1、 中考题型专项训练之中考题型专项训练之 7选选5解题方法及技巧解题方法及技巧 一、一、 7选选5题型考情概览题型考情概览 纵观近6年云南中考真题可知，七选五阅读理解主要呈现 以下特点： 1.文体：文体：除省卷2016年考察过一次记叙文，其余均为说明文。 2.话题：话题：做法建议；事物介绍；教育引导；健康生活等。 3.词数：词数：110-200之间；段落：4-9个；生词量：0-2个。 4.设置位置：设置位置：在文中均匀分布，不连续设空。段落首句设空 0- -2处，段落中设空1-5处，段尾设空0-3处。 5.设空句子：设空句子：给出7个备选项，以陈述句为主，另外还会少 量涉及祈使句、一般疑问句等。
2、挖空的句子不能太长，2- 10词左右。 1.把握词汇的衔接把握词汇的衔接 二、二、 7选选5题型解题技巧题型解题技巧 词汇的衔接词汇的衔接 原词、同义词、近义词：原词、同义词、近义词：利用选项中出现在 空格前后句里相同的词汇或同义词、近义词 来确定选项。 代词：代词：利用代词的指代关系或单复数形式的 差异了准确且快速地解题。 特殊结构词：特殊结构词：如：first, second, on the one handon the other hand, Onethe other等。 上、下义词或同一范畴词：上、下义词或同一范畴词：如fruit和apple, 前者包含了后者，是上、下义词；apple
3、和 orange则属于同一范畴，利用原文和选项中 的这种特殊关系可轻松解题。 2.理清逻辑的衔接理清逻辑的衔接 逻辑的衔接逻辑的衔接 解释关系解释关系：下句对上句的解释。 顺逆关系顺逆关系：下句对上句是顺承关系或是逆转关 系。 因果关系因果关系：前后句是因果关系，常见的表达有： because, since, as, the reason is that 等。 3.注意出题位置注意出题位置 注意出题位置注意出题位置 段首段首：通常是段落主题句，可根据段落内容 推断出主题句。 段中段中：是段落间的过渡句，与上下文是并列、 转折、因果等关系。 结尾结尾：通常是总结、概括性语句，与上文是 转折、对比
4、、并列或排比关系，或所选答案 能引出下一段内容等。注意在选项中查找表 示结果、结论、总结性的关键词。 答题第一步答题第一步：浏览选项，用“_”标注定位词。 答题第二步答题第二步：通读全文，了解大意，重点阅读空格处的上下 句，并圈出标注句的关键词或与选项相关的词汇。 答题第三步答题第三步：对照选项和空格上下句中的关键词，选出可以 确定的题目。然后排除已选出的选项，进而综合全文，选出 剩余题目，切记不能遇到一道题做不出来时就止步不前。 答题第四步：答题第四步：将选项带入空格，复读全文，检查答案。 三、解题步骤三、解题步骤 答题第一步：答题第一步：浏览选项，用“_”标注定位词。 A. You lis
5、ten to music without headphones. 你不带耳机听音乐。 B. Some little things can hurt your image. 一些小事情可能会有损你的形象。 C. Some serious things may hurt your image. 一些严重的事情可能会有损你的形象。 D. And they can fly as fast as 50 miles per hour. 并且它们能以每小时50英里的速度飞行。 E. Dont mind your behavior and do as you like. 别介意你的行为，你喜欢怎么做就怎么做。
6、 F. Just stand aside， let people out， and then get in. 仅仅站到一边，让人们出去，然后再进去。 G. Please watch your behavior and be polite in public. 请注意你的举止，在公共场合要有礼貌。 四、例题剖析四、例题剖析 （2019省卷）Everyone cares about his or image(形象). What about you ?_61_ Have you ever done the following little things to hurt yours? 由下一句“你是否
7、做过以下有损你形象的小事呢？”可知此处描述的 内容应是与小事情有关的句子。 You dont let people get out of buses or elevators before you get in . It is not good to push yourself into the crowd whos trying to get out anyway. _62_ 此句为本段的尾句，应是对上文提出的问题给予总结或解决办法，上文中 提到当有人试图下车时，你却硬是把自己挤进公交车或电梯，这种行为是 不好的，所以此处应是与上车时应注意的行为举止有关的句子。 答题第二步答题第二步：通读全
8、文，了解大意，重点阅读空格处的上下句，并圈出标注句 的关键词或与选项相关的词汇。 答题第三步：答题第三步：对照选项和空格上下句中的关键词，选出可以 确定的题目。然后 排除已选出的选项，进而综合全文，选出剩余题目，切记不能遇到一道题做不 出来时就止步不前。 You dont cover your mouth while coughing. According to Live Science, one cough can release(释放) as much as 3,000 droplets of saliva(唾沫星子). _63_ Covering your mouth is not a
9、choice but an absolute must. 本段主要介绍了咳嗽时应用手捂住嘴，因为咳嗽时会释放出大量 的唾沫星子，由此可推知此空应是与描述唾沫星子相关的句子。 _64_ You think your music taste is great? Perfect, go to study music, to become a DJ, but please dont push your music taste onto other people. 此句为这一段的首句，引出下文中对于音乐的一个认知：不要强行 将你的音乐审美加到他人身上，由此可推知此处应是说在公共场合， 不带耳机听音乐，这
10、会影响到其他人。 You are rude to waiters. Imagine working for 12 hours, always on your feet, and then dealing with the most rude customers? Yeah, dont be that person who thinks waiters have to deal with your bad attitude. Common sense is not so common. _65_ 此句为文章最后一段最后一句，由空前的“常识其实并不普通。”可 知此处应是对全文的一个总结。综合文章以
11、上内容可知这篇文章主要 介绍了一些在生活中影响人们形象的小事情，并给于了相应的建议。 因此，该空应告诫人们注意自己的举止，在公共场合要有礼貌。 答题第四步答题第四步：将选项带入空格，复读全文，检查答案。 61-65：BFDAG 五、现学现用五、现学现用 Australia is the largest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is small.1._. Enough l
12、aws have been made to fight against pollution.2._. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well. Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flowers exhibition (展览).There we saw a large numbe
13、r of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. 3._. In spring every year Perth has the wild flowers exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. 4._ .Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top
14、 of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path. 5._ . After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere are sh
15、eep. A. We saw animals everywhere.（代词，话题词） B. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. （代词，话题词） C. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.（the,话题词） D. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. （专有名词，话题词） E. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollutio
16、n. （the,话题词） F. Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos. （代词，话题词） G. Australia has the smallest population in the world.（话题词） Australia is the largest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is small.1._. E
17、nough laws have been made to fight against pollution.2._. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well. Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flowers exhibition (展览).There we saw a larg
18、e number of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. 3._. In spring every year Perth has the wild flowers exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. 4._ .Suddenly we heard bells ringing at
19、the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path. 5._ . After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere
20、 are sheep. A. We saw animals everywhere.（代词，话题词） B. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. （代词，话题词） C. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.（the,话题词） D. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. （专有名词，话题词） E. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution. （the,话题词） F. Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos. （代词，话题词） G. Australia has the smallest population in the world.（话题词） C E D A F 给大家的给大家的建议建议： 1.有针对性的多做练习；有针对性的多做练习； 2.增加词汇量；增加词汇量； 3.训练推理逻辑思维；训练推理逻辑思维； 4.调整情绪。调整情绪。 God helps those who help themselves. Thanks for watching.
