1、 中考英语 （山东专用） 专题九 被动语态 题组一 一般现在时的被动语态 A组 20162020年山东中考题组 1.(2020滨州,29)Will you go to Lisas housewarming party next Sunday? Well, if I , I will go on time. A.invite B.will invite C.am invited D.will be invited 答案答案 C 句意:下星期天你会去Lisa的乔迁宴会吗?噢,如果我被邀请,我会准时去的。本题考查 一般现在时的被动语态。本句为if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时
2、。去Lisa的 乔迁宴会,我应该是被邀请,用被动语态。主语是I,be动词用am。故选C。 2.(2017青岛,9)Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they to drive a car. A.are allowed B.allowed C.will be allowed D.allow 答案答案 A 句意:青少年必须年满18岁才会被允许开车。they与allow之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。此 题讲的是一个一般事实,故用一般现在时,因此选A。 3.(2020威海,45)Mrs. Rogers doesnt agree that her sons
3、 time (take) up completely by schoolwork. 答案答案 is taken 句意:罗杰斯太太不同意她儿子的时间完全被功课占用。本题考查一般现在时的被动语 态。从主句的谓语“doesnt agree”可知本句为一般现在时,从“by schoolwork”可知应该用被动语态。 由于take的主语为her sons time,故填is taken。 4.(2020临沂,64)It is full of cars. It (pollute) heavily. 答案答案 is polluted 句意:它(这座城市)挤满了汽车。它被严重地污染了。由“It is full
4、 of cars”可知用一 般现在时,它挤满了汽车,所以是被污染了。主语It是第三人称单数,故填is polluted。 5.(2020潍坊,26)He has to paint the fence because he (punish) for the mistakes he made yesterday. 答案答案 is punished 从前面的has to“不得不”可知并不是他想要粉刷篱笆,故判断是被惩罚。故用被动 语态。从前面的has可知本句为一般现在时态,主语为第三人称单数,故填is punished。 6.(2019威海,36)We are fixing the windows
5、in Classroom 6. The work (expect)to take a couple of weeks. 答案答案 is expected 句意:我们正在修理6教室的窗户。这项工作预计需要几个星期。本题考查被动语 态。从第一句可知,窗户还没修理完,应该是现在被期望用几周的时间,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故 填is expected。 题组二 一般过去时的被动语态 1.(2018菏泽,23)It is believed that tea to Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries. A.brought B.
6、was brought C.is brought 答案答案 B 句意:人们认为,茶在六至七世纪之间从中国被带到朝鲜和日本。本题考查动词的时态和语 态。由题意可知应用被动语态,由during 6th and 7th centuries可知应用一般过去时。故选B。 2.(2020东营,65)Then an air ambulance helicopter (急救直升机) arrived and the baby (take) to hospital. 答案答案 was taken 句意:随后,一架空中急救直升机赶到,婴儿被送往医院。从前面的谓语arrived可知用一 般过去时,婴儿是被带走,应用被
7、动语态。所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was taken。 3.(2019青岛,43)He (require) to hand in his science report last week. 答案答案 was required 根据句意“上周他被要求交他的科学报告。”可知用被动语态;时间状语为last week,应用一般过去时,故填was required。 4.(2018青岛,33)The first cartoon film with sound and music (make) in New York in 1928. 答案答案 was made 句意:在1928年,第一部带声音和音
8、乐的卡通电影在纽约被制造。由句意和in 1928可知 用一般过去时的被动语态。 5.(2018潍坊,五,6)Pennsylvania (give) to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name. 答案答案 was given 句意:宾夕法尼亚后来被授予Penn家族。那就是宾夕法尼亚如何得名。根据句意判断, 应该使用被动语态。宾夕法尼亚如何得名是以前的事,因此应该用一般过去时。 题组三 一般将来时的被动语态 1.(2019菏泽,29)Would you like to go shopping with me aft
9、er lunch? Id love to, but I to go out this afternoon. A.dont allow B.will allow C.wont be allowed 答案答案 C 句意:午饭后你想和我一起去购物吗?我很乐意,但是今天下午不允许我外出。根据上 下文可知,是别人不允许他外出,所以应该用被动语态。再根据时间状语“this afternoon”可知,应该用一 般将来时。故选C。 2.(2017莱芜,33)More schools in Laiwu to provide children with better education in a few year
10、s. A.built B.are built C.were built D.will be built 答案答案 D 句意:几年以后,在莱芜更多的学校将被建成,来提供给孩子们更好的教育。本题考查动词的时 态和语态。根据in a few years可知应用一般将来时,“学校”与“建造”是被动关系,故选D。 3.(2020青岛,43,改编)A classical concert (hold) online next month. 答案答案 will be held concert与hold之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;时间状语为next month,为一般将来时,故 填will be held。
11、题组四 含有情态动词的被动语态 1.(2016青岛,13)Children should to be honest from a young age. A.educate B.be educated C.punish D.be punished 答案答案 B 句意:孩子应该从小被教育做个诚实的人。本题考查动词的被动语态。children和educate之间 是被动关系,应用被动语态,又因设空处前有情态动词,应用含有情态动词的被动语态“情态动词+be+动词 过去分词”,故答案为B项。 2.(2019烟台,61)Since short stories can (read) in any place
12、, they are perfect for book clubs and learn- ing circles. 答案答案 be read 句意:因为短篇小说可以在任何地方阅读,所以非常适合读书俱乐部和学习圈。本题考查 被动语态。空前的主语为短篇小说,是被读者读的对象,应该用被动语态。情态动词can后面应该接动词原 形,故填be read。 题组一 一般现在时的被动语态 B组 20162020年全国中考题组 1.(2020贵州贵阳,37)“Krystal, do you know how tea is produced?” “Yes. When tea leaves are ready, t
13、hey are picked by hand and then for processing.” A.send B.are sent C.were sent 答案答案 B 句意:“克里斯托,你知道茶是怎么生产的吗?”“是的。茶叶长成后,它们被手工采摘,然后送 去加工。”本题考查时态和语态。根据句意可知,茶叶是被送去加工的,所以要用被动语态。根据语境可 知,要用一般现在时。故选B。 2.(2020河北,37)Train tickets online. It is convenient. A.sold B.were sold C.are sold D.have sold 答案答案 C 句意:火车票
14、在网上出售。这很方便。本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语Train tickets与动词 sell为被动关系,由此可知应用被动语态,故排除A、D选项。根据第二句时态(一般现在时)可推知第一句介 绍的是现在的情况,需用一般现在时,故本题选择C项。 3.(2020江西,35)You lunch at school. So you dont have to bring your own food. A.give B.will give C.are given D.have given 答案答案 C 句意:你的学校提供午餐,所以你不必自己带饭。本题考查动词的被动语态。根据后一句中you dont have
15、 to bring your own food可知,学校会提供午餐,you与give是被动关系,故选C。 4.(2018江西,34)Kids have to take many after-school classes. They hard to study for good grades. A.push B.are pushed C.are pushing D.have pushed 答案答案 B 句意:孩子们不得不参加许多校外的课程。他们被严厉督促学习以取得好成绩。本题考查动词 的被动语态。push推动,督促。主语They与动词push之间是被动关系,故用被动语态。 思路分析思路分析 判断
16、动词的语态要看主语和动词的主被动关系,如果主语不能执行动词的动作则用被动语态。 5.(2019江苏连云港,51)Every year in early October, Albuquerque International Balloon Festival is h in Albuquerque, the biggest city in New Mexico. 答案答案 held 句意:每年10月初,阿尔伯克基国际热气球节在新墨西哥州最大的城市阿尔伯克基举行。本 题考查动词的语态。根据句意可知,此处意思是“举行”,且表示被动,故填held。 题组二 一般过去时的被动语态 1.(2020北京,11
17、)The kite in China more than 2,000 years ago. A.invents B.invented C.is invented D.was invented 答案答案 D 句意:风筝是两千多年前在中国发明的。本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。首先根据句中 的时间状语more than 2,000 years ago判断句子应用一般过去时,主语The kite是“被发明”,故此处应用一 般过去时的被动语态,其结构为:主语+was/were+过去分词。主语The kite是单数名词,be动词用was,invent 的过去分词是invented,故选D。 2.(20
18、20重庆,27)Another bridge over the Jialing River last year. A.builds B.built C.is built D.was built 答案答案 D 句意:去年嘉陵江上又修建了一座桥。本题考查动词的时态和语态。bridge作主语,和谓语动词 build存在被动关系。结合句中的时间状语last year可知,此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 3.(2019北京,11)My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday. A.accepts B.accepted C.was
19、accepted D.is accepted 答案答案 C 句意:上周一我在如何节约用纸方面的建议被我的同学们接受了。本题考查一般过去时的被动 语态。根据时间状语last Monday可以确定是一般过去时;advice与accept之间是被动关系,且空后有表被动 的标志词by,故用被动语态,因此选C。 4.(2020湖南常德,48)The telephone (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. 答案答案 was invented 句意:电话是由亚历山大 格拉汉姆 贝尔在1876年发明的。本题考查时态和语态。 telephone和谓语动词inve
20、nt之间构成被动关系且时间状语表过去,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。 5.(2019江苏连云港,50)Last week Professor Li was (邀请)to make a speech on traditional Chinese festi- vals. 答案答案 invited 句意:上周李教授受邀就中国传统节日发表了演讲。本题考查被动语态。根据句中的was 和中文提示可知此处应填invited。 题组三 一般将来时的被动语态 1.(2020天津,32)That machine is broken. It tomorrow. A.repaired B.was repaired C
21、.will repair D.will be repaired 答案答案 D 句意:那台机器坏了,它明天将被修理。本题考查动词的时态和语态。It指代上文提到过的That machine,与repair为被动关系,故此处需用被动语态。由tomorrow可知,此处应该用一般将来时的被动语态, 故答案为D项。 2.(2019广东,38)It is said that one Greater Bay Area university in Guangdong in the future. A.will be built B.build C.will build D.is built 答案答案 A 句意:
22、据说将来广东要建一所大湾区大学。本题考查动词的时态和语态。从句的主语one Greater Bay Area university与动词build之间存在被动关系, in the future表示“在未来”,所以谓语动词应该 用一般将来时的被动语态,故选A。 3.(2018上海,64)We will hold a class meeting to talk about teamwork next Friday.(改为被动语态) A class meeting will to talk about teamwork next Friday. 答案答案 be held 原句为一般将来时,改为被动语
23、态后,will后应加be,hold改为过去分词held。 题组四 含有情态动词的被动语态 1.(2016湖南怀化,28)Sixteen-year-olds should not to drive. A.allowing B.be allowed C.allow 答案答案 B 句意:16岁的人不应该被允许开车。本题考查被动语态。因主语Sixteen-year-olds和动词allow 构成被动关系,故用被动语态。 知识拓展知识拓展 sixteen-year-olds 意为“16岁的人”,作名词。sixteen-year-old意为“16岁的”,作形容词。six- teen years old意为
24、“16岁”,表年纪。 2.(2019浙江宁波,45)In Ningbo, everyone knows that things in blue rubbish bins can be (回收利用). 答案答案 recycled 句意:在宁波,每个人都知道蓝色垃圾桶里的东西能被回收利用。本题考查含有情态动词 的被动语态。 3.(2018浙江湖州,66)First of all, I think more bike lanes should (build). 答案答案 be built 句意:首先,我认为应该建设更多的自行车专用道。本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态。 解题关键解题关键 主语bike
25、lanes与设空处的build是被动关系,且设空处前出现情态动词should,因此设空处的形 式是“be+动词的过去分词”。 4.(2018新疆乌鲁木齐,89)All the students have to pay attention to the pronunciation of each word.(变为被动语 态)Attention to be to the pronunciation of each word by all the students. 答案答案 has;paid 与原句对比,因该句主语变为Attention,为不可数名词,所以第一个空填has;被动语态基本 结构为“b
26、e+动词的过去分词”,pay的过去分词为paid,故第二个空填paid。 题组一 一般现在时的被动语态 C组 教师专用题组 1.(2020海南,38)Many successful businessmen to Hainan to give advice on how to build Hainan Free Trade Port. A.invite B.are invited C.are inviting 答案答案 B 句意:许多成功的商人被邀请到海南就如何建设海南自由贸易港建言献策。本题考查动词语 态。分析句子可知,主语 Many successful businessmen和谓语动词in
27、vite之间存在被动关系,所以此处应用 被动语态。故选B。 2.(2020江苏南京,12)Now waste from daily life in the city of Shanghai to be separated into four differ- ent groups. A.is requiring B.is required C.was required D.required 答案答案 B 句意:现在在上海市,日常生活中产生的垃圾被要求分成四种不同的类型。本题结合时态考查 动词的语态。根据时间状语Now可知,此处应用一般现在时,表示现在的状况。主语waste与require之间是
28、逻辑上的被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B项。 3.(2020新疆,30)Most of the earths surface by water. A.is covered B.covers C.is grown D.grows 答案答案 A 句意:地球表面的大部分被水覆盖。本题考查动词词义辨析和被动语态。地球的表面的大部分 是被水覆盖的,由此可知本题应用cover一词,故选择A或B选项。动词cover与Most of the earths surface为 被动关系,故本题选择A。 4.(2019河北,32)These cakes with chocolate. Have one,
29、please. A.fill B.filled C.are filled D.were filled 答案答案 C 句意:这些蛋糕里面装满了巧克力。请尝一块。本题考查动词的时态和被动语态。主语These cakes与动词fill之间为被动关系,由此可知本空用被动语态。又因为本句陈述的是客观事实,故本空应用一 般现在时态,故本题选择C。 5.(2018新疆乌鲁木齐,28)Can you go to the movies with me tonight? I have to ask my mum. If I , I will go with you. A.allow B.allowed C.am
30、allowed D.was allowed 答案答案 C 句意:今晚你能和我去看电影吗?我得问我妈妈。如果我获得允许,我就会和你一起 去。本题考查动词的语态和时态。在If引导的从句中,I是动作allow的承受者,即“我被允许”,故应用被动 语态,排除A、B选项。又因含if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句遵循“主将从现”原则,故从句用一般 现在时表示将来,故选C。 题组二 一般过去时的被动语态 1.(2020辽宁营口,18)It was amazing that Huoshenshan Hospital in such a short time at the beginning of 2020.
31、Yes. Thats China Speed. A.built B.is built C.was built D.has built 答案答案 C 句意:2020年年初,火神山医院在如此短的时间内建成,这太令人惊讶了。是的。那是 中国速度。本题考查时态和语态。Huoshenshan Hospital与动词build是被动关系,故用被动语态。时间状 语at the beginning of 2020表示过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 2.(2020内蒙古包头,33)Earth Day in 1970 for the first time, and the Day now include
32、s events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). A.celebrated B.was celebrated C.is celebrated D.has been celebrated 答案答案 B 句意:地球日在1970年第一次被庆祝,并且这个节日现在涵盖了190多个国家和地区的活动。本 题考查动词的时态和语态。本句的主语Earth Day和谓语动词celebrate之间为被动关系。由此可知本题应 该用被动语态,故可选择B或C选项。再结合本句时间状语in 1970可知,本空应该用一般过去时,故选择B。 3.(2019湖北黄冈,31)Oh
33、, your room is too dirty, Mike! Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it. A.didnt clean B.isnt cleaned C.was cleaned D.wasnt cleaned 答案答案 D 句意:哦,你的房间太脏了,迈克!对不起,妈妈。昨天它没被打扫。我忘了打扫它。此 题考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据答语中的yesterday可以确定是一般过去时,而答语中的It指的就是 room,房间应该是被打扫,要用被动语态,所以排除A;根据I forgot to do it可知,房间没有被打扫,所以要用否 定形
34、式,因此选D。 4.(2017江苏苏州,13)Why hasnt Tony come? The invitation letter to Toby by mistake. A.was emailed B.has emailed C.is emailed D.emailed 答案答案 A 句意:托尼为什么还没有来?邀请信被误发给了托比。本题考查动词的时态和语态。 答句主语为The invitation letter,此处应用被动语态表示邀请信被发送出去,排除B、D两项;再根据托尼到 现在还没来可知,邀请信是在过去被发送错了,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选A项。 题组三 一般将来时的被动语态 1.
35、(2018北京,11)A new international airport in the city next year. A.completes B.is completed C.will complete D.will be completed 答案答案 D 句意:一个新的国际机场明年将在这个城市完成。此题考查时态和语态。句子主语为airport,它 与complete之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,构成方式是“be+过去分词”,而时间状语为next year,所以是 一般将来时的被动语态,故选择D。 评析评析 在考查动词的被动语态时,多数情况也考查动词的时态。因此在做此类型题时要求考生先
36、判断时 态然后再去判断主语与动词之间的主被动关系。 2.(2018辽宁沈阳,2)There will be fewer workers in factories because most work by robots in the future. A.is done B.was done C.will be done D.will do 答案答案 C 句意:将来大多数的工作由机器人来做,所以工厂里会有较少的工人。本题考查动词时态和语 态。根据前面There will be可知because从句中也应用一般将来时,而且work与do之间是被动关系,所以用 一般将来时的被动语态,故选C。 题组四
37、含有情态动词的被动语态 1.(2016湖南张家界,22)Please come back earlier, honey! Im not a child!I should what to do! A.be told B.not be told C.tell 答案答案 B 句意:亲爱的,请早点回来!我不是小孩子了!我不应该被告知做什么!本题考查动词的 语态。I与tell之间为被动关系,排除C,根据句意选B。 2.(2016湖北黄冈,36)Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him? No problem!I thin
38、k he to think twice before starting. A.should be told B.can tell C.should tell D.can be telling 答案答案 A 句意:汤姆在功课上总是很粗心。你能帮助他吗?没问题!我想他应该被告知开始前要 三思。本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语he是动作的承受者,根据句意应使用含有情态动词的被 动语态,故选A。 题组一 一般现在时的被动语态 1.(2020东营一模,29)A school bus to take children to and from school. A.uses B.used C.is use
39、d D.was used 答案答案 C 句意:校车被用来接送孩子们上下学。本题考查动词的时态和语态。use sth. to do sth.用做 某事,此处为它的被动形式sth. be used to do sth.,故用被动语态;校车用来接送孩子上下学是一般情况,应用 一般现在时,故选C。 2.(2018泰安岱岳一模,58)Could you tell me where silk is p in China? 答案答案 produced 句意:你能告诉我丝绸是在中国哪里生产的吗?本题考查动词的语态。silk和produce是 被动关系,应用被动语态,故填produced。 题组二 一般过去时的
40、被动语态 1.(2020滨州一模,32)We have saved much time and money since the new machines to our factory. A.are brought B.were brought C.have brought D.brought 答案答案 B 句意:自从新机器被引进我们工厂,我们节省了大量的时间和金钱。本题考查被动语态。机器 被引进工厂,此处应用被动语态;since引导的时间状语从句应用一般过去时,故选B。 2.(2020菏泽牡丹一模,29)19 people in a big forest fire in Liangshan,
41、Sichuan. A.kill B.were killed C.killed 答案答案 B 句意:在四川凉山森林大火中有19人丧生。本题考查被动语态。people和kill是被动关系,应该 用被动语态,被动语态的结构为“be+过去分词”,故选B。 3.(2019淄博沂源九上期末,82)这些货物价格低廉,很快就被销售一空。 These goods were so cheap that they were soon . 答案答案 sold out 根据“货物被销售一空”可知,应用被动语态,其结构为:be+过去分词。sell out卖光,sell 的过去分词为sold。 题组三 一般将来时的被动语态
42、 1.(2019济南商河一模,43)Jinan Metro Line R2(济南地铁R2号线) in 2021. A.completes B.is completed C.will be completed D.will complete 答案答案 C 句意:济南地铁R2号线将在2021年完工。本题考查动词的时态和语态。本句时间状语为in 202 1,指的是将来的时间,用一般将来时;Jinan Metro Line R2与complete 之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选C。 2.(2019烟台龙口五中九下期中,68)The famous writer (采访)about his new wo
43、rks next week. 答案答案 will be interviewed 句意:这位著名的作家下周将就他的新作品被采访。本题考查动词的时态和语 态。由时间状语next week可知用一般将来时,作家被采访,用被动语态。 题组四 含有情态动词的被动语态 1.(2019济南长清一模,41)Many students usually go to the old peoples home to help the old people in their spare time. Thats good.The old should be . A.look after B.depended on C.c
44、ared for D.took care of 答案答案 C 句意:许多学生通常在他们的空闲时间去养老院帮助老人。那很好。老人们应该被关 心。本题考查动词的语态。本句主语The old指老人们,be动词之后应该填过去分词表示被动,选项中B和C 为过去分词,但是depend on意为“依靠”,care for意为“关心,照顾”,故选C。 2.(2020日照二模,53)Time is something that cant (see) or touched, but we feel it passing by. 答案答案 be seen 句意:时间是看不见摸不着的东西,但我们感觉得到它在流逝。本题
45、考查被动语态。由句 意和or touched可知应用被动语态,由于前面有情态动词,故be动词用原形。故填be seen。 1. (2020福建,32)Your hometown is famous for tea, right? Yes. Now tea plants on most mountains here. A.will grow B.are grown C.were grown 答案答案 B 句意:你的家乡因茶叶而出名,是吗?是的。现在这里茶树被种在大多数山上。本题考 查被动语态。主语tea plants与grow为被动关系,又因为时间状语是now,应当用一般现在时的被动语态。 故选
46、B。 2. (2020吉林,30)How delicious the cake is!It by my grandmother this morning. A.made B.is made C.was made 答案答案 C 本题考查时态和语态。由this morning可知用一般过去时; It指cake, by意为“被”, 故使用被动 语态。故选C。 3.(2019临沂,24)Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea. A.is c
47、reated B.was created C.creates 答案答案 A 句意:全世界,每年生产3亿吨塑料,其中约10%最终流入大海。本题考查动词的语态。塑料是被 创造出来的,应该用被动语态:be+过去分词;each year每年,为一般现在时的时间状语,主语plastic为不可数 名字,be动词用第三人称单数形式is,故选A。 4.(2019河南,32)Where is your book report?Did your dog eat it again? No, it almost , and then my computer just died on me! A.不填;finishes B.不填;finished C.is;finished D.was;finished 答案答案 D 句意:你的读书报告在哪里?你的狗又把它吃了吗?不是的,我快要写完那份报告时电 脑恰好死机了!本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据上下文可以看出要用一般过去时,且主语it指的是读书 报告,与finish(完成)之间是被动关系,故选D项。 5.(2019德州二模,10)Can you sing this English song? Of course,I can.It many times on t
