1、初三英语寒假完形填空专题（教师）学习内容(完形填空专题）学习目标：知识与技能掌握完形填空的答题技巧及一些高频词汇过程与方法通过解题技巧的学习，帮助学生学会完形填空学习技巧的实际应用，提高完形填空解题速度情感态度和价值观通过针对性训练，使学生了解和掌握每一种技巧，并能够熟练应用教学重难点重点：答题技巧的掌握及运用难点：词汇搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等的掌握回顾学习：小试牛刀：In kindergarten Jayce began to notice he looked different from his classmates. They had two han
2、ds,_41_he only had one. Jayce came back home with_42_:“ Why am I different?Why me?”（ ）41.A. and B. but C. so D. or 转折关系（ ）42.A. anger &
3、nbsp; B. curiosity C. questions D. satisfaction 语境暗示答案：B A知识梳理：中考英语完形填空题的解题技巧一、 题型概述“完形填空”题是一种旨在考察学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型，它结合了单项选择和短文填空的优点，既考察词汇搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考察了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。在中考中完形填空所占分值15分。完形填空题要求填入的词主要有：语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词：连接代词、连接副词、关系代词和关系副词。(语法
4、型)具有语法变化的词，如动词的时态、语态、语气；名词的数；代词的格；形容词和副词的比较等级等。 (语法型)固定搭配短语和词组中的特定词。(习惯搭配型)同义词和近义词等易混词。(词义型)根据上下文的意思及结构必须填入的确定词。(文意型)二、 失分多的原因1.没有严格遵循答题步骤急于选答案，不认真分析通篇，单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。表面快，实际影响质量和效率。切记：一定要用2-3分钟时间先进行缺词阅读，弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空。2.不注意积累答题技巧a.忽略首句的提示作用；b.忽略上下文之间的照应关系；c.不
5、注意分析长句子结构，碰运气的心理。3.时间安排不当切记：由易到难，先做会做的，再考虑较难的。不确定的可将可能的两项填入空格，快速默读整句整段，选择较流畅的。三、解题方法总的原则:先完意,后完形。十六字方针:上下通气，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼,前后照应。三步曲:读-填-读四、解题步骤通览选填复核1.通览-速读原文，把握大意跳格快速阅读,领会大意,概略了解体裁、背景、内容等。2.选填-紧扣文意，瞻前顾后先易后难,逐层深入。紧扣内容。联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理,注意寻找线索，词汇的意义、搭配,惯用法，语法，常识等多角度综合考虑。3.复核-全面检查,确保语意连贯，用词准确复读全文验证答案。带答案通读,看
6、能否意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。五、解题技巧（一）首句突破完形填空的首句一般不设空，是完整的句子，目的是使读者进入语境，因此一定要认真阅读这句话，大家可以透过首句的“窗口”看篇章的整个“世界”。认真阅读文章开头的第一、二句，有利于准确预测和推断文章的主旨大意。通过首句，初步了解文中的时间、地点、人物及事件。如果首句设空，请重点读后面的例子，例子里面会提供线索。【例1】These days,it is_for children as young as Sammy to be so good at computers. Many children use computers
7、at home or at school and some schools even have their own websites.( )1.A.hard B.unusual C.common D.dangerous【解析】如果教师或者学生去分析这四个词用法，那就和这道考题背道而驰了。首句设空，我们重点读后面的那句话“很多孩子在家里、学校使用电脑，甚至一些学校有他们自己的网站”，说明对电脑的使用是持肯
8、定意见的，选项C为正确答案，A、B、D都为否定意见，故不选。（二） 词汇题1.上下文和前后句的提示(复现、同/近义词、反义词)【例1】Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my_ She wanted to know how I thought . She believed I had opinions, so I began to.( )A.opinion B. impression C. information D. intention答案
9、A 语境一原词复现【例2】Many old people don't have good_. They can't watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio.( )A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time答案C 语境一同义词、近义词【例3】So
10、me parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very _.( )A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous答案A 语境一反义词2.词语的习惯用法和固定搭配、习语【例1】The city (Washington) was named _Ge
11、orge Washington, the first president of the United States.( )A.by B. for C.as D.after 答案D 语境一固定搭配 be named after【例2】He'd _his life brewing
12、（酿造） beer for local breweries（啤酒酿造者） only to make a living,so had his father and grandfather before him.( )A.spend B.cost C. take D.paid答案A 语境一固定搭配 spend.doing【例3】Body language
13、is the quiet,secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks_ than words .( )A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further答案B 固定短语、习惯搭配、习语 “事实胜于雄辩。”3.根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义【例1】The trainer decided it was us
14、eless trying to finish.He called to Truay_. ( )A. keep up B.slow down C. give up D. take up答案C 语境一词义辨析 give up 放弃 keep up 保持，继续 slow down慢下来 take up占据【例2】The forest began to disappear,which _all the an
15、imals dying out.( )A. led to B. resulted from C.created D. made 答案A 语境一词义辨析 lead to导致 result from由于 create 创造，产生 make 使，让；制造 4.生活常识及文化背景知识【例1】I turned the key in the lock and_the door open.(
16、 )A. knocked B. forced C. pushed D. tried答案C 语境一常识 开锁推开门【例2】The rail will expand（膨胀）when it gets_.( )A. wet B. cold C. hot
17、 D. dry答案C 语境一常识 热胀冷缩注意使用排除法（三） 逻辑推理1.顺序关系、并列关系、因果关系、转折关系、解释关系、让步关系等【例1】I didn't tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. _she sensed my unhappiness and asked if I wanted to take a walk in the yard.( )A.Or &
18、nbsp; B.So C.But D.And答案C 逻辑一转折关系【例2】_ father and I often argue with each other, we are good friends.( )A.If B. Although C. Whe
19、n D. As if答案B 逻辑一让步关系【例3】The blind man said proudly, “Believe it or not, I never knocked anyone. Although I'm blind, I carry the lantern, not only light for others, but let others see me, 13 they won't knock me.” ()A.after B.so
20、;C.if D.because答案B 逻辑一因果关系2.语法结构分析【例1】Of course, he did not understand a thing, but he nodded his head as she_()A.did B. had C. understood D. could答案A did代替understand【例2】“Give
21、me a hand.”he shouted_he got near the boat.()A.while B.till C.for D.as注意上下文的逻辑关系和语篇内容（四）语篇理解（作者观点、态度、感情色彩、上下文语境）1.情感态度其中形容词，副词中分为三种情感：(1) 正情感：happy ，amazing等(2) 零情感：fast ，slow ，surprising等(3) 负情感：sad ，disappointed等【例1】 Among them，a weak boy with ugly teeth and thick
22、 glasses kept shaking. I had seen him around， and I knew he was always laughed at. He seemed unsure of himself，and was so pale that it _ us to look at him.()A. worried B. surprised C. taught
23、 D. hurt答案D 由上文的描述可知，他的脸色是如此苍白，以至于看着他会让人难受。故选择形容词hurt。2.上下文语境分析【例1】 When we talked, I discovered some differences in school life between the US and China. For example,each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little_ than that in China.We usually have forty minutes in each class.
24、()A.shorter B.longer C.earlier D.later答案B US-fifty minutes China-forty minutes【例2】 What do I remember about my childhood? There were good things and bad things. We used to live_， and my parents always go
25、t up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.()A. in a town B. on a farm C. on a busy street D. in a city 答案B 根据后文feed the cows and sheep【例3】Life is very _ , so don't rush to make decisions. Life doesn't let you plan.(
26、)A. hard B. busy C.short D.long答案D 根据后文dont rush to即时训练：中考连接【2022年苏州中考】Like most children growing up in the countryside, Mike loved being outdoors and traveled around every inch of th
27、e area. With a deep love of the land, he had a strong wish to _1_ it. When Mike saw rubbish floating in the rivers, he got _2_ . He knew he had to do something. While only in third grade, Mike started a group. Its purpose was to _3_ the countryside and teach other young people about pollution and it
28、s dangers. But Mike faced a challenge. As he was _4_, he found it hard to speak out in public. However, with his moms help, Mike _5_ dealt with his fear. He said, “I took responsibility（责任）and did what needed to be done. When your heart is into it, _6_ will stop you.”Mike worked hard to _7_ his idea
29、 to the public. He handed out leaflets and even appeared on radio and TV. His efforts paid off. He won _8_ from several thousand people. And his group collected and recycled more than 22,000 pounds of rubbish. Now as a college student, Mikes _9_ remains the same. He often says, “I want to create a _
30、10_ life for my kids and grandkids. Its beautiful countryside, where Im from, and I want my kids to see it like I see it.”( )1. A. practiseB. protectC. prepareD. provide( )2. A. weakB. tiredC. relaxedD. angry( )3. A. clean upB. break intoC. set upD. move into(
31、 )4. A. shyB. sadC. proudD. polite( )5. A. clearlyB. carefullyC. successfullyD. traditionally( )6. A. anythingB. nothingC. somethingD. everything( )7 A. acceptB. changeC. followD. introduce( )8. A. courageB. victoryC. supportD. reward(
32、 )9. A. wishB. chanceC. luckD. fear( )10. A. busierB. harderC. betterD. crazier【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了Mike保护环境的义
33、举。【1题详解】句意：他深爱着这片土地，也有保护它的强烈愿望。practise练习；protect保护；prepare准备；provide提供。根据“Its purpose was tothe countryside and teach other young people about pollution and its dangers”可知，产生了保护这片土地的愿望，故选B。【2题详解】句意：当迈克看到河里漂着垃圾时，他很生气。weak虚弱的；tired疲惫的；relaxed放松的；angry生气的。根据“When Mike saw rubbish floating in the river
34、s”及“He knew he had to do something”可知，看到河里飘着垃圾感到很生气，所以决定要做些什么事情，故选D。【3题详解】句意：它的目的是清理农村，并教育其他年轻人污染及其危险。clean up清理；break into闯入；set up设立；move into搬进。根据下文“And his group collected and recycled more than 22,000 pounds of rubbish”可知，目的是清理农村，让它变得干净，故选A。【4题详解】句意：由于他很害羞，他发现很难在公众面前发言。shy害羞的；sad难过的；proud骄傲的；po
35、lite礼貌的。根据“he found it hard to speak out in public”可知，很害羞，不敢在公众面前发言，故选A。【5题详解】句意：然而，在妈妈的帮助下，迈克成功地解决了他的恐惧。clearly清楚地；carefully仔细地；successfully成功地；traditionally传统地。根据“with his moms help, Mike dealt with his fear”可知，在妈妈的帮助下，他成功地克服了恐惧，故选C。【6题详解】句意：当你全身心投入的时候，没有什么能阻止你。anything任何事；nothing没什么；something某事；e
36、verything一切。根据“When your heart is into it, will stop you”可知，这是一句激励的话语，全身心投入时，没什么能阻挡你，故选B。【7题详解】句意：迈克努力向公众介绍他的想法。accept接受；change改变；follow跟随；introduce介绍。根据“his idea to the public”可知，把他保护环境的想法传播给大众，故选D。【8题详解】句意：他赢得了几千人的支持。courage勇气；victory胜利；support支持；reward奖励。根据“He won from several thousand people”可知，
37、赢得了人们的支持，故选C。【9题详解】句意：现在，作为一名大学生，迈克的愿望并没有改变。 wish愿望；chance机会；luck幸运；fear害怕。根据前文“With a deep love of the land, he had a strong wish to it”可知，保护环境的愿望从来没有改变，故选A。【10题详解】句意：我想为我的孩子和子孙创造更好的生活。busier更忙的；harder更难的；better更好的；crazier更疯狂的。根据“I want to create a life for my kids and grandkids”可知，为子孙后代创造更好的生活，故选C
38、。【2022年徐州中考】“Mum, please! Can I keep a pet dog or a cat?” Andrew asked.Mum said nothing, but the next day, she got home with a bright goldfish swimming around in a plastic bag.“A fish. A _16_ little fish. Not exactly my dream pet. Its _17_! Everyone has a pet dog,” Andrew complained. “Mum, Ive got _
39、18_ against fish. Theyre perfectly fine animals. But I want a pet that would do tricks and _19_ me when I enter my room. I need a pet that would show me love, like a gentle bark or a miaow._20_, Ive got a dead-eyed fish!”“Its the only pet that you can keep,” Mum _21_.Andrew had no choice but to keep
40、 the goldfish. He put it in the tank and said, “I will name it Dog.” “Dog!” Andrew shouted. Suddenly, the goldfish stopped eating and swam over from the other side of the _22_. It looked at Andrew, right up to the glass next to him.Andrew was _23_. “Did it know its name was Dog? Was it coming to me
41、when I called? _24_. Fish arent that smart. Are they?” Andrew waited for Dog to swim away again and _25_ eating. Then he shouted again, “Dog!” It stopped eating at once and _26_ over to Andrew. Maybe Dog wasnt a stupid fish, after all.Andrew started to train Dog to do tricks. After two weeks, Dog co
42、uld swim in the shape of eight. After one month of practice, Dog could get back a little plastic ball by swimming under it and _27_ it up to the top of the tank. Then Andrew could drop the ball _28_ into the water. Dog was playing go-and-bring!Dog did more than the tricks. Whenever Andrew walked int
43、o the room, Dog would _29_ swim up and give him a happy _30_. Every time Andrew smiled down at Dog, he was pretty sure it smiled right back.( )16. A. lovelyB. stupidC. cleverD. nervous( )17. A. unluckyB. uncomfortableC. unimportantD. unfair( )18. A. somethingB.
44、 anythingC. everythingD. nothing( )19. A. greetB. respectC. protectD. lead( )20. A. SoB. MoreoverC. InsteadD. Otherwise( )21. A. insistedB. addedC. askedD. doubted( )22. A. boxB. cageC. tankD. bag( )23. A. surprisedB. unhappyC. excited
45、D. scared( )24. A. No problemB. No wayC. No worryD. No hurry( )25. A. forgetB. avoidC. stopD. begin( )26. A. ranB. swamC. walkedD. jumped( )27. A. pullingB. pushingC. takingD. turning( )28. A. offB. awayC. backD. out( )29.
46、 A. neverB. seldomC. sometimesD. always( )30. A. bubbleB. barkC. miaowD. touch【答案】16. B 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B &n
47、bsp;27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A【解析】【导语】本文讲述了Andrew想养宠物狗或猫，但妈妈只允许养金鱼，虽然不是Andrew的理想宠物，但也给他带来了乐趣。【16题详解】句意：一条鱼。一条愚蠢的小鱼。lovely可爱的；stupid愚蠢的；clever聪明的；nervous紧张的。根据下文“Maybe Dog wasnt a stupid fish, after all.”可知此处Andrew说这是一条愚蠢的鱼，故选B。【17题详解】句意：这是不公平的！unlucky不幸的；uncomfort
48、able不舒服的；unimportant不重要的；unfair不公平的。根据“Everyone has a pet dog,”可知Andrew认为每个人都有宠物狗，但是他只有一条鱼，所以他认为这是不公平的，故选D。【18题详解】句意：妈妈，我对鱼没什么意见。something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing什么都没有。根据“Theyre perfectly fine animals.”（它们是非常好的动物）可知此处Andrew对鱼是没有什么意见的，故选D。【19题详解】句意：当我进入我的房间时，它会向我打招呼。greet打招呼；respect尊敬；prot
49、ect保护；lead引导。根据“But I want a pet that would do tricks and.me when I enter my room”可知Andrew希望进入房间时有宠物来迎接他，故选A。【20题详解】句意：然而，我得到的却是一条目光呆滞的鱼！So所以；Moreover而且；Instead相反；Otherwise否则。根据上文可知Andrew想要一只狗，但是最后得到的是鱼而不是狗，此处是暗含转折含义，故选C。21题详解】句意：“这是你唯一能养的宠物，”妈妈坚持说。insisted坚持；added增添；asked问；doubted怀疑。根据“Its the only
50、 pet that you can keep”可知妈妈固执己见，故选A。【22题详解】句意：突然，金鱼停止进食，从水箱的另一边游过来。box盒子；cage笼子；tank水箱；bag包。根据“He put it in the tank”可知金鱼从水箱另一边游过来，故选C。【23题详解】句意：Andrew很惊讶。“它知道自己叫狗吗？”surprised惊讶的；unhappy不开心的；excited激动的；scared害怕的。根据“Did it know its name was Dog? Was it coming to me when I called?”可知Andrew对此感到很惊讶，故选A。
51、【24题详解】句意：不可能。No problem没问题；No way不可能；No worry不用担心；No hurry不着急。根据“Fish arent that smart. Are they?”可知Andrew认为鱼没有那么聪明，故选B。【25题详解】句意：Andrew等着Dog再游一次，然后开始吃东西。forget忘记；avoid避免；stop停止；begin开始。根据下文“It stopped eating at once”可知此处是指鱼开始吃，故选D。【26题详解】句意：它立刻停止进食，游向Andrew。ran跑；swam游；walked走；jumped跳。结合语境可知鱼是在水箱里游
52、，故选B。【27题详解】句意：经过一个月的练习，狗狗可以游到一个小塑料球下面，把它推到水箱的顶部，把它拿回来。pulling拉；pushing推；taking带走；turning转身。根据“by swimming under it and.it up to the top of the tank”可知鱼经过训练可以把塑料球推到水箱顶部，故选B。【28题详解】句意：然后安德鲁就可以把球扔回水中。off离开；away远离；back返回；out外出。根据“Then Andrew could drop the ball.into the water.”结合语境可知Andrew把球扔回水里。故选C。【2
53、9题详解】句意：每当Andrew走进房间，Dog总是游上来，给他一个快乐的泡泡。never从不；seldom几乎不；sometimes有时候；always总是。根据“Whenever”可推知金鱼总是会游上来。故选D。【30题详解】句意：每当Andrew走进房间，Dog总是游上来，给他一个快乐的泡泡。bubble气泡；bark吠叫；miaow喵；touch触摸。根据上文“a gentle bark or a miaow”可知Andrew想养狗或猫，因为想得到“bark”或“miaow”这样的迎接方式，但是他养了一条鱼，可知他得到的迎接方式是“气泡”，故选A。【2022年连云港中考】Zu Ti w
54、as a great man of Jin Dynasty. He was _16_ for his hard work and great achievements. But when he was a child, he was a naughty (顽皮的) boy who showed little _17_ in reading. As he grew up, Zu Ti _18_ he didnt have enough knowledge. And he deeply felt that he could not serve his country well. So he made up _19_ mind to study hard.Z
