1、Unit 4 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills Section III 如何写观点论述类议论文如何写观点论述类议论文 观点论述类议论文是一种分析,评论某个问题或某件事,阐明自己的观点,立场,态度 的题材。议论文有三大要素,即论点,论据和论证。论点的基本要求是:观点明确,语言精 练,有实际意义;论据的基本要求是:真实可靠,具有代表性;论证的基本要求是:复合逻 辑。 一、写作特点: 1. 观点鲜明,文章一定要有一个明确的中心论点。 2. 层次分明:一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持,不同分论点之间要参差分明,论证过 度要自然。 3. 归纳到位:最后一段一般要
2、总结全文,得出一个符合逻辑的结论,突出中心论点,发表 作者自己的看法或提出合理的建议。 4. 主体时态:一般现在时 5. 语言运用:言简意赅,一般不采用口语化的表达 6. 在高考命题中,议论文以立论和对比观点设置题目。 二、写作模式 议论文的结构一般较为固定,常采用三段式的写作模式: 开头:开门见山,描述现象或表明立场,提出自己的观点 主体部分:列出若干赞成或反对的理由,论证自己的观点 结尾:归纳总结自己的观点 三、注意事项 1. 论点的提出要开门见山,不要拖泥带水 2. 论证时可以采用不同的方法。如:可以引经据典论证自己的观点,从而使读者接受自己 的观点;也可以提出一种相反的观点然后进行论证
3、,最总提出自己的观点。主体部分是写作 的重点,论证时可以用例证法,归纳法,推理法,比较法等 3. 在结尾表明自己的观点,总结讨论的问题 4. 注意连接词和过渡词的使用,以增强文章的条理性和逻辑性。 常用表达: 1. 必背词汇: 常用的过渡词和连接词有: first second third finally furthermore besides in addition in contrast whats worse more importantly because since therefore consequently now that in that case as a result in
4、 conclusion to sum up to conclude all in all 必备句型 首段提出论点: Recently, has become the focus of the society Nowadays, more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of In recent years, there is a tendency that At present, has become a problem we have to face. 中间论证过程: The following rea
5、sons may well justify my judgement It is true that , but My personal experience is just a case in point Compared with A, B is obviously 末端总结论点 From the analysis above, we can draw a safe conclusion that From the reasons mentioned above, it is not difficult to find that. 小试牛刀 假如你是一名高一学生李华,你校即将举行传统文化节
6、(the Traditional Chinese Culture Festival), 你校英语报就文化节时穿传统服装还是校服向学生征集意见,你对此很感兴 趣,你对此很感兴趣,请给该报编辑写一篇短文,内容包括: 1. 你的观点 2. 你的理由(至少 2 点) 注意:1. 词数 100 词左右 2. 可适当增加情节,使行文连贯。 参考词汇:传统服装 traditional costume _ _ _ _ 【审题】 本文属于观点类议论文。根据题目要求,首先在文章开头介绍讨论的主题,即传 统文化节时穿传统服装还是校服,紧接着表明自己的观点,接下来详细讨论自己的观点;最 后再次表达自己的观点; 在写作
7、时, 应使用第一, 第二, 第三人称, 时态以一般现在时为主。 【参考范围】 Since the first Traditional Chinese Culture Festival is coming, there has been a heated discussion on whether to wear traditional costume or school uniforms at the festival. In my opinion, I would be happy to wear traditional Chinese costume. Firstly, the cloth
8、es we wear can show our culture. Wearing traditional Chinese costume is more proper for the activity. The school uniforms are fine, but not special enough to give a unique Chinese style. Secondly, we seldom have an opportunity to wear traditional Chinese costume, so we should grasp it to express our love for our culture. All in all, the traditional Chinese costume will make the occasion very impressive.