时的主要用法：had triedhad
9、 learned2 过去完成时有时用来表示没有实现的愿望、打算、意图、诺过去完成时有时用来表示没有实现的愿望、打算、意图、诺言等，常用言等，常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/wanted等或用等或用上述词的过去式接上述词的过去式接to have done。如：。如：1)I had meant to help you,but I was too busy then.=I meant to have helped you,but I was too busy then.2)I had intended to call on you yesterday,but s
10、omeone came to see me.=I _ you yesterday,but someone came to see me.intended to have called3 过去完成时可以用于过去完成时可以用于hardlywhen或或no soonerthan等结构等结构，表表示示“一一就就”。如。如：I had hardly entered the classroom when the bell rang.Hardly had the spokesman finished his talk when someone rose to ask him questions.4 过去完成
11、时常有过去完成时常有by,when等引导的时间状语作为标志。如：等引导的时间状语作为标志。如：I had finished reading the novel by the end of last week.He had learnt English for ten years when he graduated from high school.6 常用于以下固定句型：常用于以下固定句型：It/This/That was the first/second/.time+that从句，从句，从从句句中谓语动词常用过去完成时中谓语动词常用过去完成时；It was+一段时间一段时间+since从句，
12、从句中谓语动词常用过去从句，从句中谓语动词常用过去完完成时，如：成时，如：It was the third time that he had mentioned his mother in his speech.It was 3 months since I had come back from abroad.Fill in the blanks with proper and correct forms of the verbs.1.He _(try)his best although he failed again.2.By the time,Tom _(found)his own bus
13、iness.3.The train _(leave)before I got to the station.4.I _(learn)English for seven years when I graduated from high school.had triedhad foundedhad lefthad learned/learnt5.Julie _(finish)cleaning the house by the end of last weekend.6.Rowling began to write a review after she _(watch)the movie.7.She
14、 said she _(see)the headmaster already.8.No sooner _ we _(go)out than it rained.had finishedhad watchedhad seenhad goneFill in the blanks with proper and correct forms of the verbs.Put the verbs into the correct form.1.The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we(build)_.2.He(not/be)_ to Cape Town bef
15、ore 1997.3.When she went out to play,she(do/already)_ her homework.4.My brother ate all of the cake that our mum(make)_.5.The doctor took off the plaster that he(put on)_ six weeks before.6.The waiter brought a drink that I(not/order)_.had builthad not beenhad already donehad madehad put onhad not o
16、rdered用用括号内单词的正确时态完成下面短文括号内单词的正确时态完成下面短文。A cow and a fox went out to search for food together.They 1._(go)only a few miles before they saw a lion coming their way.They were both very frightened.The fox thought of a way of saving his own life,and went up to the lion and said in his ear,“I 2._(help)yo
17、u get hold of the cow without the trouble of hunting him,if you let me go free.”The lion agreed,and the fox then led the cow by a hidden pit(坑坑),which some hunter 3._(dig)as a trap for wild animals,and the cow fell into it.When the lion saw that the cow 4._(catch)and couldnt get away,he turned his a
18、ttention to the fox.He soon finished him off,and then went on to eat the cow.Betray(背背叛叛)a friend,and youll often find you have destroyed yourself.had been caughthad gone will help had dug 1.Search the information online and write a life story of your favorite people.2.Complete part C of the workbook on page 56.
