1、绝密启用前2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国甲卷）英语学科考生注意：1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分）第一节（共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where are the speake
2、rs going? A. A new restaurant. B. A convenience store. C. Their office. 2. When is the class presentation according to Vicky? A. On Thursday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Tuesday. 3. Why does the woman make the call? A. To check the price. B. To make an apology. C. To cancel her order. 4. What is the prob
3、able relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Boss and employee. C. Salesperson and customer. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their move to a new place. B. Toms friends at school. C. A sports center. 第二节（共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、
4、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6 段材料, 回答第6、7题。6. What does the girl tell her dad? A. She decides to quit college. B. She worries about her academic ability. C. She is unpopular with her classmates. 7. How does the father help his daughter? A. By telli
5、ng a funny joke. B. By sharing his own story. C. By planning a school tour. 听第7段材料, 回答第8 至 10题。8. Who is the man? A. A researcher. B. A bird watcher. C. A radio host. 9. When do birds sing quieter? A. On weekend mornings. B. During rush hours. C. In early evenings. 10. What is Dr. Zollinger going to
6、 do next? A. Summarize her studies. B. Play some recordings. C. Answer more questions. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。11. Where was Jena born? A. In Canada. B. In Japan. C. In Australia. 12. How old was Mike when he left Glasgow? A. Five. B. Six. C. Ten. 13. What do we know about Mikes parents? A. They enjoy liv
7、ing abroad. B. They first met at the age of 20. C. They will start their own company. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至16题。14. What is the first question to Mr. Green about? A. His adventure in space. B. His physical condition. C. His doctors advice. 15. How does Mr. Green feel about traveling to Mars? A. Its unlikely
8、 to happen. B. Its physically demanding. C. Its a chance not to be missed. 16. Which is Mr. Greens favorite movie? A. Apollo 13. B. Blue Earth. C. Space Station. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。17. What is the speaker doing? A. Giving a report. B. Introducing a musical play. C. Making an announcement. 18. What a
9、re the students expected to do? A. Carry school flags. B. Wear fun clothes. C. Design fancy masks. 19. Where can the parents stand and watch? A. On the sidewalk. B. On the playground. C. In front of the office. 20. What should the students do if they dont take part? A. Let their teacher know. B. Sta
10、y in the lecture hall. C. Do some reading. 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEach ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard communitys artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to
11、welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages. Light Awash in WatercolorLearn about the materials and qualities of watercolor pain
12、t with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate CreativityFrom webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎
13、动物) create some of natures most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. Wheel ThrowingJoin in
14、structors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potters wheel. Then create your own masterpiece! Knitting and Pom-Pom MakingJoin the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a
15、pair of needles and learn to knit (编织).1. What do we know about ARTS FIRST?A. It is an exhibition of oil paintings.B. It offers art courses for all ages.C. It presents recreational activities.D. It is a major tourist attraction.2. Which program will you join if youre interested in drawing pictures?A
16、. Light Awash in Watercolor.B. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.C. Wheel Throwing.D. Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.3. What can you do together with Javier Marin?A. Practice a traditional dance.B. Make handcrafts.C Visit a local museum.D. Feed invertebrates.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。
17、文章主要介绍了ARTS FIRST艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动，并且邀请热爱的学生或社区成员加入。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities.(我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。)”以及下文的四个小标题“Light Awash in
18、 Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”；“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity(没有骨气的艺术家:无脊椎的创造力)”；“Wheel Throwing(投掷轮子)”和“Knitting and Pom-Pom Making (编织和制作毛绒球)”可推知，ARTS FIRST是提供娱乐活动的。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Light Awash in Watercolor(水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with exp
19、erts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880 1990: Into the Light. (与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家一起了解水彩颜料的材料和质量。在即将到来的“1880 1990年美国水彩画：进入光”展览中，尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。)”可知，如果对画画感
20、兴趣，可以参加Light Awash in Watercolor。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity(无脊椎艺术家：无脊椎动物的创造力)”部分中的“Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum ofHistory to learn how insects and other Natural invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless art
21、ists out of craft materials.(和哈佛历史博物馆的Javier Marin一起学习昆虫和其他自然无脊椎动物是如何跳舞、启发时尚和创造艺术的。同时用手工材料制作你自己的无脊椎艺术家。)”可知，参与者能跟Javier Marin一起进行手工制作。故选B项。BAnimals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare
22、away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and youre able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.
23、However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mothers attention and be fed. Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their nos
24、es to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. Your cat will likely smell your face and store the
25、smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. Thats why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they dont usually like. Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will fin
26、d random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit thats been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that its been in their nature since the beginning of
27、time. So just go along with it!4. What can be learned about cats meowing from the first paragraph?A. Its a survival skill.B. Its taught by mother cats.C. Its hard to interpret.D. Its getting louder with age.5. How does a pet cat assess different situations?A. By listening for sounds.B. By touching f
28、amiliar objects.C. By checking on smells.D. By communicating with other cats.6. Which best explains the phrase take. . . up notch in paragraph 3?A. Perform appropriately.B. Move faster.C. Act strangely.D. Do better.7. What is a suitable title for the text?A. Tips on Finding a Smart CatB. Understandi
29、ng Your Cats BehaviorC. Have Fun with Your CatD. How to Keep Your Cat Healthy【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了猫通过叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物来表达需求、评估环境和展示爱意。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on
30、 to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. (动物可以用很多方式来表达他们的需求。例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护。)”和“Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mothers attention and be fed. (猫宝宝一出生就开始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是为了引起妈妈的注意和被喂食。)”可知，猫叫声是一种生
31、存技能。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. (猫有许多敏锐的感官，但它们的嗅觉令人印象深刻。它们用鼻子来评估周围的环境，寻找任何危险的迹象。)”可知，宠物猫通过检查气味来评估不同情况。故选C。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前半句“Dogsarekn
32、ownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit, (狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取习惯而闻名)”和后句“Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. (许多猫会在外面随意找到一些东西，并把它们带给主人。)”可知，狗以取回东西而闻名，但猫可以从外边找到东西带回来，因此在这一行为上更上一层楼。短语take.upanotch是用来形容猫在带回东西这一行为上做得更好或更出色。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusinga
33、lotofways.( 动物可以用很多方式来表达他们的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介绍和解释猫的各种行为方式，包括叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物的习惯，以及这些行为背后的原因和意义。所以“Understanding Your Cats Behavior(了解你的猫的行为)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。CThe Saint Lukas train doesnt accept passengers it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel
34、 to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. “People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” sa
35、ys Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. Russias public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with
36、measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctors appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. The annual arrival o
37、f the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between
38、visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The trains equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural peo
39、ple to get the treatment they want. ”8. How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains?A. It runs across countries.B. It reserves seats for the seniors.C. It functions as a hospital.D. It travels along a river.9. What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk?A. It is heavily populated.B.
40、It offers training for doctors.C. It is a modern city.D. It needs medical aid.10. How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply?A. About a year.B. About ten months.C. About two months.D. About two weeks.11. What is Duckes attitude toward the Saint Lukas services?A. Appreciative.B. DoubtfulC. Amb
41、iguous.D. Cautious.【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述政府赞助了五辆名为圣卢卡斯的医疗列车为俄罗斯中部和东部偏远地区每年提供为期10个月的巡回医疗服务，为乡村居民提供基本医疗检查和治疗，改善当地医疗条件。【8题详解】细节理解题，根据文章第一段“The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop last
42、s an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. (圣卢卡斯号是五列政府资助的医疗列车之一，前往俄罗斯中部和东部的偏远城镇。每一站平均停留两天，在此期间，船上的医生和护士为农村人口提供基本医疗服务、X光扫描和处方。)”可知，圣卢卡斯号与其他火车的不同之处在于它是政府资助的医疗火车，充当医院。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题
43、，第三段提到“Russias public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctors appointments by video chat and expanding fin
44、ancial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. (俄罗斯的公共卫生保健服务迫切需要现代化。政府一直在努力提出解决这一问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约，扩大财政援助计划，激励医生到克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医。) ”可以推断，Krasnoyarsk需要医疗援助，故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题，根据第四段“For 10 months every year, the train s
45、tops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). ”(每年有10个月，火车两周内停靠大约八个车站，然后返回地区首府进行补给和重新装货。) ”可知，圣卢卡斯号一份补给可以工作大约两周，故选D。【11题详解】推断判断题。根据最后一段的“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little spac
46、e but still staying focused and very concerned, ” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”(“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关注，这给我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke说。这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会。”)”可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas的服务持赞赏的态度，故选A。【点睛】D“I didnt like the ending,” I said t
47、o my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didnt have a traditional
