1、读后续写之第宏观感知读后续写不是随心所欲地写,而是根据题目要求,在读懂原文的基础上，利用原材料的素材、线索 续写段的情节不唯一,可根据自己的和情节等充分发挥想象力和创造力来续写。 评分原则)1.本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。2.评分时,应先根据所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.词数少于 120的,酌情扣分。4.评分时，应主要考虑以下三个方面:续写内容的质量、完整性以及情节的合理性(与原文情境的融洽度);应用语法结构和词汇的准确性、恰当性和多样性;上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。5.单词拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的重要方面,评分时，
2、应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。6.书写较差以致影响交际的,酌情扣分。技法指导读后续写以记叙文为主,记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以人物的经历和事物的发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。下面以2023 年新课标I、I卷为例来逐条讲解写作技法。阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When I was in middle school,my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did
3、 not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he. So, w
4、hy did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply:“Because I love your stories. If youre willing to apply yourself,I think you have a good shot at this.Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.I chose Paul Reveres horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silv
5、ersmith(银匠)in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18,1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horses mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone elses choice.What did the horse think, as he sped through the
6、night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Reveres horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling.I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half-dozen books on Paul Rever
7、e from the library. I even read a few of them.When I handed in the essay to my teacher,he read it, laughed out loud, and said,“Great. Now, write it again.”I wrote it again,and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didnt wi
8、n, I wouldnt care.注意:续写词数应为150个左右。A few weeks later,when I almost forgot the con- test, there came the news.I went to my teachers office after the award presentation.技法一 阅读文本,获取有效信息一、读懂原文, 理清六要素记叙文有六要素(五个W和一个H),即who(人物)、when(时间)、where(地点)、why(事件的起因)、 what(经过)和 how(结果)。读后续写所提供的文本除了结果这一要素之外,把其余五个要素叙述得
9、清清楚楚。因此阅读文本时要紧扣这五个要素。文本内容(5W+1H)Who(人物) my social studies teacher and IWhen(时间) when I was in middle schoolWhere(地点) in my schoolWhat(事件) My social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest.Why(起因) Encouraged by his words,I agreed to give it a try.How(结果) 续写中介绍二、细读原文，找出双线故事类记叙文有两条线索，一是情节(p
10、lot)线，二是情感(feeling)线。通常情况下,随着情节的发展,人物的情感会产生变化。所以,对情节的整体把握就离不开对人物情感发展的分析。两条线索既相对独立又相互交融,所以,在梳理时,可以将两条线索互相参照，互相贯通。按照情节发展的顺序,同时提取表示情感的词汇、句型及表达,进而获取情感的发展方向。特别关注情节发展的高潮,也是情感的最大变化。这是记叙文的核心,往往也是最大冲突的爆发点和续写的基础。读(2023新课标I、I卷)文本,理出文章的情节线和情感线如下:1.情节线:拒绝参赛尝试参加以马的口吻写作想放弃继续坚持不在乎是否能获奖2.情感线:三、确定主题,写出主题升华句读(2023.新课标
11、I、卷)文本知本文的主题为“人与自我:个人成长”。概括文本大意知:本不喜欢写作的作者在老师的鼓励下,通过自己的努力,不但尝试参加了写作比赛,而且通过自己的坚持不懈完成了参赛作品，实现了自我突破。由此我们可以推断出,作者写这篇文章的意图是表达对老师的感激感激老师的鼓励和让他意识到心之所愿，无所不成”。所以续写部分应该是作品获奖和感恩老师。遵循正能量原则,写出本文的结尾升华句。1.从感恩老师和老师的鼓励的角度来写(1) No more words could convey my gratitude to him. It was he who made me realize nothing is i
12、mpossible to a willing heart.(2)Since then,my teachers encouraging words, just like a lighthouse in the mist, would always be lighting in the sky of my life.(3)Then he pointed that my passion,devotion and persistence contributed to my success. “Just like the horse you wrote, he got tired and had dou
13、bts,but he kept going.”(4)I benefit a lot from my loved teacher.His painstaking care and encouragement will influence my whole life.(5)After that,his words have echoed in my ears for many years, and every time I start writing, I will think of my teacher. He taught me how to believe in myself and gui
14、ded me towards a bright future.2.从个人努力的角度来写(1)From then on, not only did I have a good command of writing,but I also knew the truth-fear never builds the future, but hope does.(2)Only then did I realize that it was bravery and determination that can conquer all the difficulties. Hard work paid off e
15、ventually.四、研判故事的语言风格和语言特色阅读文本时，要留意文章使用的主体时态(tense),还要注意文章使用的句式结构:如三大丛句、非谓语动词、强调句型、倒装句式、虚拟语气等，并画线标出,以使续写的内容在语言色彩和行文风格上与所给文章保持一致。知本文的主体时态是一般过去时，续写部分也应该继续使用该时态。文本中运用了以下丰富的句式:1. When I was in middle school, my social studies teach- er asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking.(时间状
16、语从句:非谓语动词)2. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.(动名词作主语;结果状语从句;定语从句;“否定词十比较级”表示最高级)3. So, why did he suddenly force me to do
17、 something at which I was sure to fail?(定语从句)4.Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.(过去分词短语作状语)5. If I didnt win,I wouldnt care.(虚拟语气)由以上句子可知,文本中分词作状语、状语从句、虚拟语气等句式的综合运用使得语言具有一定的丰富性,配合着短句,形成了长短句结合的节奏感。除了这些句式以外,文章还通过对主人公动作链的描写以及心理描写等丰富了细节,刻画了主人公在情感上对待英语写作的转变。续写部分的文风也要延续这些才行。技法二 利用信息,预测后续
18、情节一、根据首句,构建情节框架对所给文本后面的故事情节及故事结尾的推断是写好读后续写的前提。高考所给的读后续写是半开放性的,这种形式既可以让人充分发挥想象力,又能让人有章可循。可以根据下表中的口诀来确定每段要写的内容:两段首句定一框 即根据两段所给首句来确定第一段的框架二框二首正能量 即第二段的框架由第二段的首句和正能量结尾来确定根据(2023新课标I、卷)的第一段所给首句“A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, L.re came the news.”再结合第二段首句“I went to my teachers office
19、after the award presentation.”, 使用“两段首句定一框”策略,可以推断出续写的第一段应侧重介绍消息的内容,再加上“我”听到消息后的反应(所听、所思等)以及领奖的情景(所见、所听、 所思、所做等)。根据第二段首句与正能量的结尾即“二框二首正能量”策略,确定第二段应侧重介绍“我”与老师在办公室里发生的事(所说、所做等),以及“我”对英语写作态度的转变(所悟),与前文“我”并不喜欢英语写作形成呼应,最后再点题,表明“我”对老师由衷的感激之情。二、根据首句,写出衔接句续写的几个衔接句即第一段的第二句,第一段的最后一句和第二段的第二句都是得分要点，升华句前面已经写出来了,下
20、面是几个衔接句。1.第一段的第二句:第一段所给首句是A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest,there came the news.(几个星期后,当我几乎忘记比赛的时候,传来了消息。) 所以接着要写消息的内容,此消息一定和获奖、颁奖有关, 再根据续写情感要积极(positive)的原则,应该是获得非常好的奖项,传播此消息的方式可以多样,如电话告知、同学告知、老师宣布等都可以,也可以不提,直接写消息的内容即可。(1)It was exciting to learn that I had gained first prize and
21、an award ceremony would be held in three days.(2)I received a phone call,and it was from the organization that said I had won the grand prize.(3)“You won first prize in the writing contest, one of my classmates rushed to my desk.(4)The moment I saw my name on the top of the first prize list,surprise
22、 and joy occupied my mind.(5)When my teacher walked into the classroom, a shining bright smile was on his face. He had just announced I won first place in the writing contest when everyone surprised in disbelief firstly but then gave me thunderous applause.2.第一段的最后一句:因为第二段的第一句说领奖后“我”去了老师的办公室，所以第一段的最
23、后一句要含有颁奖并提到老师。(1) When the award presentation finished,I felt a mixture of feelings. I wanted to say something to my teacher,(2) With the trophy in one hand and award certificate in the other hand,I threw my eyes at my teach- er(who gave me a thumbs-up, with his eyes twinkling with pleasure and prid
24、e. It was at that moment that I was overwhelmed with gratitude to my teacher.(3)I explained why I chose this special subject and even acted out one-role play as Reveres horse on the stage, which made the audience laugh out. In the end, I showed my gratitude to the horse rider-my social studies teach
25、er,(4)Everything went smoothly and I was surrounded by flowers and applause. However,the person with whom I desired to share my joy was my teacher.(5)Patiently and confidently,I told the audience how I once didnt love writing and now enjoyed writing and how I realized the value of perseverance with
26、the help of my teacher.3.第二段的第二句:第二段所给首句是I went to my teachers office after the award presentation.(颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。)所以接着应该写“我”到办公室后的所见、所说与所做。也可以写“我”走进办公室老师见到“我”的反应。(1)“Thank you very much! I showed my certificate to him with my eyes watering,“Without you, I couldnt have done it. ”(2)Bathed in the enjo
27、yment, he waved at me and ex- pressed his congratulations.(3) The teacher walked towards me excitedly and gave me a big hug, saying,“Congratulations,boy, and have a seat. ”技法三大胆设问,构思续写细节以上步骤仅仅定出了写作框架,在构思时,还要进行情节扩充,让续写有血有肉。建议大家写“五所”,即所见(环境描写/人物描写/神态描写)、所闻(语言描写)、所说(语言描写)、所思(心理描写)、所做（动作描写），并且对此进行设问，可以有
28、效丰富情节。读(2023新课标I、卷)文本,我们可以对两段内容进行如下设问:第一段: A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest , there came the news.1. How did I get the news?2.What was the news?3. How did I and others feel about the news?4.What did the people around do when hearing the news?5. What did I do then?第二段:I went to my
29、teachers office after the award presentation.1. What was the teacher doing when I entered the teachers office?2.What did I say to the teacher?3. How did the teacher feel when hearing my words?4. What did he do and say then?5. How did I feel when hearing the teachers words?把以上设问的答案组合起来,再增加一些衔接过渡句,就得到
30、了续写的两段内容。尝试完成续写。A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest,there came the news.I went to my teachers office after the award presentation.范文赏析：A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. To everyones amazement, I, an immigrant,won first place in the writing cont
31、est. Hearing the good news, I felt a sense of joy surging through me. I leapt into the air and shouted out loud,“I made it!” During the award presentation ceremony, I was invited to deliver a speech. Patient and confident，I told the audience how I once didnt love writing and now enjoyed writing and
32、how I realized the value of perseverance with the help of my teacher. The award presentation finished, I was overwhelmed with gratitude to my teacher. 几周后，我几乎忘记了比赛，消息来了。令大家惊讶的是，我作为一名移民，在写作比赛中获得了第一名。听到这个好消息，我感到一种喜悦涌上心头。我跳到空中，大声喊道：“我成功了！”在颁奖典礼上，我受邀发表了一场演讲。我耐心而自信地告诉观众，我曾经不喜欢写作，现在又喜欢写作，以及我如何在老师的帮助下意识到坚持
33、不懈的价值。颁奖典礼结束后，我对老师充满了感激之情。I went to my teachers office after the award presentation. With the trophy in hand, I entered the office. My teacher rose from the seat, coming up to me. “Congratulations!” he said, slapping me on the back. He grinned from ear to ear as I showed him the trophy. “I owe my su
34、ccess to you, I said sincerely, “Without your encouragement and belief, I wouldnt have succeeded, He laughed, his eyes shining with excitement.“I knew you had it in you, Im proud of you for not giving up, Whenever looking back on this incident, I feel extremely grateful to him. It was my social stud
35、ies teacher who encouraged me to realize my potential and thus changed the course of my life. 颁奖典礼结束后，我去了我老师的办公室。我手里拿着奖杯，走进了办公室。我的老师从座位上站起来，向我走来。“恭喜你！”他说着，拍了拍我的后背。当我给他看奖杯时，他咧嘴一笑。“我的成功要归功于你，”我真诚地说，“如果没有你的鼓励和信念，我就不会成功。”他笑着说，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。“我知道你有这个想法，我为你没有放弃而感到骄傲，”每当回顾这件事，我都对他感到非常感激。是我的社会研究老师鼓励我意识到我的潜力，从而
36、改变了我的生活历程。范文背诵：A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. To everyones surprise, I, an immigrant,won first place in the writing contest. Hearing the good news , I felt a sense of joy surging through me. I leapt into the air and shouted out loud,“I made it!” During the
37、award presentation ceremony, I was invited to deliver a speech. Patient and confident，I told the audience how I once didnt love writing and now enjoyed writing and how I realized the value of perseverance with the help of my teacher. The award presentation finished, I was overwhelmed with gratitude
38、to my teacher. I went to my teachers office after the award presentation. With the trophy in hand, I entered the office. My teacher rose from the seat and came up to me. “Congratulations!” he said, slapping me on the back. He grinned from ear to ear as I showed him the trophy. “I owe my success to y
39、ou, I said sincerely, “Without your encouragement and belief, I wouldnt have succeeded, He laughed, his eyes shining with excitement.“I knew you had it in you, Im proud of you for not giving up, Whenever looking back on this incident, I feel extremely grateful to him. It was my social studies teache
40、r who encouraged me to realize my potential and thus changed the course of my life. 检测：直到那时，我才意识到，只有勇敢和决心才能克服所有的困难。努力最终得到了回报。_听到这个好消息，我感到一种喜悦涌上心头。我跳到空中，大声喊道：“我成功了！”_“恭喜你！”他说着，拍了拍我的后背。_当我给他看奖杯时，他咧嘴一笑。_“我的成功归功于你，”我真诚地说，“如果没有你的鼓励和信念，我就不会成功，”_当我的老师走进教室时，他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。他刚刚宣布我在写作比赛中获得第一名，大家都难以置信，然后给了我雷鸣般的掌声。_
