1、Unit 4知识清单（背记版）P62-P63:1.不同的国家有它们自己的节假日：different countries have their own festivals and holidays. country:n.国家；乡村：across the crountry:全国各地；in the countryside:在农村 own:adj./pron.属于自己的（东西）my own money;v.拥有：He owns this bookstore;owner:n.所有者；主人 on ones own (adv.) 独自一人=by oneself=alone. 2.不同的庆祝方式：differ
2、ent ways to celebrate. way:n.道路，方式，途径；way to do sth:做某事的方式 way to +n.通往的路/途径，方式；way to school / success. on the way:在路上；即将来到； in the way:挡道；妨碍 celebrate:v. 庆祝；n.celebation:庆祝活动 celebratewith sb.和某人一起庆祝 celebratewith sth.用来庆祝 3.遵循传统：follow traditions.4.与亲人共度节假日：spend festivals and holidays with their
3、 loved onesspend with sb.与某人一起度过loved ones:亲人；爱人；至亲至爱。5.其他节假日：other festivals and holidays other:其他的， 后跟名词复数； others= other + 名词复数； another：三者或三者以上范围中的另一个，后跟可名词单数。 the other:两者中的另一个,后跟名词单数（总数是两个）/名词复数（总数一分为二）6. 全世界：around the world= all over the world = worldwide = across the world=globally=internat
4、ionally.7. 特别的：special special:adj.特别的，特殊的，专用的；n.特价；adv.specially:特别的，专门的P64-P65:8. 在春节期间：during the Spring Festival.9.一个不同寻常的春节：an unusual Spring Festival. unusual:adj.不同寻常的,特别的=special. 变形：usual:寻常的，平常的；as usual:和往常一样. usually:adv.通常。10.请我的英国朋友吃一顿中式晚餐：treat my British friend to a Chinese dinner. t
5、reat:v.请客，招待；对待；治疗；n.请客,款待；美味的（不常吃的）东西；乐趣。 treat sb.招待/款待某人；trick or treat:不招待就使坏（万圣节时儿童挨家索要糖果用语） treat sb. to sth.招待某人享用某物 its sbs treat:由某人请客 treatas 将看作/视为 treat differently:对区别对待；11.为某人做饭：cook for sb. cook:v.烹饪，做饭；n.厨师,炊事员，做饭的人； cooker:炊具，炉具；rice cooker:电饭锅 cook sb.sth.= cook sth. for sb.为某人做饭 c
6、ook a meal:做一顿饭；cook Chinese dishes: 做中国菜12.然而，我就是做不到（文中指不会做饭）：However, I just couldnt make it. however:adv.然而；不管多么； however表示转折时，后面常加逗号，而but没有。 .make it: （经历艰难困苦后）成功;(及时)到达（尤指来得及做某事）;及时赶上参加; The climbers finally make/made it to the top of the mountain. You can make it if you study hard from now on.
7、 13.我经常看奶奶做饭：I often watched grandma cook. watch sb.do sth:看着/注视着某人做某事（强调动作的过程）；watch sb.doing sth:看着某人正在做某事（强调动作的正在进行）类似的还有：see sb.do sth; see sb. doing sth 14.但我从来没有自己做过饭：But I never cooked anything myself. myself:我自己，在此句中作I的同位语（修饰人），等价于：I myself never cooked anything.等于in person（亲自） by myself:独立地
8、；在句中常做状语（修饰行为），等于on my own. 15. 包饺子：make dumplings. 16.我的全家人都在手机那头帮我：My whole family came to my help on the phone. whole:adj.全部的，整个的，整体的 ；n.整个，全部，整体 He spent the whole morning reading newspapers:他整个上午都在看报。 The teacher divides the whole class into 4 groups.老师将全班分为4组。 the whole+名词单数；all the+名词复数（通常）；
9、as a whole：作为一个整体；总体上； come to ones help:来帮某人的忙；help.(UN.)帮助；need ones help:需要某人的帮助；give sb. help. be of help=helpful come to ones rescue:解救，拯救某人 come to ones mind:突然想起17.我一小时之内就成为大厨了：I became a chef in an hour. become:成为，变成，开始变得；属于系动词，后接名词/形容词作表语。 *常见的系动词：be动词（表状态）；感官动词（look看起来, sound听起来,smell闻起来,t
10、aste尝起来,feel摸起来）；变化系动词（表变化,意为变得）:get,grow, turn, become等。 chef：n.厨师；主厨；厨师长。 in an huor:一小时之后，常与将来时连用：He will be back in an hour.18.我甚至用黄瓜做出了花朵造型:I even made cucumber flowers.even:adv.甚至（强调感到意外）；即使；（用于加强比较）甚至更（修饰比较级）；adj.均匀的，平坦的；The streets are even wider and cleaner now.even if:即使，后跟让步状语从句。 Im going
11、 to the party even if it rains.19.悬挂气球和灯笼：hang balloons and lanterns.hang:v.悬挂;过去式：hung；hanger:n.衣架 hang out:闲逛； hang up:挂断电话； the Lantern Festival:元宵节after:prep./conj.在之后； prep.（介词）：后面常跟n./ pron./ ving.:after achool;after dinner; after finishing my homework。【与before相反】 conj.（连词）：后面常跟句子（after引导时间状语从
12、句）：After I finished my homework, I started to do some reading.= I started to do some reading after I finished my homework.*after Vs before: I have breakfast after I brush my teeth and wash my face.=I brush my teeth and wash my face before I have breakfast.20.我把最后一道菜端上了桌：I put the last dish on the ta
13、ble. puton：把放在上面； put on:穿上；上演；播放；增加；假装； putinto：把放进里面 put away:把放好； put up:张贴；举起；搭建；公布 put up with:忍受 put out:扑灭 put off:推迟last:adj:最后的，上一个的；v.持续，延续； Chinese studentssummer vacation usually lasts for 2 months. last but not least:最后但同样重要的是 first and formost:首先dish(CN.)菜肴；碟，盘； do the dishes = make th
14、e dishes:清洗餐具； make the dishes:做菜；dishwasher:n.洗碗机 21.狮子头：the lions head. 22.你在开玩笑么?：Are you joking? joke:v.开玩笑；n.玩笑；Im joking= Im kidding. tell jokes:讲笑话；play a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑 23.那难道不是违法的吗?: Isnt that against the law? be/go against:对抗，违反：We shouldnt go against the rules in class.我们不应该违反课堂规则。 aga
15、inst：prep. 对抗，反对；紧靠；撞 Well play against the other shool basketball team. The rain beat heavily against the windows. The mop（拖把） is placed against the wall.24.感到吃惊：be shocked. shock:v.使震惊，使惊愕；n.震惊；令人震惊的事。 shocked:adj.感到震惊的；be shocked at：对感到震惊； shocking:adj.令人震惊的； It was a shock to me. The news of his
16、 death came as a shock to us all.25.猪肉丸子：pork meatballs.26.它圆圆的形状象征着阖家团圆：Its round shape stands for family reunions. shape:n.形状；外形；v.形成，塑造； stay/be in shape:保持身材；保持体形 family reunion（s）:家人团聚 27.try sth.:试试某物try on:试穿；try to do sth.设法做某事；尽力做某事；try doing sth.尝试做某事28.艾米莉亚用餐刀切了一块，放进嘴里：Emilia cut a piece
17、of it with her knife and put it into her mouth. a piece of:一块，一条，一件，一张，一片 a piece of bread/ jeans/ paper/ news/ advice. with:prep.用,凭借29.房间里充盈着菜肴的香味和我们的欢声笑语：The smell of the dishes and our laughter filled the room. the smell of：的香味； the taste of：的味道； the sound of：的声音； laughter:n. 笑声； burst into laug
18、hter:突然大笑 laughter is the best medicine:笑是最好的良药。 fill:v.充满，填满；fill A with B:用B填满A; be filled with:充满着；装瞒着30.我感觉就像回到了家：I felt like I was back home. feel like + sth/doing sth./句子：感觉像 be back home :回到家（表状态）；home是副词，前面省略了to. P66-P71:31.吃完一顿饭后：after the meal meal:n.一顿饭；We Chinese usually have three meals
19、 a day.32.我独自一人(全靠我自己)：all by myself.33.我非常想念我的家人：I miss my family so much. miss：v.想念；错过；未击中,未达到 Our basketball team just missed and lost a point. I cant miss the chance to win any more.34.作者的解决方案：the writers solution(s). solution:n.解决方案；the best solution:最佳的解决办法 a/the solution to the problem:问题的解决方
20、案 结果：result(cn.)拓展讲解见U3知识清单。35.庆祝春节的常见方式：common ways of celebratiing the Spring Festival.36.熬夜：stay up Its bad for your health to stay up late every day.37.博客文章：the blog post. post:n.邮政，邮递；博文；v.发布，公布China Post; post office; You pay for it online and will receive(收到)it by post. She posted some pictur
21、es in the Wechat group a moment ago.38.你好：Hi there!39.中国文化：Chinese culture.40.让我们来了解一下端午节：Lets get to know the Dragon Boat Festival. get to:抵达；get to do sth.开始/得以做某事41.人们在英语中称它为“双五节”：People call it the Double Fifth Festival in English. call:v.称作；打电话；n.打电话，通话；呼吁，召唤； called名叫/被称作=named ：One day, he me
22、t a boy called/named Tom. make a phone call:打电话 answer the call:接电话；响应号召 call for:需要，要求；提倡，号召 in English 用英语42.它总是在农历五月初五举行：It always takes place on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. take place:发生（按计划进行）； happen： 发生（偶然性） 某人发生某事：Sth. happens/happened to sb. 活动的举行/事件的发生：Sth take/took place+状语； l
23、unar month:农历/阴历月份；solar month:公历月份43.节日中最好的部分是龙舟比赛：The best part of the festival is the dragon boat races. the best part of:最好的部分 The best part of the show/film/book/ （a）part of：的一部分 the dragon boat races:龙舟比赛44.河边沾满了人：The riversides are full of people. the riversides:河边 river bank:河岸 be full of:满的
24、，充满着(表状态)，相当于be filled with；full:adj. 满的，饱的45.在节日期间，吃粽子是必不可少的一件事：Eating zongzi is a must during the festival. eating zongzi:动名词作主语，此句结构为：Doing sth.+be +n.= It is + n+to do sth.(Its a must to eat zongzi during the festival.) must:n.必须做的事；必不可少的东西；modal v.：必须,一定； *is a must for：对于而言，是必不可少的事 *Visiting t
25、he Great Wall in Beijing is a must for those who come to China for the first time. *must do sth:必须做某事；must be:一定，肯定； *mustnt do sth.:禁止做某事46.在华北：in the north of China 在华南：in the south of China 在华东：in the east of China 在华西：in the west of China47.甜的：sweet 咸的：adj.saltysalt:n.盐 酸的：adj. sour 苦的：adj. bitt
26、er 辣的：adj. hot/spicy48.一定要做某事/务必要做某事：be sure to do sth. sure:adj.确信的，肯定的；adv.当然；的确 be sure of/about sth.确信某事，对某事有把握； be sure to do sth./be sure of doing sth.确定做某事 make sure to do sth./make sure+that从句:确保做某事49.你更喜欢哪种口味？Which taste do you prefer? prefer:v.偏爱，更喜欢；=likebetter；n.preference(cn) prefer A t
27、o B:相比A，更喜欢A. prefer doing A to doing B:相比做B，更喜欢做A. prefer to do sth:更喜欢做某事 prefer to do A rather than do B:宁愿做A，也不愿做B.50.你和谁庆祝这个节日？Who do you celebrate the festival with?51.我最喜欢的活动包括:My favourite activities include include：v.包括,包含; prep.: including My favourite subjects include Chinese,math,and Eng
28、lish.=I have many favourite subjects,including Chinese,math and English.52.在西方（国家）：In the West=in the western countries.53.搭起/装饰一棵圣诞树：put up a Christmas tree.54.一起分享大餐：share a large meal together. 互相赠送礼物：give each other gifts gift:n.礼物，天赋；作“礼物”理解时，等于“present”55.如今，还有一些有创意的方式来庆祝圣诞节：Nowadays,there are
29、 also some creative ways to celebrate Christmas. creative:adj.有创意的，创造性的；n.creativity:创造力；创造性； create:v. 创造；创建；引起；n.creation:创造，创建 目前，现在，现今：nowadays.56. 圣诞节快到了：Christmas is coming.57.它会带来快乐，但也会带来浪费和污染：It will bring joy,but also waste and pollution. bring:v.带来；take:v.带走 waste:n.浪费(un)，废弃物(cn)； v.浪费 fo
30、od waste:食物浪费 a waste of food/time/money/energy:浪费食物/时间/金钱/精力 =waste time/money/energy. pollution:n.污染，污染物；v.pollute air pollution:大气污染；water pollution:水污染 white pollution:白色污染；noise pollution:噪声污染 环境污染：environmental pollution.58.丢弃、乱扔：throw(过去式：threw) away.59.砍伐了将近1.2亿棵树：cut(过去式：cut)down nearly 120
31、 million trees.60.塑料圣诞树：plastic Christmas trees.61.造成/导致污染：cause pollution.62.过一个绿色圣诞节：have a “green Christmas”.63.圣诞节可能会造成浪费和污染：Christmas could cause waste and pollution. could:modal v.情态动词：表示可能性：可能 could用法：可作为can的过去式，表示“能够”；还可以用于疑问句，表示委婉语气，征求对方许可（用作一般现在时）: Could you please tell me where the neares
32、t hospital is.64.造成/产生环境问题：create environmental problems. 造成污染：cause/create pollution.65.让我们不要做某事：Lets not do sth. 我不同意：I dont agree. 顺便说一下/顺便提一下：by the way 用旧报纸包装礼物：wrap the gifts in old newspapers.P72-P73:66.职责闪耀时：When duty shines. duty:n.职责，责任；on duty:值日 shine:v.闪耀，照耀，发光；(过去式：shone)；n.阳光；光亮；sunsh
33、ine:n.阳光. The sun shines bright outside the window.窗外阳光灿烂。67.意味着某事：mean sth. mean:v.意思是，意味着；打算；adj.刻薄的，吝啬的； mean doing sth.意味着做某事； mean to do sth.打算做某事 *meaning:n.含义，意义；meaningful:adj.有意义的；meaningless:adj. 无意义的.68.从工作中抽身：a break from work break:n.休息；take a break:休息一下；v.打破（broke） break sth into piece
34、s:把某物打碎. break ones heart:伤了某人的心69.在急诊室：in the emergency room(ER).70.修饰形容词比较级的词：much,far,even, a lot, a little等,表程度上更加：much busier;far more enjoyable; a little closer; even cleaner.71.连续工作：work without breaks.72.节日是个挑战：Festivals are a challenge. challenge:n.挑战；adj.challenging:有挑战性的； adj.challenged:伤
35、残的，有残疾的（委婉语） 73.情况/处境糟糕：be in a bad situation. patient:（cn.）病人；adj.耐心的adv.patiently be patient with:对有耐心74.随时待命：stand by every minute. stand by:袖手旁观；做好准备，准备行动；stand by ones side:支持某人； stand:v.站立；忍受，经受；n.货摊75.几乎没有时间做某事：have little to do sth. 在节日期间：at festivals at the Spring Festival:在春节期间=during the
36、Spring Festival *on+具体的某一天；at和during可表示“在期间”。 On the first day of the Spring Festival:大年初一 76.她从未后悔选择成为一名急诊医生：She never regrets her decision to be an ER doctor. *句子成分分析：主干：她从未后悔她的决定（主谓宾）。 “to be an ER doctor”：动词不定式短语作定语，修饰名词“决定”，具体解释决定的内容。 e.g.Her parents fully supported her decision to be a doctor.
37、她的父母全力支持她当医生的决定。 regret:v.后悔(regretted);regret sth./regret doing sth. n.后悔，遗憾，痛惜； decision:n.决定；make a decision:做一个决定；make a decision to do sth=decide(v.) to do sth.77.充分利用：make the most of 近义词组：make good use of; make better use of; make full use of.78.我非常感谢他们的支持：Im very thankful for their support.
38、thankful:adj.感激的，感谢的；v.thank; n.thank; 三单/复数:thanks; adv.thankfully. be thankful for sth. be thankful to sb. thank sb. for sth./thank sb.for doing sth./thanks for sth./ thanks for doing sth. 79.数百万医务工作者之一：one of millions of nedical workers. one of +可数名词复数：中之一：one of the students. one of +the +adj最高级
39、+可数名词复数：最的人/物中之一：Tu Youyou is one of the greatest scientists in modern China. millions of:数百万的；数百的：后跟名词复数；hundreds of;数千的/成千上万的：thousands of； hundreds of millions of:数以亿计的 口诀：模糊数字s,of别丢掉；精确数字s,of都不要。 medical workers:医务工作者 medical equipment:医疗设备 medical care:医保（医疗保健） medical:adj.医学的，医疗的；n.medicine:医药
40、，医学 e.g Take this medcine three times a day.这种药一天服用三次。80.放弃某事/某人：give up sth./sb. *代词放中间，名词放两边。 give up doing sth.放弃做某事 give up sth.for sth.为某事而放弃某事 give up sth to do sth.为了做某事而放弃某事81. 响应职责的召唤：anwser the call of duty. answer the call of:响应的召唤 answer the call of nature:解手；上厕所82.在的心中：in the heart of83
41、.他们的辛勤付出比节日的烟花更璀璨夺目：Their hard work shines brighter than festive fireworks. hard work：n.艰辛，辛苦付出；（作主语，宾语，表语，定语等） work hard:v.努力，勤勉；（作谓语） hard-working/hardworking:adj.刻苦的，勤奋的；（作表语，定语等） hard:adj.困难的，坚硬的，用力的，努力的；adv.努力地，艰难地； *hardly:adv.几乎不：I can hardly see the words on the wall. bright:adj.明亮的,光线充足的；聪明
42、的；adv.bright(常只与shine连用，且放在其后)/ brightly(可与动词/分词连用，可放在动词前/后) The sun shone bright:阳光灿烂。 They paint the wall brightly:他们把墙壁漆得亮堂堂的。 节日的烟花：festive fireworks festive:adj.节日的，欢庆的； n.festivalP74-P77: 84.要求某人做某事：require sb. to do sth. require:v.需要，要求；依靠，依赖；n.requirement. require sth.；require doing sth. sth
43、. require doing:某事要求被做（主动表被动） sb. be required to do sth.某人被要求做某事 85.考虑某事：consider sth=think about sth. consider:v.考虑；认为 consider sth; consider doing sth.86.为我们的社会提供服务：provide services to our society.87.节日经历：festival experiences.88.你的评论：your comments89.庆祝的理由：reasons to celebrate90.【佳作必背】 Mid-Autumn F
44、estivalFor Chinese people, Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important festivals of the year.I usually spend Mid-Autumn Festival with my family. During the festival, we do various activities. One of the most enjoyable is to enjoy the bright full moon in the sky. We set up tables outside with delicious food and enjoy the peaceful evening. We also play traditional games such as lantern riddles to add to the fun and excitement.No Mid-Autumn Festival is complete without mooncakes. It stands for reunion and completeness. We shar
