1、山西省朔州市怀仁市怀仁市第一中学等校2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题一、阅读理解Culinary herbs are fragrant plants which are fit to eat and used in small amounts to add favor to dishes. Most herbs are found in food and also have medicinal uses. There are four herbs for you.Curry leavesThe curry tree is native to India and Sri Lan
2、ka The leaves are dark green and shiny, releasing a pleasant nut- like scent when they are fried in oil. They are a main component of South Indian cuisine, used in the same way as bay leaves are in Western cuisines.ShisoShiso is a Japanese herb with a unique flavor, whose green leaves are often used
3、 as a garnish（装饰） for traditional Japanese dishes. Whether red or green, it can be used in various other ways: mixed into salads, put into green tea, or added to stir- fries.BasilBasil has shiny, deep green, pointed leaves and a sweet- and- savory flavor, which is used in both fresh and dried forms
4、to flavor dishes ranging from Italian sauces to meat dishes to Asian curries. When cooking, add it towards the end to maintain flavor.MintMint has a delicately sweet flavor and creates a distinct cooling feeling due to the menthol（薄荷醇） in the herb. Used for cooking and a variety of medicinal purpose
5、s, mint has soft, bright green leaves that are commonly used in drinks like mint tea, as well as dishes like Vietnamese and Thai stir- fries While dried mint is used in tea making, fresh mint is the preferred form of the herb for cooking.1Which of the following statement about Curry leaves is true?A
6、They are only native to Sri Lanka.BThey enjoy great popularity among Westerners.CThey smell pleasant, like fried nuts.DThey play an important role in South Indian cuisine.2Which herbs can be used both in tea drinks and stir- fries?AMint and Basil.BBasil and Shiso.CCurry leaves and Basil.DMint and Sh
7、iso.3Where is the text probably taken from?AA biology textbook.BAn academic paper.CA botanical magazine.DA commercial poster.Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher st
8、arted Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillos students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurant
9、s outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eage
10、r to try something new. Urban Sprouts classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they
11、 occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now theyre eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the programs benefits go beyon
12、d nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillos special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says,
13、 “and they feel successful.”4What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?AShe used to be a health worker.BShe grew up in a low-income family.CShe owns a fast food restaurant.DShe is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.5What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?AThe kids parents distrusted h
14、er.BStudents had little time for her classes.CSome kids disliked garden work.DThere was no space for school gardens.6Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?AFar-reaching.BPredictable.CShort-lived.DUnidentifiable.7What can be a suitable title for the text?ARescuing School Gar
15、densBExperiencing Country LifeCGrowing Vegetable LoversDChanging Local LandscapeBonobos often form friendly relationships with other bonobo s in separate social groups the first time this has been seen in non-human primates (灵长类). This is in line with humans, but in contrast to chimpanzees, another
16、primate, which frequently kill chimps in other groups. The findings challenge the idea that humans evolved (进化) from violent apes, says Surbeck at Harvard University. “This potential to form cooperative links between different groups is not uniquely human and it might have occurred earlier than we t
17、hought,” he says.Many animals cooperate, but they seem to do so only with those within their social circle, or in-group. Hostile (敌对的 ) interactions between groups are common among animals, including chimpanzees, so scientists have often assumed that hostility towards other social groups in humans i
18、s natural, says Samuni, also at Harvard. However, humans also often cooperate with people in different social circles, for example, by trading or teaching.Bonobos are one of our closest living relatives. They are less studied than chimpanzees, but are known to be more peaceful, says Surbeck. To lear
19、n more about interactions between groups, Surbeck and Samuni observed 31 adult bonobo s from two social groups in Congo over a two-year period. The pair documented 95 encounters between the groups, which represented about 20% of their total observation time. Unlike chimpanzees observed in previous s
20、tudies, they showed cooperation with out-group members. In fact,10% of all mutual grooming (梳毛) and 6% of all food sharing occurred among members of different social groups.While bonobo s that groomed others usually got an immediate benefit, food sharing rarely resulted in a gift in return. This sug
21、gests that their actions were “not just motivated by selfish interests or immediate rewards”, Surbeck and Samuni report.Otten, a researcher from the Netherlands, finds the study “exciting”, especially as it “challenges the idea of human exceptionalism” with regard to out-group cooperation. Otten say
22、s the bonobo s that were most cooperative within their groups were the same ones that cooperated more with out-group members. This agrees with findings from humans. “Scholars used to believe that in-group love goes together with out-group hate, but recent research suggests that often in-group cooper
23、ators are also out-group cooperators,” he says.8What is the focus of the study on bonobos?ATheir social behavior.BTheir survival skills.CTheir evolutionary process.DTheir intelligence level.9What can be learnt about the bonobos?AThey are humans closest relatives.BThey can be taught to cooperate.CThe
24、y interact friendly beyond groups.DThey share food for immediate rewards.10How was the study conducted?ABy comparing different primates.BBy observing bonobos interactions.CBy listing group members motivations.DBy analysing statistics of previous studies.11How does Otten find the study?AForward-looki
25、ng.BGroundbreaking.CControversial.DOne-sided.Many people have wondered why children believe in things like Santa Claus or the Tooth Fairy, thinking that childrens minds are easily fooled. However, developmental psychology offers a different perspective.A study published in Developmental Psychology e
26、xplores how children react to ideas that go against what they usually think and if they check these ideas against what they expect. This way of checking, known as the“ empirical stance,” is evident by the time children reach elementary school.The study involved nearly 200 children aged 3 to 8 from C
27、hinese schools. Each child was presented with five differently- sized objects made from painted Russian dolls. The children naturally assumed that the smallest doll was the lightest and the largest the heaviest. When asked to identify the heaviest object, most children chose the largest one. An adul
28、t then either agreed with the childrens choice or made a claim that the smallest doll was the heaviest. The researchers observed whether the children would change their minds or test the adults claim by comparing the weights of the dolls.Initially, children seemed to trust the adults word, with only
29、 a small percentage insisting on their original belief. However, when given the opportunity to explore the dolls, elementary school children who had received the surprising claim systematically tested it by comparing the smallest and largest dolls. This exploration allowed them to generate evidence
30、that could contradict the adults claim.These findings suggest that while children are willing to trust an adults surprising claims, their acceptance is temporary. By elementary school, they systematically test such claims by seeking new evidence, which they then use to update their beliefs.The study
31、s implications extend beyond childhood. Most adults accept complex concepts, such as the existence of electrons, based on the testimony（证词） of others rather than personal experience.So while children may learn about the magic of Santa Claus from adults, adults might similarly have something to learn
32、 from elementary school children: most of us would do well to adopt an empirical stance more often than we currently do.12What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?AThe methodology of the study.BThe conclusion of the study.CThe significance of the study.DThe theoretical basis of the study.13Which childs resp
33、onse matches the empirical stance?ATaylor believes what the teacher says no matter what.BJordan thinks the earth is flat because his father says so.CEmma assumes the watermelon is sweet and then tastes it.DMaya suspects there are monsters living in trees as the story says.14What lesson could adults
34、learn from children?ARejecting complex concepts.BNever trusting anyone.CLearning from their own experience.DCounting on others testimony.15What is the main purpose of the text?ATo highlight the importance of adults role in childrens education and growth.BTo advocate for a more empirical approach to
35、belief formation across all ages.CTo clarify a misunderstanding about elementary school students learning ability.DTo persuade adults to help children rid themselves of wrong ideas about the world.Common Mistakes New Runners MakeRunning is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do i
36、t. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. 16 , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.Doing too much too soonOne of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easi
37、ng into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine. 17 . 18 Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldnt be further from the truth. Running is a hi
38、gh-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So its important to give your body a rest between workouts.Not wearing the right equipment 19 , its important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be s
39、ure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.Running through pain 20 If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesnt make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep
40、 it healthy.ANot taking rest daysBIf youre just starting outCComparing yourself to othersDRunning can be uncomfortable at timesEIts important not to use the same musclesFWhile it may be true that you dont need expensive equipment to take up runningGExperts suggest increasing your running distance by
41、 no more than 10% each week二、完形填空What I will be hosting, to be exact, is a series of meditation retreats (冥想静修) to be held this spring. During each retreat, about a hundred 21 will come here from all over the world for a period of a week to ten days to deepen their meditation practices. Some of them
42、 are 22 , but many have never been to India. My role is to take care of these people during their 23 here. For most of the retreat, the participants will be in 24 . For some of them, it will be the first time theyve 25 silence as a devotional practice, and it can be intense. However, I will be the o
43、ne person they are 26 to talk to if something is going wrong.I can help them. I am so 27 to help. All the listening skills I learned as a (n) 28 bartender, all the antennas (直觉) Ive ever developed throughout my lifetime that have taught me how to 29 what people are feeling they were all accumulated
44、30 I could help ease these good people into the difficult task theyve 31 . I am so consumed by 32 at their bravery. These people have 33 their families and lives for a few weeks to go into silent retreat with a crowd of perfect 34 in India. Not everybody does this in their 35 .21AemployeesBretireesC
45、intervieweesDdevotees22Apassers-byBold-timesCtrouble-makersDpeace-lovers23AworkBstayCtourDlecture24AdoubtBmemoryCsilenceDsurprise25AtreatedBinterpretedCdescribedDexperienced26AcommandedBremindedCforcedDallowed27AequippedBmovedCwantedDmotivated28AtalkativeBsympatheticCaggressiveDinnocent29AreadBrecor
46、dCexpressDreveal30Aso thatBnow thatCin caseDeven if31Aput asideBtaken onCturned downDgot over32AguiltBsatisfactionCwonderDembarrassment33Acontributed toBrelied onCleft behindDprayed for34AstrangersBopponentsCfriendsDroommates35AjobBadventureCdreamDlifetime三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Christ
47、opher Reeve was born in 1952 to a novelist father and a journalist mother. He had a passion in acting at an early age and finally won the opportunity to star in four Superman films.Unluckily, in 1995, disaster 36 (strike) him. A fall from his horse caused severe injuries to his neck. As a result, he had no movement in his body and couldnt even breathe without a machine, which was like a nightmare to him. At first, his disability made him depressed. Due to the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friend
