1、2025年新高考全国卷英语适应性模拟测试卷5第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A Louis Pasteur once said, “Chance favors the prepared mind. ” Thats the truth behind the following inventions the scientists were prepared and were able to see the magic in a mistake. Mauve In 1856,
2、William Perkin was trying to come up with an artificial medicine, but his experiments produced a thick mess. But the more Perkin looked at it, the more he saw a beautiful color in his mess. It turned out that he had made mauve, the first-ever synthetic dye (合成染料), which was far better than any natur
3、al dyes: The color was brighter, clearer, and wouldnt fade or wash out. Superglue This super-sticky substance was discovered by accident twice! Chemist Harry Coover had been attempting to make clear plastic gunsights, and in 1942 one method he tested produced an extremely quick bonding adhesive (黏合剂
4、). It was useless for his gunsights, though, and he forgot about it until almost ten years later, when he came across it again while developing heat- resistant parts for airplanes. This time he realized its potential, and the product was put on the market. Plastic In 1907, shellac (虫胶) was used in e
5、lectronics. It was costly, so American chemist Leo Baekeland tried to produce an alternative. Instead, his experiments produceda material that could take high temperatures. He later developed it into plastic, and it was soon used in the production of almost everything. Teflon Back in the 1930s, youn
6、g chemist Roy Plunkett was working to make a new kind of CFC for refrigeration. After storing the gas in certain containers, he opened one to discover that it had changed into a white powder that was extremely sticky and had a very high melting point. Three years later, the substance, which was name
7、d Teflon, was patented.21. Which invention came out earliest?A. Mauve. B. Superglue. C. Plastic. D. Teflon.22. Who recognized the value of his original invention when developing airplane parts?A. William Perkin. B. Harry Coover.C. Leo Baekeland. D. Roy Plunkett.23. What do the inventions have in com
8、mon?A. They were made by accident.B. They could take high temperatures.C. They received no recognition at first.D. They could be used in medical fields.B We find the owl at the very edge of our woods the morning after the storm, wings flight-frozen and round eyes glassy. I touch its feathers lightly
9、 with my fingertip and Im surprised because they still feel real even though the owl has slipped away somewhere else and Dad is already digging a hole for it in the rain-soaked earth.I lift its body and its huge in my hands, but the hollow(中空的) bones do most of the work for me, and I almost think th
10、e owl might shake the stiffness from its feathers and fly away. I really dont think this one should go into a hole in the ground. I say that to Dad and he says that its the circle of life and that now the owl will become part of nature again. Feeding the soil with its flesh and growing the roots of
11、plants from its feathers. Dad shifts the last of the dirt with his spade and sits down at the base of a tree with a puff of air that smokes around him. I put the bird in the hole and mark it with a smooth pebble (鹅卵石) so I ll always know. After we ve buried the owl, we walk all around the woods and
12、clear the worst of the damage from the winds and the rain. The damage isnt as bad as its been before and it feels like the storm has cleaned everything back to being new and fresh. I use my hawk eyes and search the ground in flicks and sweeps and I find treasures in the rain-raked earth just like al
13、ways. Pieces of pottery and something that could be a Roman coin. I slip them into my pocket and theybump against each other to tell their stories to me, butI ll listen later.I help Dad load the best of the fallen branches onto the trailer so we can cut them for firewood or maybe a bonfire, and then
14、 we drive over the muddy paths and back to our house.24. What do we know about the owl when the author finds it?A. It is already dead.B. It is hidden in a hole.C. It is too stiff to fly away.D. It is trying to flee the woods.25. Why does the author mark the hole with a pebble?A. To facilitate future
15、 visits.B. To show sympathy for the owl.C. To keep the site clear of plants.D. To draw the attention of passers-by.26. What message does the author want to convey by mentioning the owl?A. Storms make trees take deeper roots.B. In natures embrace, time stands still.C. The darkest hour has only sixty
16、minutes.D. With every leafs fall, a new life emerges.27. What does“I ll listen later” in paragraph 4 reveal about the author?A. Money-driven. B. Wonder-seeking.C. Artistically talented. D. Emotionally mature.C Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic (基因的) damage cause
17、d by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an inbuilt mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA. Plants have small populations of stem cells (干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to conti
18、nuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plants life, which could last thousands of years.
19、 Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological
20、 Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells. When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programm
21、ed cell death, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer. The identification of a similar protective
22、 system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural sciences response to climate change.28. Wh
23、at is the function of the inbuilt mechanism in plants?A. To produce more roots and shoots.B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells being passed on.29. What can we know about stem cells in plants according
24、to the text?A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.C. They make quick response to DNA damage.D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.30. What does the underlined word“propagation” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Spread. B. Change.C. Existence. D. Se
25、lf-repair.31. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.C. The method of insuring plant survival under environmental stress.D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle enviro
26、nmental stress.D Influenced by factors like school funding, sports facilities, teacher resources and safety concerns, traditional physical education was limited to static (静态的) scenes and closed gyms and playgrounds, which lacked interaction and feedback functions. P. E. curriculum was also restrict
27、ed to basic sports like ball games, track and field and gymnastics. However, the emergence and application of new technologies like virtual reality (VR), and 3D technology, greatly expand and innovate sports scenes, providing possibilities for the construction of a flexible“on-site, on-campus, onlin
28、e” integrated new sports world.IT can build online virtual learning environments for students, creating teaching scenes hard to achieve in the physical world. Many schools have already partnered with technology companies to create different teaching scenes using digital sports products. The Universi
29、ty of South Florida has cooperated with the VR sports training company Sense Arena, allowing students to practice tennis on its globally pioneering VR tennis training platform. Students use the Meta Quest 2 headset and VR touching racket(球拍) which imitates the weight and feel of a real tennis racket
30、. The platform features 35 training modes imitating various scenes in real-life tennis matches, including crowd noise, dazzling sunlight, shadows and wind. Athletes can engage in various forms of training, such as skill practice, technical analysis and match imitation. Such a virtual sports teaching
31、 space further enhances the experience ofP. E. learning. Technology-based physical education not only serves ordinary students physical health but also addresses the needs of special groups in sports, especially students who cannot participate in regularP. E. classes due to physical, psychological o
32、r social adaptation issues. Many schools offer specialized sports programs to disabled students, like the“Pathways to Inclusion” program launched by the University of Queensland, which tailors various sports activities to different disabilities, such as blind football and wheelchair hockey. This is
33、made possible with the support of sports technology, as different symptoms require the use of different sports equipment. Through scientific, healthy and joyful educational concepts, technology-empowered P. E. classes convey the values of creating and enjoying a personalized experience, developing a
34、 sports education where everyone participates and benefits.32. How do new technologies change traditional P. E. classes according to paragraph 1?A. By investing more in basic sports.B. By combining them with academic study.C. By making dynamic P. E. classes possible.D. By replacing P. E. teachers wi
35、th AI teachers.33. Which of the following services can Sense Arena provide?A. Real-life tennis matches.B. Virtual headsets and rackets.C. Imitative distracting conditions.D. Sufficient sports space on campus.34. What does the“Pathways to Inclusion” program feature?A. Professional knowledge of psycho
36、logy.B. Technology-assisted sports for the disabled.C. Interactive activities with ordinary students.D. Personalized medical treatment for disabilities.35. What is the authors writing purpose of the text?A. To advertise a new VR product.B. To raise public awareness of physical education.C. To stress
37、 the importance of equality among students.D. To introduce a new application of technology in P. E. classes.第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Common Mistakes New Runners Make Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many mak
38、e a number of common mistakes, which can interfere with(妨碍) training or lead to injury. _36_ , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success. Doing too much too soon One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a trainin
39、g program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue with your new running routine. _37_ ._38_ Beginners might think they need to run every day ( or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldnt be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activi
40、ty which can be really hard on your body. So its important to give your body a rest between workouts. Not wearing the right equipment_39_ , its important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some
41、 research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a pair. Running through pain_40_ . If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesnt make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it health
42、y.A. Not taking rest daysB. If you re just starting outC. Comparing yourself to othersD. Running can be uncomfortable at timesE. Its important not to use the same musclesF. While it may be true that you dont need expensive equipment to take up runningG. Experts suggest increasing your running distan
43、ce by no more than 10% each week第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Im a 47-year-old teacher. I am so blessed to work in the greatest _41_ for 20 years. Despite the _42_ schedule and hard work, I finish each day feeling I have made a _43_ . This is the
44、 drive that keeps me _44_ and passionate. As Christa McAuliffe said, “I touch the future, I teach.” When I was named Maryland Teacher of the Year, I received a congratulatory email from a former student who is now _45_ Georgetown University and is a leader in the student-run Women in Politics group.
45、 Recently, I watched a college basketball game to find another former student _46_ up and down the court for Georgetown. Walking through a supermarket yesterday,I _47_ encountered a former student, who handed me a business card for the company he started, at age 22. Another student said he is in the
46、 _48_ of applying for law school at Howard University. Believe it or not, I _49_ former students with similar success stories nearly every week. Seeing their success and knowing that I was able to make a small _50_ to their success is the greatest_51_ . Those glorious moments _52_ me to continue hop
47、ing to play a role in the life of every child. Sometimes, while I am watching my _53_ students working in class,I try to _54_ what they will be doing ten years from now. I would not _55_ my career for any other. I literally touch the future every day.41. A. business B.companyC. profession D. project
48、42. A. light B. tight C. flexible D. casual43. A. difference B. fortuneC. name D. promise44. A. generous B. independentC. curious D. inspired45. A. leaving B. joining C. attending D. visiting46. A. cheering B. pacingC. judging D. running47. A. unavoidably B. unexpectedlyC. unconditionally D. unquestioningly48. A. habit B. form C. hope D. process49. A. came across B. picked upC. calmed down D. turned to50. A. change B. contributionC. proposal D
