1、2025年译林版七年级下册第一单元语法详解与练习基数词和序数词 英语上的数词分为两大类：基数词和序数词。一、基数词（cardinal number）1.定义：描述事物数量的多少，表示数目的数词称为基数词。基数词主要表示事物或人物的个数。2 、基数词形式（1）百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred” ，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上 and . 例子：101 a hundred and one 648 six hundred and forty-eight（2）基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，当基数词表 示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词则以
2、复数形式出现。There are hundreds ofpeople in the hall 大厅里有数以百计的人。Thousands and thousands ofpeople come to visit the Museum every day .每天有成千上万的人来参观博物。二、序数词（Ordinal Numbers）1 、定义：序数词是指表示顺序的数词，一般由与之相应的基数词加th 构成(但有特殊形式需特别 记忆)汉语中表示为“第几” 。 序数词主要用作定语，前面一般要加定冠词the(或物主代词)。如：Their second son is a doctor. 他们的二儿子是个博士。
3、I like the first movie. 我喜欢第一部电影。此外，在描述日期时，也会用到序数词。比如：May-first （5 月 1 日）-What date is it? -Its the fifth of June.月份：January February March April May JuneJuly August September October November December基数词和序数词的关系图1）1-20 的写法1-12 表达英语中有相对应的单词13-19 都是以teen 结尾，其中除 13, 15, 18 之外，都是表示几的基数词后面直接加teen 构成表示 十几
4、的基数词，如 four-fourteen整十都是以ty 结尾，其中除twenty 特殊记忆外，其他都是表示十几的基数词去掉teen 换成 ty， 但 40 要去掉 u（一定要记住十四是十四，四十是四十）数字的读法两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如 twenty-one三位数如 one hundred and twenty-one ，百位和十位之间加 and ，后面两位要加连字符四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加 and ，如 1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million,
5、 billion 不带复数词尾-s ，但若用于表示数百、数千、 数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。 Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海边去。3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如： He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在 20 世纪 30 年代。1 one几十的基
6、数词都以“ty”结尾100 a hundred2 two20 twenty1000 a thousand3 three13 thirteen30 thirty4 four14 fourteen40 forty5 five15 fifteen50 fifty6 six16 sixteen60 sixty7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety10 ten13 到 19 都是以“teen”结尾几十几的数词的表达如56=50 + 6 fifty - six21 twenty-o
7、ne32 thirty-two43 forty-three11 eleven12 twelve1) 基 数词 变序 数词 的口 诀如 下：一 二三， 特殊 记，八去t 九去e ，f 要将 ve 替，几十几只变个位就可以，y 变为 ie ，然后再加 th 。（结合数字理解记忆）1-12 的序数词中以 twelfth 考察最多。ninth ，eighth 和 fifth 次之。一定要记住这些特殊变位的。2）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第 21)，thirty-sixth(第 36)，ninety-ninth(第 99) ，three hundred and s
8、ixty-fifth(第 365)等。第 1 first 1st第 13 thirteenth 13th第 20 twentieth第 100 hundredth第 2 second 2nd第 14 fourteenth 14th第 30 thirtieth第 21 twenty-first 第 32 thirty-second 第 43 Forty-third第几十几：几十加第几 如：第 54= 50+第四 fifty-fourth第 3 third 3rd第 15 fifteenth 15th第 40 fortieth第 4 fourth 4th第 16 sixteenth 16th第 5
9、0 fiftieth第 5 fifth 5th第 17 seventeenth 17th第 60 sixtieth第 6 sixth 6th第 18 eighteenth 18th第 70 seventieth第 7 seventh 7th第 19 nineteenth 19th第 80 eightieth第 8 eighth 8th第 90 ninetieth第 9 ninth 9th第几十：把 y 改为 ie 再加 th第 10 tenth 10th第 11 eleventh 11th第 12 twelfth 12th课堂过关把握基础 灵活运用 1 Today is my fathers
10、(forty-one) birthday.2 Peters birthday is on the (twelve) day of this month.3 Teachers Day is in September, the (nine) month of the year.4 Today is her (thirty) birthday. You can see thirty candles (蜡烛) on the birthday cake.5 Today we have eight lessons and history is the (three) one.6 Students can
11、find the library on the floor. (eight)7 Quan Hongchan took part in the Asian Games (亚运会) in Hangzhou. (nineteen)8 Today is my birthday. My classmates have a party for me. (thirteen)9 We have (twenty) bottles of juice.10 Old Tom lives on the (twenty-nine) floor. Its not easy for him to go up and down
12、.11 Today is my fathers (forty-one) birthday.12 Peters birthday is on the (twelve) day of this month.13 Teachers Day is in September, the (nine) month of the year.14 Today is her (thirty) birthday. You can see thirty candles (蜡烛) on the birthday cake.15 Today we have eight lessons and history is the
13、 (three) one.16 Students can find the library on the floor. (eight)17 Quan Hongchan took part in the Asian Games (亚运会) in Hangzhou. (nineteen)18 Today is my birthday. My classmates have a party for me. (thirteen)19 We have (twenty) bottles of juice.20 Old Tom lives on the (twenty-nine) floor. Its no
14、t easy for him to go up and down.二、单项选择1 Linda is my _ friend in the new class. And I have _ friends here now.A the fifth, five B fifth, five C five, the fifth D fifth, the five2 This morning we have classes and the class is English.A four; first B fourth; first C fourth; one D four; one3 Tina, how
15、old is your father? . And my mother will have a party for his birthday.A Forty; forty B Forty; fortieth C Fortieth; fortieth D Fortieth; forty4 There are months in a year, and December is month.A twelve; twelve B twelve; the twelfth C the twelfth; twelve D the twelfth; the twelfth5 Here are pictures
16、 of my school. The library is in the one.A second, two B two, second C two, two D second, second6 December is the month of the year.A twelfth B second C eleventh D eighth7 September is the month in a year.A seventh B nine C nineth D ninth8 There are twenty boys and thirty girls in our class.Oh, ther
17、e are students in all.A forty B fifty C sixty D seventy9 There are floors in our school building. My classroom is in the floor.A twelfth; twelves B twelve; twelfthC twelve; twelveth D twelve; twelfths10 There are 2 students in our school.A hundreds B hundreds of C hundred D hundred of11 Here are pic
18、tures. And in the picture, you can see two dogs.A fifth; five B five; five C fifth; fifth D five; fifth12 The girl is . Today is her birthday.A twelfth; twelfth B twelve; twelfth C twelfth; twelve D twelve; twelve13 Whats nine and twenty-one?Its .A twenty B twelve C thirty D thirteen14 Eric is . Tod
19、ay is his birthday.A thirteen; thirteenth B thirteenth; thirteenthC thirteen; thirteen D thirteenth; thirteen15 February is the month in a year (年).A first B second C third D fourth16 Whats twelve and eighteen?Its .A ten B twenty C thirty D forty17 On Monday I have five classes and the class is Chin
20、ese.A fourth B sixth C seventh D eighth18 There are months in a year and December is the month.A twelve; twelfth B twelfth; twelfth C twelve; twelve D twelfth; twelve19 There are people in the picture, and the one is me.A eight; third B eight; three C eighth; third D eighth; three20 Mrs Green has da
21、ughters and Amy is her daughter.A three; three B third; third C three; third D third; three21 Timmy is my aunts son, and he is years old now.A two; fifth B second; fifth C second; five D two; five22 Mr. Zheng has daughters and his daughter is a famous doctor.A second, two B two, second C three, thre
22、e D third, three23 Chinese people are trying their best to bring panda Yaya back to China safely.A 8 hundreds B Hundreds of C 8 hundred of D Hundred of24 Although I failed four times, my father encouraged me to have a try.A five B third C sixth D fifth25 There are about teachers in our school.A hund
23、reds of B hundreds C two hundred D two hundred of26 Huaian is a beautiful city. About people live in the city.A 5 millions B 5 million of C 5 millions of D 5 million27 How do you read 102,378?._A One hundred two thousand and three hundred seventy-eightB One hundred and two thousand three hundred and
24、 seventy-eight. C One hundred two thousand three hundred and seventy-eightD One hundred and two thousand and three hundred and seventy-eight28 How do you read the year 2017?._A Two zero one seven B Twenty seventeen C Thirty seventeen D Two zero seventeen29 How do you say “7:30” in English?._A Seven
25、three B Seven and thirty C Half past seven D Thirty seven30 Do you often do sports?Yes. I usually play football at in the afternoon.A twenty three B three past twenty C three past ten D three ten【KEY】1 forty-first 2 twelfth 3 ninth 4 thirtieth 5 third6 eighth 7 nineteenth/19th 8 thirteenth/13th 9 tw
26、enty 10 twenty-ninth11 twenty-second 12 sixtieth 13 nineteenth 14 millions 15 thirty-first16 fourteenth 17 nine 18 second 19 seventieth 20 first二、单项选择1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.B16.C 17.A 18.A 19.A 20.C 21.C 22.B 23.B 24.D 25.C 26.D 27.B 28.B 29.C 30.D课后提升课后精炼 提升
27、自我 一、用单词的正确形式填空1 （江苏盐城七年级统考）Lets go to the library (one), and then have lunch together.2 （江苏七年级期末）The one (hundred) visitor to the museum will get a nice present.3 （江苏七年级期末）There are many books on my desk and I like the (nine) best.4 （徐州七年级）Today is my daughters birthday and she gets many presents.
28、(twenty)5 （徐州七年级校考）The old lady lives on the (five) floor.6 （南京七年级统考期中）I live on the (eight) floor. To keep healthy, I walk upstairs.7 （无锡七年级校考阶段练习）Today is my sisters (twenty) birthday.8 Its my mothers (forty) birthday next Friday. I want to buy a present for her.9 （无锡七年级校考）Tomorrow is Grandpas (ni
29、nety) birthday, so he is excited.10 （盐城校联考）We will celebrate the birthday of the CCP in July this year. (hundred)11 （盐城七年级校考期末）The (nine) child needs to read the first paragraph.12 （泰州七年级校考）His aunt is (44) years old and she is a nurse in a hospital.13 （江苏盐城七年级统考）We practise football a week.（two）14
30、（江苏扬州七年级）I live on the floor of the tall building with my parents. (twelve)15 （泰州七年级泰州二中）Our class came (four) in the sports meeting last month.二、单项选择16 It is reported that the UK has about 68, 465, 000 people in May, 2022. The right way to read the number “68, 465, 000” is .A sixty-eight million fo
31、ur hundred and sixty-five thousandB sixty-eight million four hundred sixty-five thousandC sixty-eight million and four hundred and sixty-five thousand D sixty-eight millions four hundreds and sixty-five thousands17 （2023 下江苏七年级期末）Huaian is a beautiful city. About people live in the city.A 5 millions
32、 B 5 million of C 5 millions of D 5 million18 （2023 下江苏七年级期末） How do you read 102,378?._A One hundred two thousand and three hundred seventy-eightB One hundred and two thousand three hundred and seventy-eight. C One hundred two thousand three hundred and seventy-eightD One hundred and two thousand a
33、nd three hundred and seventy-eight19 （2023 下江苏淮安七年级校考阶段练习）There are books in the library.A two thousand and three hundred and sixty-five B two thousand three hundred and sixty-fiveC two thousands and three hundred and sixty-five D two thousands three hundred and sixty-five20 （淮安七年级校考）Football is so
34、exciting that people in the world play it.A two million of B two millions C million of D millions of21（2023 下江苏无锡七年级校考阶段练习） people were hurt (受伤) because of the earthquakein Turkey (土耳其地震), and children died.A Thousands of; a thousand of B Thousand; a thousand ofC Thousands of; a thousand D Thousand
35、; a thousand22（2023 下江苏扬州七年级校考阶段练习）There are students in the sports meeting. the students come from No.1 Middle School.A hundreds of; Two hundred of B hundred of; Two hundreds ofC one hundred; Hundred D one hundred; Hundreds of23 （2023 下江苏扬州七年级校考阶段练习）How do you say 4, 265 in English?Its .A four thou
36、sand two hundred and sixty five B four thousand and two hundred sixty fiveC four thousand two hundred and sixty-five D four thousand and two hundreds and sixty-five 24 （2023 下江苏连云港七年级校考阶段练习）Bob, can you read this number 320,057?Yes, I can. Its .A three hundred and twenty thousand, fifty-sevenB three hundred and twenty thousand and fifty-seven C three hundreds and twenty thousands, fifty-sevenD three hundred and twenty thousands, and fifty-seven26 （镇江七年级校联考）Please turn to page (页) and have a look at the picture on it.A the eightieth B eightieth C eighty D eighties26 （2022 下江苏连云港七年级统考期中）The
