1、Book 5 Unit 11.critical adj.批判性的；关键的；不稳定的；可能有危险的批判性的；关键的；不稳定的；可能有危险的汤姆的父母对他的行为提出了强烈的批评。汤姆的父母对他的行为提出了强烈的批评。Toms parents were highly critical of his behaviour.你的决定对我们的将来至关重要。你的决定对我们的将来至关重要。Your decision is critical to our future.减少大气层中的二氧化碳含量极其重要。减少大气层中的二氧化碳含量极其重要。Reducing levels of carbon dioxide in
2、the atmosphere is of critical importance.手术后头手术后头24小时是最危险的。小时是最危险的。The first 24 hours after the operation are the most critical.1.criticalv.criticize批判；挑剔；评论批判；挑剔；评论n.critic批评家；批评家；评论员；挑剔的人评论员；挑剔的人 2.trap vt.1)困住，关住，使限于危险中困住，关住，使限于危险中 他们被困在燃烧着的楼房里。他们被困在燃烧着的楼房里。They were trapped in the burning buildi
3、ng.2)诱骗，诱使诱骗，诱使 trap sb.into doing sth.我被诱骗在我被诱骗在合同合同上签字。上签字。I was trapped into signing a contract.n.1)夹子，罗网，陷阱夹子，罗网，陷阱 设置陷阱，布下圈套设置陷阱，布下圈套set a trap 2)圈套，困境圈套，困境 Mary felt that marriage was a trap.3)计谋，策略，陷阱计谋，策略，陷阱 walk into a trap 落入圈套落入圈套 lay a trap for 为为设下圈套设下圈套3.releasen.释放；公开发行、发布；新发行的东西、新电影；
4、宣泄释放；公开发行、发布；新发行的东西、新电影；宣泄The release of prisoners was used as a bargaining chip.释放释放战俘被用作讨价还价的筹码。战俘被用作讨价还价的筹码。The new software is planned for release in April.新软件计划四月份新软件计划四月份发行发行。You might even call it an emotional release.你甚至也能称之为你甚至也能称之为情感宣泄情感宣泄。3.release 释放释放囚犯囚犯 release a prisoner 他他松开松开手刹驶离路边
5、。手刹驶离路边。He released the hand brake and pulled away.他们未他们未公布公布更多细节。更多细节。They didnt release any more details.她只是需要宣泄她的压力。她只是需要宣泄她的压力。She just needed to release her stress.vt.释放、松开；发行、公映；宣泄释放、松开；发行、公映；宣泄4.extendv.延伸；扩展；使延期；扩大延伸；扩展；使延期；扩大的范围的范围(或影响或影响)Our land extends as far as the river.我们的土地一直延伸到河边。我们
6、的土地一直延伸到河边。The show extended for another six weeks.展览会延长了六周。展览会延长了六周。The company plans to extend its operations into Europe.公司打算将业务扩展到欧洲。公司打算将业务扩展到欧洲。拓展阅读拓展阅读extended reading extensionn.扩大、延伸；增加的房间、扩建部分；电话分机号码扩大、延伸；增加的房间、扩建部分；电话分机号码扩建地铁需用几个月时间。扩建地铁需用几个月时间。The extension of the subway will take severa
7、l months.You can reach me at 637-2335,extension 354.你可以打你可以打637-2335这个电话号码，转分机这个电话号码，转分机354，与我联系。，与我联系。extensive adj.广泛的；大量的广泛的；大量的进行广泛的研究进行广泛的研究carry out extensive research extensively adv.广泛地广泛地;大量大量地地5.construct vt.建造建造constructive advice 建设性的建设性的constructor n.建筑商建筑商construction:n.site 建筑工地建筑工地 u
8、nder 在建筑中在建筑中6.dozenThe project has gone through nearly a dozen years of planning.该项目已历经近该项目已历经近12年的规划。年的规划。You will be able to take ten dozen bottles free of duty through customs.你可以携带你可以携带120瓶免税通过海关。瓶免税通过海关。Ive read several dozen comic books.我读了许多漫画。我读了许多漫画。Dozens of people have been injured.很多人受了
9、伤。很多人受了伤。7.minoradj.少数的；轻微的、次要的；小音阶的少数的；轻微的、次要的；小音阶的 轻伤轻伤 injuries n.未成年人；辅修科目、辅修课程未成年人；辅修科目、辅修课程v.辅修辅修 inmajorminority n.少数民族；少数派；少数群体；未成年少数民族；少数派；少数群体；未成年(law)majority the of8.choke Vi./Vt.1)to be unable to breathe 窒息，噎住；窒息，噎住；to make sb.stop breathing by squeezing the throat 使窒息，掐死使窒息，掐死 choke on
10、 sth.被被噎住噎住 choke sb.使某人窒息，勒死使某人窒息，勒死He choked on a piece of toast.Plastic bags can choke a baby.2)to block or fill sth.with sth.堵满，塞满堵满，塞满 be choked with 池塘被腐烂的池塘被腐烂的（rotten）叶子塞满了。叶子塞满了。The pond was choked with rotten leaves.3)to be unable to talk because of a strong feeling 哽咽地说哽咽地说 choke out/chok
11、e out sth.“Get out!”she choked out.She choked out a reply.choke sth.back 抑制住抑制住,强忍住强忍住(眼泪，情感等眼泪，情感等)choke back the tears9.investigate vt.investigate/look into a caseShe is still under investigation.她仍在接受调查。她仍在接受调查。10.priorityThe government has given top priority to reforming the tax system.政府优先致力于税制
12、改革。政府优先致力于税制改革。我们的头等大事是提高水平。我们的头等大事是提高水平。Our first priority is to improve standards.The search for a new vaccine will take priority over all other medical research.研制新的疫苗将排在其他一切医学研究之前。研制新的疫苗将排在其他一切医学研究之前。11.contradict v.1)反驳；否认；顶嘴反驳；否认；顶嘴 礼貌地反驳别人是很难的。礼貌地反驳别人是很难的。Its difficult to contradict someone p
13、olitely.2)同同矛盾；同矛盾；同抵触抵触Your actions contradict your principles.contradiction n.in contradiction to 与与矛盾，相违背矛盾，相违背contradictory adj.12.conclude v.1)断定，推断出，作出结论断定，推断出，作出结论He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan.It is concluded that.结论是结论是.2)结束，终止结束，终止The party conclude
14、d with a song.conclusion e to/draw/reach a conclusion conclusive Her fingerprints on the gun were conclusive proof of her guilt.adj.确凿的，结论性的确凿的，结论性的13.sumn.总和；金额；款项；全部总和；金额；款项；全部 一大笔钱一大笔钱a large sum of moneyThe sum of 7 and 12 is 19.三角形内角总和为三角形内角总和为180度。度。The sum of all the angles of a triangle is 1
15、80 degrees.v.归纳；总结、概括归纳；总结、概括概括来说，你想要传达的信息到底是什么？概括来说，你想要传达的信息到底是什么？To sum up,what is the message that you are trying to get across?summarize v.summary n.14.accurate adj.精确的精确的准确的计算准确的计算 an calculationaccuracy n.准确性；精确度准确性；精确度 with accuracy 准确地准确地 accurately mit v.(committed committing)1)to do sth.wr
16、ong or illegal 犯犯(罪或错等罪或错等)commit crimes commit suicide 2)commit oneself to doing =be committed to doing sth.致力于致力于他喜欢弹钢琴并坚持练习。他喜欢弹钢琴并坚持练习。He loves playing the piano,and is committed to practicing mitment n.承诺；奉献承诺；奉献committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的a committed member of the team 忠于职守的队员忠于职守的
17、队员16.discriminatev.区别对待；歧视；辨别；偏袒区别对待；歧视；辨别；偏袒A number of features discriminate this species from others.有许多特征使这一物种与其他物种区别开来。有许多特征使这一物种与其他物种区别开来。discrimination n.racial 种族歧视种族歧视17.curious adj.1)have a strong desire to know 求知欲强的求知欲强的,好奇的好奇的 be curious about sth./to do sth.Children tend to be curious
18、about the world around them.2)strange and unusual 稀奇古怪的稀奇古怪的,难以解释的难以解释的It is curious that she left without saying goodbye.curiosity n.U好奇心好奇心,求知欲求知欲 out of curiosity 出于好奇出于好奇C.These antiques are curiosities.古玩；奇品古玩；奇品bathv.batheautomaticadv.automaticallyjournalism journalist n.新闻记者新闻记者;新闻工作者新闻工作者dif
19、fer difference different differentiate v.区别区别organizeorganizer organizationorganized adj.有组织的；系统的有组织的；系统的Book 5 Unit 118.found founded,foundedvt.start or establish(an organization,institution,etc.),esp by providing money;set upfound a companyfindfound;foundwindwound;woundwoundwounded;wounded19.polit
20、ics n.政治事务；政见政治事务；政见policy n.政策政策 politicianpltn n.政治家；政客政治家；政客political adj.政治的政治的20.accuseaccuse sb.of sth.=charge sb.with sth她的助手被指控盗窃。Her assistant was accused of theft.the accused被告被告 accusation kjuzen n.指控；谴责；起诉指控；谴责；起诉 21.witness n./Vt.1）C.a person who sees sth.happen目击者目击者,见证人见证人 a witness t
21、o sth.警方找到了谋杀案的目击者。警方找到了谋杀案的目击者。The police found the witnesses to the murder.2）Vt.to see sth.happen 目击目击,见证见证 她被亲眼目睹的暴力场面惊呆了。她被亲眼目睹的暴力场面惊呆了。She was shocked by the violent scenes she had witnessed.3）Recent years have witnessed a growing social mobility.是发生的地点（或时间、组织等）；见证22.spring up因此，电子书籍应运而生。因此，电子书
22、籍应运而生。Therefore,the electronic books spring up.23.advertise vt./vi.praise sth.publicly in order to encourage people to buy or use itadvertise for sth./sb.advertisement C n.广告广告advertiser n.登广告者登广告者advertising n.广告活动；广告业广告活动；广告业24.persuade:v.persuade sb.to do sth.劝说劝说做做persuade sb.into doing sth.pers
23、uasive argumentspersuasive adj.有说服力的；令人信服的有说服力的；令人信服的After a lot of persuasion,he agreed to come.Upeople of all persuasions(religious or political beliefs)信仰各异的人信仰各异的人25.peakn.峰、顶峰；峰峦；尖端峰、顶峰；峰峦；尖端snow-capped peaks 积雪覆盖的群峰积雪覆盖的群峰她正处在事业的巅峰。她正处在事业的巅峰。Shes at the peak of her career.vi.达到高峰；达到最高值达到高峰；达到最
24、高值20世纪世纪80年代初期，石油产量达到了最高峰。年代初期，石油产量达到了最高峰。Oil production peaked in the early 1980s.adj.最高度的；高峰时期的；巅峰状态的最高度的；高峰时期的；巅峰状态的我们在最繁忙的季节需要额外人手。我们在最繁忙的季节需要额外人手。We need extra help during the peak season.26.boostvt.促进；使兴旺促进；使兴旺n.提高；激励；增长提高；激励；增长增强某人的信心增强某人的信心/士气士气boost sbs confidence/morale这已使股票价格大大提高。这已使股票价格大
25、大提高。This has given share prices a big boost.27.rate n.1)速度；进度速度；进度大多数人步行的平均速度为每小时大多数人步行的平均速度为每小时5公里。公里。Most people walk at an average rate of 5 kilometres an hour.比率；率比率；率 a high rate of unemployment v.1）评估；评价；估价评估；评价；估价The show was rated as a success by critics and audiences.评论家和观众都认为这次演出是成功的。评论家和观
26、众都认为这次演出是成功的。2)划分等级划分等级She is rated number two in her class.她在班上排名第二。她在班上排名第二。28.absorbvt.吸收吸收 Plants absorb nutrients from the soil.Her capacity to absorb information is amazing.理解理解This work had absorbed him for several years.使全神贯注使全神贯注be absorbed inThe old man was completely absorbed in the book.
27、29.discount n./Vt.n.折扣折扣 at a discountBread is sold at a discount in the supermarket after 8:00 p.m.give/offer a discount onWe cant discount the creativity of children.Vt.to think sth.is not important or true 低估低估30.tailorn.(尤指为顾客个别定制男装的尤指为顾客个别定制男装的)裁缝裁缝vt.专门制作；订做专门制作；订做be tailored toSpecial program
28、mes of study are tailored to the needs of specific groups.制订特殊课程，以满足特定群体的需要。制订特殊课程，以满足特定群体的需要。citizennetizenelevationelevateprofessionprofessionalprofessordramadramaticdramaticallycategorycategorizeeditionedit editorinteractioninteractpsychologypsychologicalpsychologistmemorymemorizememorable memorial adj./n.ambassadorembassyamuseamusementamusing/amused
