1、人教版（2024）七年级上册英语Unit 1-7单元语法总结汇编人教版新教材Unit 1 You and Me 语法焦点*be 动词的用法*人称代词/物主代词一、be 动词的用法be 动词是英语中很重要的一类动词，在一般现在时中的具体形式有三种，它们分别是: am, is, are我是： I am = Im（缩写） （第一人称）他/她/它是 ：she/he/it is= shes/hes/its （缩写）（第三人称单数）你是： you are= youre（缩写）（第二人称）二、人称代词/物主代词(1)形容词性物主代词 名词我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他她它们的myyourhisherit
2、souryourtheir(2)人称代词，分为主格和宾格；_主_格在谓语动词前做主语，是动作的发出者；宾格在谓语动词后做宾语，是动作的承受者。人称代词主格：我你他她它我们你们他她它 们Iyouhesheitweyouthey人称代词宾格：我你他她它我们你们他她它 们meyouhimheritusyouthem(3)形容词性物主代词表示“某人的”，其后一定要加名词。且限定词有且只有1个。如：这是她的一件夹克衫。 This is her jacket.(4) 缩写形式：我是: I am = Im（缩写） （第一人称）我们是: we are =were（缩写） （第一人称复数）你(们)是: you
3、are =youre缩写）（第二人称和复数人称）他是:he is = hes（缩写）（第三人称单数） 她是:she is =shes缩写）（第三人称单数）它是: it is = its（缩写）（第三人称单数）他们是她们是它们是: hey are =theyre缩写）（第三人称复数）人教版新教材Unit 2 Were Family 语法焦点*含有实义动词的句子在一般现在时中的主谓一致和变换句式以实义动词 have “拥有，有” 为例子：一、非第三人称单数做主语时的陈述句，一般疑问句及其回答。陈述句：我有一个漂亮的包包。 I have a nice bag. (非三单做主语，have 用原形)变一
4、般疑问句：你有一个漂亮的包包吗？Do you have a nice bag?*句中 do 为助动词, 没有实际意义。规则：非三单做主语，含有实义动词的句子，变一般疑问句，在句首加助动词 do，句末用问号，一人称变二人称。肯定回答：Yes, I do .否定回答： No, I dont. （dont= do not）练习I have a blue pen.一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 We have three family photos.一般疑问句肯定回答 否定回答 They have ten computers.一般疑问句肯定回答 否定回答 Mary and Jack have a bi
5、g house. 一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答二、非第三人称单数做主语时的陈述句，否定句。陈述句：I have a nice bag.否定句：I dont have a nice bag.规则：非三单做主语，变成否定句，在实义动词前加 dont. 表示：“没有”非三单做主语，用 dont 放在 have 前表示否定练习1. I have a basketball.否定句2. We have brothers and sisters .否定句3. They have schoolbags.否定句4. Mary and Jack have a big house .否定句5. My friends
6、have desks.三、第三人称单数做主语时：have 要变为 has陈述句：He has a nice bag.一般疑问句：Does he have a nice bag?3 个条件：三单做主语，含有实义动词，变一般疑问句3 个步骤：句首加助动词 Does，句末变问号，助提前动还原肯定回答：Yes, he does.否定回答： No, he doesnt. （doesnt= does not）*在肯定句中，主语为第三人称单数：she/he/it/单数人名的时候，have 要变成 has，动词变三单形式。练习1. 他有一个篮球。 He has a basketball.一般疑问句肯定回答否定
7、回答四、第三人称单数做主语时，变否定句：陈述句：He has a nice bag.否定句：He doesnt have a nice bag.3 个条件：三单作主语，含有实义动词，变否定句2 个步骤：在实义动词前加 doesnt，助提前动还原三单做主语，用 doesnt 放在 have 前表示否定练习1. He dhas a basketball.一般疑问句肯定回答 否定回答 2. Mary dhas brothers or sisters .一般疑问句肯定回答 否定回答 3. My friend has a book.一般疑问句肯定回答 否定回答 人教版新教材Unit 3 My Schoo
8、l 语法焦点*方位介词及短语*there be 句型一、方位介词及短语1. in front of 和 in the front ofin front of “表示在 的前面”，一般不在该范围内:There is a tall tree in front of our classroom. (位于教室外部的前面)in the front of “表示在 之内的前部”，在该范围内:There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.(位于教室内)2. in, on, toin “表示在事物环境范围内”Shanghai is in the eas
9、t of China.(上海在中国范围之内,用 in)on”指与事物毗邻”Korea is on the northeast of China.(朝鲜和中国毗邻，用 on)to”指在事物环境范围之外”Japan lies to the east of China.(日本位于中国范围之外，用 to)3. on, inon ”表示在某物的表面上，以及树上长的事物”:There is a modern painting on the wall.There are lots of bananas on the tree.in ”表示占去某物内部的一部分，以及停在树上的外来的事物”There is a
10、hole in the wall.There are lots of birds singing in the tree.4. on, underon 指 “在上面”，两物体表面接触:There is a plate on the table.Look！Whats that on the floor?under 表示 “在 正下方”There are many bikes under the tree .We can see an old soccer under his bed.5. behind “表示位置在 后”There is a desk behind the door.6. nex
11、t to ”紧挨着”My desk is next to my best friends desk.7. across from “在对面”Her school is across from her home .8. between and ”两者之间或两两之间”Tom sits between Mary and me .二、there be 句型There be 结构通常被称为存在句，主要表示某处存在某物，并不表示所属关系，经常译为“有”。其中的there为引导词，无词义，be为谓语动词，there be后面的名词为句子主语，这个结构的一般现在时包括there is 和there are。T
12、here be 句型变化较多，例如有肯定句，否定句和疑问句结构1.There is+a/an+单数可数名词+地点状语There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。2.There are+复数可数名词+地点状语There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。3.There is + 不可数名词 +地点状语 例：There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。（水是不可数名词，即使有some，be动词也是单数
13、。）就近原则重点考点：There be句型中，几个名词并列时，be的单复数形式由最近名词单复数决定。如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.本句中有钢笔、书和铅笔，离be最近的是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。疑问句及回答（一）一般疑问句把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。当肯定句中有some时，要改为any（否定变化也一样）。There is some water on Mars.(火星上有一些水)Is there any water on Mars?(火星上有水吗？）There are some f
14、ish in the water.(水里有一些鱼）Are there any fish in the water?(水里有鱼吗?)（二）There be 句型的回答肯定回答：Yes, there is/are.否定回答：No, there isnt/arent.否定形式（一）There be 句型的否定：在be后面加not即可，is not =isnt，are not= arent注意：句中如果出现some则改成any.1.There is a knife in the kitchen.厨房里有一把刀。否定：There is not a knife in the kitchen.厨房里没有刀。
15、练习1. There a book and three pencils on the desk. A. be B. is C. are D. am2. there a new bike in front of our classroom? A. Is B. Are C. Do D. Does3. There any books on your desk. A. arent B. isnt C. dont D. doesnt4. apples are there on the table? There are four. A. How much B. How many C. How large
16、D. How big5. milk is there in the bottle? There is little. A. How many B. How old C. How far D. How much6. less milk in this bottle than in that one. A. There have B. There has C. There is D. There are BAABDC人教版新教材Unit 4 My Favorite Subject 语法焦点*连词 and, but 和 because 的用法*与时间有关的介词一、连词是一种虚词，它不能独立充当句子成
17、分，只能起连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子的作用。连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词。I.并列连词表示单词、短语或句子间有并列关系的连词。And 并列关系和，又，及Its healthy for the mind and the body.She is of medium height, and she has long hair.but转折关系但是，可是I asked him to come here, but he refused.The girl is beautiful but impolite. 从属连词（引导从句）Because 引导原因状语从句because 用来回答 why 的问
18、题， 语气最强， 一般放在主句之后He was absent because he was ill.练习Its hard for us to say goodbye we have so many happy daysto remember.A. so B. because C. although D. but BI like dancing, I dont have enough time to practice it.A. or B. so C. but D. becauseCChen Wei isnt at school today he is taking a robot compet
19、itionin Shanghai.A. so B. because C. before D. ifB二、与时间有关的介词in, on 和 at(1) atat 接具体的时刻和固定搭配: at six twenty, at midnight, at the moment(2) ina. 接 年 份 、 月 份 、 季 节 、 以 及 一 些 固 定 短 语 : in 2017, in May, in spring, in the morning/afternoon/evening, in ten yearsb. 接时间段，用在将来时态，表示“某段时间后”: They will come back
20、 in a week.(3) ona. 表示在具体某天：on Monday ,on May 4thb. 上午、下午和晚上 morning, afternoon, evening, night 等词前后有修饰时候：on the morningof July 6th ，on a rainy morning, on Tuesday morning, on a cold night练习Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays.A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on-There is nothing
21、_tomorrow afternoon, is there?-No. We can have a game of table tennis.A. on B. in C. out D. upA lot of students in our school were born_March, 1981.A. in B. at C. on D. sinceTimsuddenly returned_ a rainy night.A. on B. at C. in D. duringMy grandfather was born_Oct. 10, 1935.A. on B. in C. at D. ofTh
22、e train is starting_five minutes.A. in B. at C. for D.stillMike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening.A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; onB AA A AA B人教版新教材Unit 5 Fun Clubs 语法焦点*情态动词 can*play + 乐器/球类/棋牌一、情态动词can：can的过去式为 could, 常用在疑问句中,表示“请求;许可”, 带有强烈的委婉语气的感情色彩, 回答常用 Certainly. / Sure. / Of cou
23、rse.Could you please tell me your name?能告诉我你的名字吗?Of course. Helen. 当然。我叫海伦。情态动词can的用法：1. 表示体力或智力上的能力。如 Nancy can swim. 南希会游泳。2. 表示可能性。如: It can t be true. 这不可能是真的。3. 表示请求或许可。如 Can I use your bike? 我可以用一下你的自行车吗?情态动词can的句型:肯定句: 主语+can+动词原形+其他Mary can dance. 玛丽会跳舞。否定句: 主语+ cannot / cant+动词原形+其他He can t
24、 play the guitar. 他不会弹吉他。一般疑问句: Can+主语+动词原形+其他?Can you sing? 你会唱歌吗?NO, I cant. 不,我不会。can+动词原形，它不随主语的人称和数而变化。1. 含有can的肯定句：主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。2. 含有can的否定句：主语+cant+动词的原形+其他。3. 变一般疑问句时，把can提前：Can+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes，主语+can。否定回答：No，主语+cant.4. 含有can的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他?练习_you play tennis?No, but I
25、am good at playing soccer. A.Can B. May C.Must D. NeedDad, we can _ sports in the school an hour a day now.Really? That sounds great.A. to play B. plays C. play D. playingCan you sing the English song?Yes,I_.A.can B. do C. can t D. don tCan we talk about the book in the library? _. We have to be qui
26、et(安静的).A. Yes, we can B. Yes, we doC. No, we don t D. No, we can tAlan_sing,but he_dance.A. can ；can t B. can ；canC. can t; can t D. can; mustCan Mary play the piano?_. She can play it well.A. Yes,she can B. No,she can tC. Yes,she doesD. No,she doesn t Can your brother do kung fu? (作否定回答) _, _ _.Al
27、ice is good at dancing. (改为同义句)Alice _ _ very well.Ben can join the art club. (对划线部分提问)_ _ _ Ben _?Fish can swim. (对划线部分提问)_ _ fish _?ACADAANo,he can t can dance What,club,can,join What,can,do 二、play的用法（1）+the如果表示弹奏演奏某一种乐器一定是要the Play the pianoPlay the guitarPlay the violin（2）不加the球类和棋类不加the,其中，棋类pl
28、ay chess 下国际象棋（3）固定常考短语play with sb 和某人一起玩Play with sth 玩某物练习选择“the”或者“/”完成短语。【1】play_football【2】play_chess【3】play_guitar【4】play_basketball【5】play_volleyball【6】play_violin【7】play_table tennis【8】play_piano【1】/【2】/【3】the【4】/【5】/【6】the【7】/【8】the人教版新教材Unit 6 A Day in the Life 语法焦点*时间表达法 * 问时间*频率副词一、时间点的
29、表达1、所有的时间都可以用“小时 + 分钟”直接读：6:10 six ten8:30 eight thirty2:40 two forty2、如果所表述的时间在半小时之内，可以用“分钟 + past + 小时”：6:10 ten past six4:20 twenty past four10:25 twenty-five past ten3、如果所表述的时间在半小时之外，可以用“（相差的）分钟 + to + （下一）小时”：10:35 twenty-five to eleven5:50 ten to six9:49 eleven to ten4、如果所表述的时间恰好为半小时，可以用“half
30、+ past + 小时”：11:30 half past eleven2:30 half past two5、如果所表述的分钟和15有关，就有三种表达法：（15分钟又叫一刻钟：a quarter）9:15 nine fifteen ; fifteen past nine ; a quarter past nine3:45 three forty-five ; fifteen to four ; a quarter to four6、整点的表达：现在是两点整。Its two./Its two oclock.另外英语中的 noon 和midnight 可分别直接表示白天和夜晚的12点：Its (t
31、welve) noon. 现在是中午十二点。Its (twelve) midnight. 现在是半夜零点。7、大约时间：Its almost two. 马上到两点了。Its not quite two. 还不到两点。Its just after two. 刚过两点。8、若想表明是上午，可在时间后加上a.m.如：thirteen past six a.m.（上午六点十三分）。若想表明是下午，可在时间后加上p.m.如：four oclock p.m.（下午四点）。9、向别人询问时间What time is it?Whats the time, please?七点四十 八点到十一八点半 十一点十五9
32、:30 10:15 3:45 11:35 12:00 9:06 8:57 2:21 4:56 twenty to eight eleven past eighthalf past eight quarter past elevenhalf past nine. a quarter past tena quarter to fourten past sixtwentyfive to twelvetwelve（oclock ) .six（minutes ）past nine three（minutes ）to ninetwentyone past twofour（minutes ) to five
33、二、频度副词100%always90%usually80%normally / generally70%often / frequently50%sometimes30%occasionally10%seldom5%hardly ever / rarely0%never频度副词位置1. 主语+频率副词+实意动词I always do my homework after school.2. 主语+be动词+频率副词He isnt usually so generous.3. 主语+情态动词+频率副词+实意动词或be动词I would never be unkind to others.练习_sa
34、y that English is too difficult for us to learn.We can learn it well with efforts.A.AlwaysB.SometimesC.SeldomD.NeverEvery morning Kate gets up late,so she _ has breakfast before going to school.A.usually B.oftenC.hardly ever D.alwaysAll of us like Mr. Smith because his classes are _interesting and l
35、ively.A.always B.sometimesC.never D.hardly ever-Why is Daniel so healthy?-Because he does sports very_.A.always B.oftenC.never D.hardly ever-Does Alice often work until 2 am?-No,she _ does.A.nearlyB.certainlyC.seldom D.always-I didnt know you take a bus to school.-Well,I _ take a bus,but it is snowi
36、ng today.A.hardly ever B.neverC.sometimes D.usuallyTom is so careful that she _makes mistakes in his homework.A.usually B.seldom C.often D.always-Were you often late for class last week?-No,_.I got to school early every day.A.always B.usuallyC.sometimes D.neverDCABCABD人教版新教材Unit 7 Happy Birthday 语法焦
37、点*序数词* 日期的表达* 问数量和价格一、序数词英语数词主要分为两大类，分别为基数词和序数词。（1）序数词的主要形式：1. 第一至第十九其中， onefirst， twosecond， threethird， fivefifth，eighteighth，nineninth，twelvetwelfth为特殊形式，其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面加“th”构成。2. 第二十至第九十九整数第几十的序数词形式由其对应的基数词改变词尾字母y为i，再加“eth”构成。表示第几十几时，用几十的基数词加上连字符“”和个位序数词形式一起表示。thirty-first 第三十一，fifty-sixth 第
38、五十六，seventy-third 第七十三，ninety-ninth 第九十九。3. 第一百以上的多位序数词将个位基数词变为序数词。例如： one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一，one thousand three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十。4. 序数词的缩写形式有时，序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。缩写形式由“阿拉伯数字 序数词形式末尾两个字母”表示，例如：firstlst， second2nd，third3rd，fourth4th，sixth6th，twentieth20th，twenty-third23rd。其中lst，2
39、nd，3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。（2）序数词的句法功能序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语The second is mine 第二个是我的。（作主语）He chose the second 他挑选了第二个。（作宾语）The first plan is better than the second. 第一个计划比第二个计划好。（作定语）She is the second in our class 她是我们班的第二名。（作表语）（3）序数词的用法及其所搭配冠词问题序数词前用定冠词的常见情况。1. 强调编号、顺序或者排名。Autumn is the third seaso
40、n of the year. 秋天是一年中的第三个季节。2. 序数词本身用作名词（其后无其它名词）。Who was the fourth in the examination? 谁在这次考试中获得第四名？3. 表示日期。June the fifth, the fifth of June, 六月五日（写作：June 5）。序数词前用不定冠词的情况。1. 表示“又（另）一”。The book is so interesting that Ill read it a second time. 这本书太有趣了，我还要再读一遍。2. 表示分数。分子用基数词或不定冠词a，分母用序数词，当分母大于或等于2时
41、，序数词用复数形式。三分之一a third; 五分之一a fifth；五分之二，two fifths。序数词前不用冠词的情况。1. 在某些习惯用语以及专有名词前。at first起先，first of all首先，first or last迟早，from first to last自始至终，First Lady（美国）总统夫人。2. 序数词用作副词时。His name stands first on the list. 他名列榜首。3. 序数词前有名词所有格、物主代词或形容词等所限定时。Fortunately for him， his fathers second wife was kind to him, too. 他很幸运，他的继母对他也很慈爱。二、 日期的表达（1）表示年份通常，读“年份”时，以“百”为基础单位，并用基数词表示。169年，读作one hundredand sixty-nine1985年，读作nineteenhundredand eighty-five表示四位数的年份时，通常可以省略“hundred”，即分成两部分来读，但“2000年”一般读作“two thousand。1985年，读作nineteen eighty-five1768年，读作seventeen sixty-eight（2）表示世纪、年代
