1、UNIT20 Mobile Broadband(MBB)Technologies 20-1 Technical Part20-2 Reading Material 20-1 Technical Part 20-1-1 Definition Mobile broadband is the marketing term for wireless Internet access through a portable modem,mobile phone(called“cell phones”in North America and South Africa),USB Wireless Modem,o
2、r other mobile devices.20-1-2 Introductions With the arrival of new GSM mobile communications,wireless mobile data telecommunication progressively applies in more and more fields.According to data from the International Telecommunication Union,mobile broadband penetration worldwide was about 65 perc
3、ent higher than fixed broadband penetration in 2010,but it was 1,400 percent higher in African countries.A barrier to mobile broadband was the coverage the mobile phone networks can provide.In many areas customers will not be able to achieve the speeds advertised due to mobile data coverage limitati
4、ons.In addition,there are issues with connectivity,network capacity,application quality,and mobile network operators overall inexperience with data traffic.Demand from emerging markets fueled growth in mobile broadband.Without a widespread fixed line infrastructure,many emerging markets leapfrog dev
5、eloped markets and use mobile broadband technologies to deliver high-speed internet access to the mass market.Mobile internet,which had just been a distant dream till a few years ago,is progressing so fast today that it is revolutionizing the entire framework of communication technology today.Mobile
6、 internet is basically an extension of the internet on mobile devices which allows the users to access internet even while they are on a move.It is showing some kinds of smart devices in figure 20-1.Figure 20-1 Some modern smart phonesMobile internet is a lot more than that.It is an integration of t
7、elecommunication technologies and internet in such a way that it provides solutions to all types of communication requirements of man today.With the amount of progress which has been achieved in wireless technology,sophisticated software and hardware design,the way we communicate has changed in quit
8、e a major way.In the last few years,not only has the use of cell phones increased in quite a dramatic way,but the way that people prefer to communicate and stay in touch with the world has changed too.People today are always on the move,and for this reason,the best way to stay in touch with others i
9、s through mobile internet.Today,with high technology cell phones which support numerous internet functions,people are using their favorite social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter while they are on the move as we can see in Figure 20-2.The global third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)fa
10、mily of standards which includes GSM,EDGE,WCDMA,HSPA and LTE is the most widespread way to deliver mobile broadband.3GPP standards are serving about 90 percent of the worlds mobile subscribers.Figure 20-2 Useful applications in samrtphonesMobile broadband subscribers hit 500 million in 2010,at the e
11、nd of 2011 Ericsson predicted it will be doubled to a billion.400 million come from Asia Pacific region,followed by North America and Western Europe with more than 200 million subscriptions each.In the United Kingdom,a steering group known as Digital Britain was set up,with the aim of promoting digi
12、tal telecommunications in October 2008.The conclusion of the steering group was a recommendation that the government took up,namely to have 100%broadband coverage,with a minimum speed of 2Mbps in the United Kingdom by the year 2012.Mobile“broadband”using 3G is now not expected to be able to ensure 2
13、Mbit/s broadband coverage to the more remote areas of the UK as coverage is too poor and contention too high.20-1-3 Application Case or Example3G networks have taken this approach to a higher level,using different underlying technology but the same principles.They routinely provide speeds over 300kb
14、it/s.Due to the now increased internet speed;internet connection sharing via WLAN has become a workable reality.Devices which allow internet connection sharing or other types of routing on cellular networks are called also cellular routers.A further evolution is the 3.5G technology HSDPA,which provi
15、des speeds of multiple Megabits per second.Several of the mobile network operators that provide 3G or faster wireless internet access offer plans and wireless modems that enable computers to connect to and access the internet.These wireless modems are typically in the form of a small USB based devic
16、e or a small,portable mobile hotspot that acts as a WiFi access point(hotspot)to enable multiple devices to connect to the internet.WiMAX based services that provide high speed wireless internet access are available in some countries and also rely on wireless modems that connect to the providers wir
17、eless network.Mobile phones,smartphones,and PDAs can be employed as data modems to form a wireless access point connecting a personal computer to the Internet(or some proprietary network).In this use the mobile phone is providing a gateway between the cellular service providers data network technolo
18、gy and Point-to-Point Protocol(PPP)spoken by PCs.Almost all current mobile phone models support the Hayes command set,a standard method of controlling modems.To the PC,the phone appears like an external modem when connected via serial cable,USB,IrDA infrared or Bluetooth wireless.Some cellular provi
19、ders forbid this kind of usage,or charge an extra fee.Wireless FireWire,USB and Serial modems are also used in the Wi-Fi and WiMAX standards,operating at microwave frequencies,to give a laptop,PDA or desktop computer an access point to a network.The modems may be as large as a regular cable modem to
20、 as small as a dongle or USB-stick.If combined with Voice over IP(VoIP)technology,these computing devices can make and receive telephone calls.Figure 20-3 Wireless modem for internetPCMCIA,ExpressCard and Compact Flash modems were also used.These card-modems could also have GPS included.Figure 20-3
21、show the wireless router for browse internet.20-2 Reading Material 20-2-1 Reading Comprehension Mobile Broadband Technology-Speed On the GoMobile broadband technology is the next generation evolution which changed the way how we communicated.Basically,with the help of mobile broadband,the computer u
22、sers can surf the internet,send and receive email from anywhere they like even outside their home.Mobile broadband works on the same technology on which cell phones work.It is all about the radio frequencies and waves.The cell phone radio towers and cell phones send packets of information back and f
23、orth through radio waves.For cell phone broadband,the information packets can be data like streaming video,music files,web pages and e-mails.Basically,there are two technologies which are used to operate the networks of cell phones-CDMA(Code division multiple access)and GSM(Global System for mobile
24、communications).GSM is quite popular in Asia and Europe while CDMA is popular in the US.There are quite major differences between these systems and the way that they operate.Both of these use different types of algorithms which allow several cell phone users to share the same frequency without inter
25、fering the usage of others.Mobile broadband is known as third generation mobile technology or 3G.CDMA and GSM both have their 3G technology solutions for allowing users to deliver high speed access to the internet on mobile devices.Mobile internet and broadband technology is the new trend in cell ph
26、one users.People prefer to listen to music,watch videos,send and receive emails and communicate to each other while they are on the move,and to be able to do that they need mobile broadband or mobile internet.With so many people hooked on to the virtual world and the mobile technologies,there is no
27、doubt that there would still be many more developments in this field.In the past 15 years,the internet has fundamentally changed the way we work,play and communicate.Evolving wireless and mobile broadband technologies are now enabling the next major wave the Mobile Internet.The next-generation Mobil
28、e Internet will enable consumers and businesses to connect and access new types of applications and new forms of information wherever and whenever they want.The development of this new Mobile Internet marketplace has just begun.In the next decade,the expansion of the Mobile Internet will likely be t
29、he fastest growing marketplace in the telecommunications industry.Words&Expressionsevolution n.演变；进化论；进展broadband n.宽频；宽波段frequencie n.频率(frequency的复数形式)；频数分析；次数分配表streaming n.流；(英)按能力分组 v.流动(stream的ing形式)multiple adj.多重的；多样的；许多的algorithms n.算法；算法式(algorithm的复数)frequency n.频率；频繁virtual adj.虚拟的；物有效的；
30、实质上的，事实上的fundamentally adv.根本地，从根本上；基础地wireless n.无线电applications n.应用；应用程序；应用软件(application的复数)forms n.表格(form的复数形式)；表单；窗体marketplace n.市场；商场；市集expansion n.膨胀；阐述；扩张物industry.n.勤劳，勤奋；孜孜不倦；总称工业(指区别于农业)usage n.使用；用法；惯例interfering adj.干涉的；多管闲事的 v.妨碍(interfer的ing形式)20-2-2 ExercisesI.Multiple Choices.1.M
31、obile broadband is all about_.A.ElectricityB.the radio frequenciesC.WavesD.medium 2.For cell phone broadband,the information packets can be datalike_.A.streaming video B.music filesC.web pages D.e-mails3.What is the new trend in cell phone users?A.Low cost.B.Mobile internet.C.Advertising effect.D.Br
32、oadband technology.4.Which of the below description of Mobile internet and broadband technology is NOT CORRECT according the passage?A.Many people dont like to hooked on to the virtual world and the mobile technologies.B.It would still be many more developments in this field.C.People prefer to liste
33、n to music,watch videos,send and receive emails by mobile broadband or mobile internet.D.Mobile internet and broadband help people communicate to each other while they are on the move.5.Which of the below description is NOT CORRECT according the passage?A.In the past 15 years,the internet has fundam
34、entally changed the way we work,play and communicate.B.The next-generation Mobile Internet will enable consumers and businesses to connect and access new types of applications and new forms of information wherever and whenever they want.C.Mobile broadband technology is the first generation evolution
35、 which changed the way how we communicated.D.CDMA and GSM both have their 3G technology solutions for allowing users to deliver high speed access to the internet on mobile devices.II.Read&Translate.1.Basically,with the help of mobile broadband,the computer users can surf the internet,send and receiv
36、e email from anywhere they like even outside their home.2.For cell phone broadband,the information packets can be data like streaming video,music files,web pages and e-mails.3.Both of these use different types of algorithms which allow several cell phone users to share the same frequency without int
37、erfering the usage of others.4.People prefer to listen to music,watch videos,send and receive emails and communicate to each other while they are on the move,and to be able to do that they need mobile broadband or mobile internet.5.The nextgeneration Mobile Internet will enable consumers and businesses to connect and access new types of applications and new forms of information wherever and whenever they want.
