1、 中考英语 专题六 动词和动词短语 A组 2019年全国中考题组 考点一 动词 题组一题组一 单项选择单项选择 1.(2020江西,33)The performer because there was too much noise coming from the crowd. A.continued B.relaxed C.stopped D.won 答案答案 C 句意:这位表演者停了下来,因为人群中传来太多噪音。本题考查动词词义辨析。continue继续; relax放松;stop停止;win赢。因为人群中噪音太多,所以表演者不得不停止表演,故选C。 2.(2020湖北武汉,34)What
2、makes you were going to sell the house? I hear that youve got a job abroad. A.doubt B.wonder C.promise D.suppose 答案答案 D 句意:什么使你认为我们要卖掉房子?我听说你已经在国外得到了一份工作。本题考 查动词词义辨析。suppose意为“认为,推断”,结合句意可知本题选择D。doubt怀疑;wonder想知道; promise承诺,许诺。 3.(2020新疆,32)Pay no attention to those who laugh at you. What most is ho
3、w you see yourself. A.drinks B.matters C.cares D.minds 答案答案 B 句意:不要在意那些嘲笑你的人。最要紧的是你怎么看待你自己。本题考查动词词义辨析。 drink喝;matter要紧;care关心,在乎;mind介意。由句意可知本题选择B。 4.(2020内蒙古包头,32)Livestreaming(直播) a new chance for traditional culture artists. A.practices B.provides C.promises D.protects 答案答案 B 句意:直播为传统文化艺术家提供了一个新的
4、机会。本题考查动词词义辨析。practice练习; provide提供;promise承诺;protect保护。结合句意可知本题选择B。 5.(2020辽宁营口,9)Last Thursday when I got to the railway station, I I left my ID card at home. A.realised B.believed C.thought D.considered 答案答案 A 句意:上周四当我到达火车站时,我意识到我把身份证落在家里了。本题考查动词词义辨析。 realise意识到;believe相信;think认为;consider考虑。根据常识可
5、知,到火车站要出示身份证,找不到时意识 到身份证落在家里了。故选A。 6.(2020天津,29)I was busy this morning and didnt have time to my email. A.waste B.punish C.believe D.check 答案答案 D 句意:今天早上我很忙,没有时间来检查我的电子邮件。本题考查动词辨析。waste浪费;punish 惩罚;believe相信;check检查。根据my email可知,应该用check来表示检查电子邮件。故答案为D项。 题组二题组二 单句填空单句填空 1.(2020吉林,23)Climbers is an
6、exciting movie. Im going to it. 答案答案 see/watch/enjoy 本题考查动词。根据语境可以得知代词it在此处指代的是电影,所以用动词see/ watch/enjoy。 2.(2020新疆,75)Our school is going to (修建) a new library next month. 答案答案 build be going to 后应该用动词原形,故本空填build。 3.(2020新疆,68)We need to c up with a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up.
7、 答案答案 come 句意:我们需要想出一个计划来告诉人们关于城市公园清扫的事情。固定短语come up with 意为“想出,提出”,结合句意可知本空填come。 考点二 动词短语 1.(2020天津,25)Lang Ping is a symbol of courage and success, and we her. A.come from B.stand for C.take pride in D.get ready for 答案答案 C 句意:郎平是勇气和成功的象征,我们为她感到骄傲。本题考查动词短语。come from来自;stand for代表;take pride in为感到骄
8、傲;get ready for为做好准备。 知识拓展 take pride in=be proud of。 2.(2020湖北武汉,39)You have plenty of homework,dont you? Yeah,it the little time I have outside of school. A.makes up B.takes up C.turns down D.breaks down 答案答案 B 句意:你有许多家庭作业,不是吗?是的,它占据了我所拥有的那点校外时间。本题考查 动词短语。make up和好,编造;take up占据,开始从事;turn down关小;br
9、eak down出故障。结合句意可知本 题选择B。 3.(2020云南昆明,30)Its reported that the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games have been until July 23,2021. A.put up B.put down C.put on D.put off 答案答案 D 句意:据报道,2020东京奥运会已经被推迟到2021年7月23日。本题考查动词短语辨析。A.举起, 搭建;B.放下;C.穿上;D.推迟。根据语境和关键词2020和July 23,2021可知,此处应该选择“推迟”。 4.(2020湖北黄冈,29)It is very co
10、ld outside, dear. You have to your warm jacket. OK. I will, Mom. A.put on B.put off C.take off D.take up 答案答案 A 句意:亲爱的,外面非常冷,你必须穿上你保暖的夹克。好的,我会的,妈妈。本题考查动 词词组辨析。put on穿上;put off推迟,拖延;take off脱下,起飞;take up开始从事,占据。根据题意,因为外边 太冷,所以要穿上保暖的夹克。故答案为A。 5.(2020辽宁营口,12)Tonys room is tidy, isnt it? Yes. Because he
11、 always his toys after playing with them. A.moves away B.puts away C.sweeps away D.gives away 答案答案 B 句意:托尼的房间很整洁,不是吗?是的。因为他总是在玩完玩具后就收起来。本题考 查动词短语辨析。move away搬走;put away将收好;sweep away消灭;give away赠送。 6.(2020新疆,27)I dont know how to the old clothes. You can give them away to the charity. A.hand in B.de
12、al with C.take up D.clean up 答案答案 B 句意:我不知道怎么处理这些旧衣服。你可以把它们捐给慈善机构。本题考查动词短 语。hand in上交; deal with处理,处置; take up占据,开始从事; clean up打扫干净。由句意可知本题选择B。 知识拓展 动词短语deal with的同义短语为do with,但是do with 应该和what连用。 7.(2020内蒙古包头,27)Hes already playing in a band, and he only playing the guitar a year ago! A.took up B.s
13、et up C.put up D.gave up 答案答案 A 句意:他已经在乐队中演出了,他仅仅在一年前才开始弹吉他的!本题考查动词短语。take up开 始从事,占据;set up建立;put up搭建,张贴;give up放弃。由句意可知本题选择A。 知识拓展 含有up的动词短语还有:wake up醒来;bring up抚养;make up和好,编造;eat up吃光;pick up 捡起; grow up 长大;cheer up 使振奋。 8.(2020吉林,31)We mustnt the bus until it stops. A.get off B.put off C.turn
14、off 答案答案 A 本题考查动词词组。get off意为“下(车)”;put off意为“推迟”;turn off意为“关闭”。根据 “直到公交车停下来,我们才能下车”可知选A。 9.(2020贵州贵阳,41)Drugs are harmful to peoples physical and mental health. We teenagers must them. A.take care of B.keep away from C.get used to 答案答案 B 句意:毒品对人们的身体和精神健康有害。我们青少年必须要远离它们。本题考查动词短语。 take care of照顾;kee
15、p away from远离;get used to习惯于。根据第一句可知,毒品有害于人们的身体和精神 健康,所以青少年应该远离毒品。故选B。 10.(2020山西,27)This year marks Earth Days 50th birthday. It was created to remind people to the earththe home to all the living things. A.talk about B.care about C.hear about 答案答案 B 句意:今年是第50个地球日。设立这个节日是为了提醒人们关爱地球所有生物共同的家 园。本题考查动词
16、短语的辨析。A.谈论;B.关心;C.听说。根据句意和常识,设立“地球日”的目的是提醒 大家关爱地球。 B组 20162019年全国中考题组 考点一 动词 题组一题组一 单项选择单项选择 1.(2019江西,29)Youll have to the books because there arent enough for everyone. A.pack B.sell C.choose D.share 答案答案 D 句意:你们将不得不共享这些书,因为这些书不够每个人用。本题考查动词词义辨析。pack 打 包;sell 出售;choose选择;share分享,共享。故选择D。 2.(2019天津,
17、24)We should making a noise in the library. A.avoid B.prefer C.practise D.enjoy 答案答案 A 句意:我们应该避免在图书馆制造噪音。本题考查动词词义辨析。avoid 避免;prefer 更喜欢; practise 练习;enjoy 喜欢,享受。由句意可知本题选择A。 3.(2019新疆,31)Mum likes soap operas. Lets buy a TV for her. A.becoming B.watching C.looking D.smelling 答案答案 B 句意:妈妈喜欢看肥皂剧。让我们给她买
18、台电视吧!本题考查动词词义辨析。A选项意为“变 得,变成”;B选项意为“观看”;C选项意为“看”,为不及物动词;D选项意为“闻”。根据句意及词的搭 配可知选B。 知识拓展知识拓展 关于watch的固定搭配:watch TV/a movie看电视/电影;watch a football match观看一场足球赛; watch out 当心,小心;watch sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事;watch sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事;be on the watch小心提防,警戒。 4.(2019湖北武汉,36)Have you chemistry for the comin
19、g exam? Yes. Im quite ready for it. A.repeated B.copied C.marked D.reviewed 答案答案 D 句意:你为即将到来的考试复习化学了吗?是的,我已经准备好了。本题考查动词的词 义辨析。A:重复;B:复制;C:做记号;D:复习。根据语境“即将到来的考试”可知,应该选择“复习”, 故本 题选择D。 5.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特,3)Jack, lets have a picnic after school. Sorry. I have Frank to work on the biology report with him. A.
20、advised B.expected C.suggested D.promised 答案答案 D 句意:杰克,咱们放学以后去野餐吧。对不起,我已经答应Frank和他一起做生物报告 了。本题考查动词词义辨析。advise建议;expect期待;suggest建议;promise承诺。根据句意可知,D项符合 题意。 6.(2019云南,34)I cant find my keys. Maybe I them at home this morning. A.left B.forgot C.lost D.missed 答案答案 A 句意:我找不到我的钥匙了。也许今天早晨我把它们忘在家里了。本题考查动词
21、词义辨析。 leave表示将某物落在某个地方,符合语境,故选择A项。 7.(2018江西,28)The food is very delicious in that restaurant. We could go and it. A.sell B.help C.produce D.try 答案答案 D 句意:那家饭店的食物很美味。我们可以去尝试一下。本题考查动词词义辨析。因为美味,所 以想要品尝,故选D。sell卖;help帮助;produce生产。try在此处的意思相当于taste(品尝)。 8.(2018天津,23)I am afraid we cannot to take a taxi.
22、 Lets go by underground instead. A.refuse B.afford C.forget D.fall 答案答案 B 句意:恐怕我们支付不起坐出租车。让我们坐地铁代替吧。此题考查动词辨析。refuse拒绝,af- ford支付得起,forget忘记,fall开始变成。根据上下句语境理解可以选出B。 9.(2018新疆,30)Wow; your sweater is very beautiful!How much is it? Thank you. It me 30 dollars. A.spend B.paid C.cost D.take 答案答案 C 句意:哇,
23、你的毛衣非常漂亮!多少钱?谢谢。它花了我30美元。本题考查动词辨析。 “sth. costs(sb.)+金钱”意为“某物花了(某人)多少钱”。 知识拓展 spend, pay, cost, take表“花费”时的用法: sb.+spend(s) time/money on sth.;sth. cost(s)(sb.)+money;sb. pay(s)+money+for sth.;It takes sb. some time to do sth.。 10.(2018内蒙古包头,30)I know what you are thinking about. I can your mind from
24、 the look on your face. A.stay B.spare C.read D.attend 答案答案 C 句意:我知道你正在考虑什么。我能从你脸上的表情猜测出你的心思。本题考查动词词义辨 析。read猜测,符合句意,故选C项。stay停留;spare 抽出;attend参加。 知识拓展 read的词义很多,除了“阅读;朗读”等意思外,还有“猜测;理解”等意思。如:How do you read the present situation? 你对目前的形势有何看法? 11.(2017黑龙江哈尔滨,9)If we travel abroad, we prefer to stay
25、in five-star hotels. Thats because they guests with the best service to make them feel at home. A.preview B.provide C.prevent 答案答案 B 句意:如果我们出国旅行,我们更喜欢住在五星级酒店里。那是因为它们提供给客人最好的服 务来使他们感觉舒适自在。本题考查动词词义辨析。preview意为“概述”; provide意为“提供”; pre- vent意为“阻止”。由句意可知本题选择B。 题组二题组二 单句填空单句填空 1.(2019广西北部湾经济区,79)Every tim
26、e I want to give up, my parents always (鼓励)me to keep try- ing. 答案答案 encourage 句意:每次我想放弃的时候,我的父母总是鼓励我继续努力。本题考查动词的拼写。根 据句意和中文提示可知,此处应填动词encourage。 2.(2019浙江宁波,39)At the meeting the boss (赞扬) John for the progress he made. 答案答案 praised 句意:在会议上,老板因John所取得的进步表扬了他。本题考查动词。praise意为“赞扬”, 此处要用其过去式。 3.(2018浙江
27、杭州,70)You will r a warm welcome when you come to our village. 答案答案 receive 本题考查动词。主句是一般将来时,设空处前是助动词will,因此设空处填写原形。receive a warm welcome表示“受到热情欢迎”。 4. (2018广西百色,84)Dont worry, Lucy! I will r you up before we set out. 答案答案 ring 句意:别担心,露西。我会在我们出发前打电话给你。本题考查动词的拼写。根据句意、首 字母提示、will后接动词原形可知,此处应填动词原形ring。
28、试题分析试题分析 做对这道题的关键点之一是学生熟记并能正确运用ring sb. up这一短语,因此学生平时应注意 积累动词短语,能够正确理解其意义、结构并能灵活地运用这些短语。 5.(2017新疆,73)The houses are so expensive that he cant (承担得起)to buy one. 答案答案 afford 句意:房子如此之贵,以至于他买不起。 考点二 动词短语 题组一题组一 单项选择单项选择 1.(2019天津,32)If you want to join the Music Club, the form, please. A.go out B.fill
29、out C.get up D.warm up 答案答案 B 句意:如果你想参加音乐俱乐部,请填写这个表格。本题考查动词短语辨析。go out 出去;fill out 填写;get up 起床;warm up 热身。根据句意可知答案为B。 2.(2019新疆,30)Im afraid his radio is too noisy. Will you please him to a little? Sure. A.ask;turn it down B.allow;turn it on C.tell;turn it up D.advise;turn it off 答案答案 A 句意:恐怕他的收音机噪
30、声太大了。请你让他将音量调低点好吗?当然。本题考查动 词以及动词短语的辨析。A选项意为“让;调低它”;B选项意为“允许;打开它”;C选项意为“告诉;开大 它”;D 选项意为“建议;关上它”。根据句意可知答案为A。 3.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特,9)I really need to take more exercise because Im weight. A.putting down B.putting on C.putting off D.putting away 答案答案 B 句意:我真的需要更多的锻炼因为我正在发胖。本题考查动词短语辨析。put down放下;put on 穿上,发胖;p
31、ut off推迟;put away把收起来。根据句意应选B项。 4.(2019湖北武汉,39)Why were you shouting at Tom? I told him to be quiet, but he talking. A.joined in B.ended up C.kept on D.put off 答案答案 C 句意:你为什么大声呵斥Tom?我告诉他,让他保持安静,但他继续说话。 本题考查动 词短语的辨析。A:参加(活动);B:最终处于;C:继续;D:推迟。根据语境和关键词quiet和but可知是“他继续 说话” ,故本题选择C。 5.(2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔,6)Our
32、school has a sign at the gate, saying “Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile”. A.put up B.put off C.put on 答案答案 A 句意: 我们学校在大门口挂了个牌子,上面写着“用微笑问候你的孩子,而不是用手机”。本题 考查动词短语。put up搭建,张贴;put off推迟;put on穿上。根据空后的a sign可知,学校在大门口挂了个牌 子,故选A。 6.(2019河南,30)I asked my father to me at the school gate at 6:30 so
33、 that we could visit Grandma together. A.pick;up B.turn;down C.let;down D.cheer;up 答案答案 A 句意:我让我的父亲六点半在学校门口接我,以便我们可以一起去拜访祖母。本题考查动词词 组的词义辨析。pick up(开车)接人;turn down拒绝;let sb. down令某人失望;cheer sb. up使某人振奋。根据 语境和关键词visit 及together可知应该选A。 7.(2019河北,31)On the first day of Chinese New Year, we new clothes a
34、nd visit people. A.pick up B.put on C.take off D.throw away 答案答案 B 句意:在春节的第一天,我们会穿上新衣服、走亲访友。本题考查动词短语辨析。A选项意为 “拾起”;B选项意为“穿上”; C选项意为“脱下”; D选项意为“扔掉”。根据春节习俗可知,此处表示 “穿上新衣服”,故本题选择B。 8.(2019广西北部湾经济区,36)John, please your dictionary from the schoolbag and look up the new word. A.take away B.take up C.take of
35、f D.take out 答案答案 D 句意:约翰,请从书包里拿出你的词典查阅生词。本题考查动词短语辨析。take away带走;take up占据;take off起飞;take out拿出。拿出词典才能查阅生词,故此处选D。 9.(2018新疆,31)Jim,its dark now. Please the light in the room. OK,Mum. A.turn on B.turn up C.turn off D.turn down 答案答案 A 句意:Jim,现在天黑了。请打开房间里的灯。好的,妈妈。本题考查动词短语辨析。 turn on 打开;turn up调大;turn
36、off关闭;turn down调小。由前文的dark可知要打开灯,故本题选A。 10.(2018吉林长春,19)When you meet a new word, you can in a dictionary. A.cut it up B.clean it up C.look it up D.put it up 答案答案 C 句意:当你遇到生词,你可以在词典里查阅它。本题考查动词短语辨析。cut up把切碎; clean up把擦干净;look up查阅;put up举起,张贴。根据句意可知,应选C。 11.(2018内蒙古包头,33)Terry, from your cell phone
37、when your father is talking to you. A.look up B.look around C.look down D.look out 答案答案 A 句意:特里,你爸爸和你谈话时,你把头抬起来不要看手机。本题考查动词短语。look up 抬头, 向上看,符合句意,故选A项。look around 环顾四周;look down 向下看,轻视;look out 当心。 12.(2017重庆,33)No one can be right all the time. When people make mistakes, we shouldnt them. A.wait f
38、or B.send for C.knock at D.laugh at 答案答案 D 句意:没有人一直都对。当人们犯错误时,我们不应该嘲笑他们。本题考查动词短语。wait for 等候;send for派人去请;knock at 敲击;laugh at 嘲笑。根据句意可知选D项。 题组二题组二 完成句子完成句子 1.(2019山东枣庄,52)我们在新的旅行启程之际,不应忘了我们来自何处。 As we on our new journey, we shouldnt forget where we came from. 答案答案 set off/set out/start out 本题考查动词短语
39、。设空处表示“动身,出发,启程”。 2.(2019山东烟台,74)成功的关键在于从错误中学习,并且永不放弃。 The key to success is to learn from your mistakes and never . 答案答案 give up 本题考查动词短语。give up放弃,在句中作表语,用不定式,此处省略to。 3.(2019山东济南,99)我们必须节约用水,以防水资源耗尽。 We must save water before it . 答案答案 run out 本题考查动词短语。run out用光、用尽。 4.(2018甘肃兰州,103)人类砍伐树木,因此动物处于极大
40、的危险之中。 People many trees, so animals are in great danger. 答案答案 cut down cut down砍倒。 5.(2018浙江金华,58)But actually it all (取决于)the situation. 答案答案 depends on 句意:但是实际上它完全取决于(不同的)情况。本题考查动词短语。depend on依靠,依 赖。 6.(2016天津,71)明天请把你的作业交上来。 Please your homework tomorrow. 答案答案 hand in 考查固定短语hand in。 C组 教师专用题组 考点
41、一 动词 1.(2020山西,23)In summer vacation, I want to help parents clothes in the square to make some mon- ey. Good idea. Its also a good chance to know about the society. A.lend B.give C.sell 答案答案 C 句意:在暑假期间我想帮父母在广场卖衣服挣钱。好主意。这也是一个了解社会的好 机会。本题考查动词的词义辨析。A.借出;B.给予;C.卖出。根据关键词make some money 可知,此处应该 是“卖衣服”。 2
42、.(2020云南,26)Wang Lei is looking forward to the best high school in September. A.refusing B.playing C.reading D.entering 答案答案 D 句意:王磊期待着九月份进入最好的高中。本题考查动词词义辨析。refuse拒绝;play玩,演奏; read读;enter进入,加入。根据句意可知答案为D。 3.(2019河南,25)You cant change who you are by reading a book or change the way you act by watchin
43、g a video. What is what you do, not what you know. A.includes B.decides C.means D.matters 答案答案 D 句意:你不能通过阅读一本书来改变你的身份,也不能通过看一段视频来改变你的行为方式,重 要的是你做什么,而不是你懂得什么。matter作不及物动词,意为“重要”,故答案为D项。A.包括;B.决定; C.意味着。 解题关键解题关键 第二句话中What matters是主语从句,what you do是表语从句,增大了句子的难度。 4.(2019安徽,37)Hello, Beijing Hotel. Can
44、I help you? Yes, Id like to a single room for two nights. A.enter B.move C.book D.provide 答案答案 C 句意:您好,这里是北京旅馆。我能为您效劳吗?是的,我想预订一个单人间,住两晚。 本题考查动词词义辨析。A选项意思为“进入”;B选项意思为“移动”;C选项意思为“预订”;D选项意 思为“提供”。故选C。 5.(2019内蒙古包头,28)Stephen Hawking has great success as a scientist. A.allowed B.achieved C.practiced D.p
45、romised 答案答案 B 句意:斯蒂芬 霍金作为一名科学家已经取得了巨大的成功。本题考查动词词义辨析。allow 允 许;achieve实现,获得;practice练习;promise承诺。根据句意可知答案为B。 6.(2019山西,23)Parents should let children home and find more about the world. After all, birds should fly freely in the sky. A.leave B.enter C.reach 答案答案 A 句意:父母应该让孩子离开家,更多地了解世界。毕竟,鸟儿应该在天空中自由地
46、飞翔。本题考 查动词。leave 离开;enter 进入;reach 到达。根据句意可知设空处表示“离开”,故答案为A项。 词汇拓展 leave a place for another place离开一个地方去另外一个地方 7.(2018福建,22)Do you enjoy Chinese Folk Songs? Yes, the folk songs nice. A.sound B.smell C.look 答案答案 A 句意:你喜欢中国民歌大会吗?喜欢,那些民歌很好听。sound听起来;smell闻起来; look看起来。 A项符合题意。故选A。 8.(2017天津,35)The chee
47、se doesnt good. Why dont we go to buy some fresh cheese? Sounds great! A.see B.find C.sound D.taste 答案答案 D 句意:这奶酪尝起来不好。我们为什么不去买一些新鲜的奶酪呢?听起来不错!本题考 查动词词义辨析。A项意为“看见”;B项意为“找到”;C项意为“听起来”;D项意为“尝起来”。根据 句意应选D项。 9.(2016辽宁沈阳,6)We talked about the problem and Tim doing some research first. A.finished B.enjoyed C.suggested D.practised 答案答案 C 句意:我们谈论了这个问题后,Tim 建议先做一些研究。本题考查动词词义的辨析。A.完成;B. 享受;C.建议;D.练习。根据句意可知,C项符合语境。 考点二 动词短语 1.(2020海南,34)Joey and Marina have lived a happy life since they . A.got hurt B.got lost C.got married 答案答案 C 句意:Joey
