1、 - 1 - 一、形容词的比较等级一、形容词的比较等级和最高等级和最高等级： （一）形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 规则变化： 1单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成 情况 构成方式 原级 比较级 最高级 一般情况 加-er 或-est new long newer longer newest longest 以 e 结尾的词 加-r 或-st fine late finer later finest latest 以“辅音+y” 结尾的词 变 y 为 i 再加-er 或-est early happy earlier happier earliest happiest 重读闭音节的词末
2、尾 只有一个辅音字母 先双写辅音字母，再加 -er 或-est hot thin fat hotter thinner fatter hottest thinnest fattest 2 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加 more 或 most。如： 原级 比较级 最高级 useful more useful most useful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious 【重点】 3形容词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化： 原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级 good / w
3、ell better best bad / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least old older （新旧或年龄） /elder （兄 弟姐妹的长幼关系） oldest/ eldest far farther（表示距离，译为“更 远”）/ further（表示程度，译 为“进一步的”） farthest/ furthest （二） 形容词比较级的用法 1形容词的比较级可以单独使用： Be more careful next time. 下次小心点。 Which book is better? 哪本书更好？ 2也可以和
4、than 连用，表示两者相比，than 后可以跟： a. 名词或代词： He is older than me / I . 他年龄比我大。 b. 动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比滑冰更刺激。 c. 从句： I was a better singer than he was. 我唱歌比他好。 （三） 形容词比较级的修饰语 - 2 - 修饰形容词,副词比较级的常用修饰词有:no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, rather, any
5、 等. 1) 只用于修饰比较级的： much;still;even 2) 既可以修饰比较级又可以修饰原级的：a little; a bit; rather 等 。 3) 在这些词中,其中 no 在修饰比较级时,在意义上否定两者,表示前者在某方面不比后者 强多少. He is no richer than Peter. 他不比彼得富裕多少.=He is as poor as Peter. 他和彼得一样穷.表示前者比后者强一点时,通常采用 a little,a bit 等. The room is a bit larger than that one.这个房间比那个稍大一点. 4) 表示前者比后者
6、强很多时,通常采用 much,even,still 等.(still 修饰形容词,副词的比较级 时,可以位于比较级之前或之后.) He works still harder than ever. =He works harder still than ever.他比以往更加努力学习了. 5) 表示前者在某方面远远地超过对方时,通常采用 far,by far,a lot,a great deal 等. Matters are a lot better than ever before. 情况远远比以往好. 6) 在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用 any 来修饰.
7、 He cant jump any higher. 他不能跳得更高了. Can he jump any higher? 他能跳得更高一些吗? Do you feel any better today? 你今天感觉好一点了吗？ If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.如果你能跳得更高些,我就奖励你. 7) 比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词： My sister is ten years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小十岁。 典型例题: 1） - Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now.
8、 A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better 答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite 修饰原级，well 的比较级为 better. 2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much 答案：C. much 可修饰比较级，因此 B，C 都说得通，但 easier 本身已是比较级， 不需 more，因此 C 为正确答案。 3）If there were no examinations, we
9、 should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案：D。 4）Your house is _ bigger than ours. A. Two time B. Second time C. Two times D.Second times 答案：D。 【难点】 （四）形容词比较级的特殊用法 - 3 - 1和 more 有关的词组 ： 1) the morethe more 越越就越就越。例如：。例如： The h
10、arder you work，the greater progress youll make. 越努力，进步越大。 2) no more than 与一样。例如： The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。 3） more than 超过，不只是。例如： There are more than two thousand people in the hall. 2和 less 有关的词组 1) less than 不到 不太： It was ready in less than a week. 2) no les
11、s than 多达 不少于 No less than 2 million people came. 至少来了 2 百万人。 3) more or less 基本上 大体上 大约 The work is more or less finished. 这项工作基本上完成了。 3同级比较：同级比较：as + 形容词或副词原级形容词或副词原级 + as 1) A be as.as B A 和 B 一样. 2) A be not so/asas B。 A 和 B 不一样，A 比不上 B He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。 3) 当 as as 中间有名词时采
12、用以下格式： as +形容词+ a +单数名词/； This is as good an example as the other is. 这个例子和另外一个一样好。 as + many/much +可数名词/不可数名词。 I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸，我也能。 3) 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在 as 的前面。例如： This room is twice as big as that one. =This room is two times as big as that one. =This room is two t
13、imes bigger than that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。 Your room is the same size as mine. 你的房间和我的一样大。 （五） 形容词最高级用法 1the + 最高级 + 比较范围 1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，例如： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙 漠。 说明说明 形容词 most 前面没有 the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常。例 如： It is a most important problem. =It is a very
14、important problem. 这是个很重要 的问题。 注意注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 （错） Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. （对） Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2） 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost。例如： This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 这帽子差不多是最大的了。 注意注意：序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如： Africa is the second larg
15、est continent.非洲是第二大洲。 3） 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如： - 4 - Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 或者： =Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class. （六）形容词最高级的特殊用法 1. 形容词最高级可用作表语，这时定冠词 the 可以省略。 例句：I think her plan is best. 我认为她的计划最好。 2.形容词最高级还可和 at 构成许多短语作状语，如 at best, at least, at
16、 most 等。 例句：Ill be with you at latest by ten. 我最迟十点钟就来陪你。 【基础练习】【基础练习】 ( C ) 1 Your room is _ than mine. A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times ( C ) 2 When spring comes, it gets_. A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and sho
17、rter ( C )3 _ he read the book, _ he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested ( A)4 I like_ one of the two books. A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older ( B ) 5 Which do you like _, tea or coffee?
18、A. well B. better C. best D. most ( D ) 6 This work is _ for me than for you. A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult ( C ) 7 Who jumped_of all? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far ( D ) 8 Li Lei is_ student in our class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the talle
19、st ( C ) 9 Tom is one of _ boys in our class. A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall ( B ) 10 English is one of_ spoken in the world. A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language ( D )12 Im not _ to lift the heavy box.
20、A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough ( C)13 Which is_, Li Lei or Wu Tong? A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest ( C )14 Do you have _ to tell us? A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything ( C) 15. Most of the people in Guangdong are g
21、etting _. A. more and rich B. more rich and more rich C. richer and richer D. rich and rich 二、副词的比较等级二、副词的比较等级和最高等级和最高等级： （一）概念：副词和形容词一样，也有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。其构成方式有 - 5 - 规则变化和不规则变化两种情况。规则变化的一般规律是：单音节词的比较级和 最高级在词尾加-er或-est; 多音节词以及-ly结尾的副词 （early除外） ， 前面加 more 或 most.。不规则的变化式只能采用“各个击破”的办法去记忆。 1）规则变化 原级 比
22、较级 最高级 soon loud fast wide early happily carefully sooner louder faster wider earlier more happily more carefully soonest loudest fastest widest earliest most happily most carefully 2）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 well badly little much far better worse less more farther（距离距离） further（程度程度） best worst least most
23、 farthest furthest （二）副词的比较级的用法 1、单独使用： Try to do better next time. 下次争取干好一点。 Hell come back sooner or later. 他迟早会回来的。 Please speak more slowly. 请讲慢一点。 2、和 than 一起使用： He swims better than I do. 他游泳游得比我好。 Can you do any better than that? 你能不能干的好一些？ He arrived earlier than usual. 他到的比平时早。 3、比较级前可有状语修饰
24、： You must work much faster. 你必须大大加快干活的速度。 Can you come over a bit more quickly? 你能稍稍快点来吗？ 4. asas 和 not soas 结构 这两个结构也可结合副词使用： 1） asas 可用在肯定句中，表示 “像一样”，后面的副词要用原级： She can run as fast as a deer. 她能跑的像鹿一样快。 2）在否定句中，asas 和 soas 都可以用： I dont go there as much as I used. 我现在到那里不像过去那么多了。 I didnt do as(so)
25、 well as I should. 我做的不如我应做的那么好。 3）这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语： She can read twice as fast as he does. 她阅读的速度比他快一倍。 （三）副词最高级的用法：副词最高级可修饰动词，前面多数不带定冠词 the: He laughs best who laughs last. (谚语) 谁笑在最后谁笑的最好。 Of the four of us, I sang (the) worst. 我们四人中我唱的最差。 - 6 - （四）副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法：副词比较级和最高级还可用在一些特别结 构或短语中。 1）m
26、ore and more 越来越: It rained more and more heavily. 雨下得越来越大了。 She went farther and farther away. 她越走越远了。 2）the morethe more 越，越： The more I work, the more I accomplish. 我干得越多，完成的就越多。 3）had better (not) do sth 最好(不要)做某事： Wed better not disturb him. 我们最好不要打扰他。 What had we better do? 我们最好怎么办？ 三、三、基础知识练习
27、基础知识练习 （一）.单项选择题。 1.Im shortsighted and I cant see the words on the notice board _. A, clear B, clearly C, carefully D, good 2.Jean works hard but she doesnt work _ Mary. A, as harder than B, as hard than C, as harder as D, as hard as 3.This is _ book in our library. A, the most interesting B, most
28、interesting C, the more interesting D, more interesting 4.Do you think maths is _ important than English? A, very B, as C, more D, quite 5.They got a Christmas tree and it was _ ours. A, so tall as B, so taller as C, as tall as D, as taller as 6.Tom failed in the exam. He looked _. A, happy B, sadly
29、 C, upset D, lovely 7.A taxi doesnt run as _ as an underground train. A, fast B, faster C, fastest D, more fast 8.Yangpu Bridge is one of _ in the world. A, bigger bridge B, the biggest bridge C, the biggest bridges D, bigger bridges 9.”Ive got an A for my history,” Judy said _. A, sadly B, sad C, h
30、appily D, happy 10.I think the song in the film “Titanic” is _ one of all the movie songs. A, the most beautiful B, most beautiful C, a beautiful D, much more beautiful 11.The little baby looks _. A, lovely B, carefully C, heavily D, sadly 12.Her cousin can draw _ an artist. A, as well as B, not so
31、well as C, as better as D, as good as 13.Jinmao Tower is _ building in Shanghai. A, high B, tall C, highest D, the tallest 14.30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but its _ than we need. A, far more B, very much C, far less D, very little - 7 - 15.Mr Smith thought the Century Park was the seco
32、nd _ in Shanghai. A, large B, larger C, largest D, very large 16.I think Yao Ming, the famous basketball player, will be _ new star in NBA. A, hot B, hotter C, hottest D, the hottest 17.Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us _ time to go to Pudong International Airpor
33、t. A, a few B, fewer C, a little D, less 18.A: What delicious cakes! B: They would taste _ with butter. A, good B, better C, bad D, worse 19.Among all the teachersin this school, Miss Tao is one of _. A, young B, younger C, the youngest D, the most young 20.Thanks to Mrs Lin! With her help, we finis
34、hed our work an hour _. A, late B, later C, early D, earlier 21.The light music sounded very _. I enjoyed every minute of it. A, well B, beautiful C, wonderfully D, boring 22.A: In our English study reading is more important than speaking, I think. B: I dont agree. Speaking is _ reading. A, as impor
35、tant B, so important as C, the most important D, the same as 23.A: Mum, the Chinese medicine tastes so _. I dont want to take it. B: But, dear, it is good for you. A, good B, terribly C, terrible D, well 24.Where is todays newspaper? Is there _ in todays newspaper? A, important something B, somethin
36、g important C, important anything D, anything important 25.Simon looks _ today and smiles _ all the time. A, happy, happy B, happily, happily C, happy, happily D, happily, happy 26.Its _ to send an e-mail than a regular mail. A, much more quickly B, quick C, more quickly D, much quicker 27.The price
37、 of these dictionaries is _ than before. A, much cheaper B, more expensive C, much higher D, more higher 28.Bob has _ to tell you. A, something important B, anything important C, important something D, important nothing 29.She is looking _ at her lovely son. A, happy B, happily C, happiness D, happi
38、er 30.The old soldier lived all by himself. Even though he was _, he was not _ at all. A, alone, lonely B, alone, alone C, lonely, alone D, lonely, lonely （二）词性变换。 1.On hearing the great news that Beijing has won the birds of 2008 Olympic Games, The - 8 - crowds at Tian An Men Square began to cheer
39、_. (excite) 2.Never give your name, address, telephone number, e-mail address or pictures to a _ in online chat. (strange) 3.I havent seen you for a long time. You look much _ (health) 4.Mum has bought a lot of _ food from the supermarket nearby. (freeze) 5.I wont do business with such a(n) _ man. (
40、honest) 6.The man was still _ when he was sent to the hospital. (life) 7.He went to Canada several years ago. Now he is a _ citizen. (Canada) 8.Drinking too much fruit juice can be _ to childrens teeth. (harm) 9.We have very _ weather here, especially in the winter. (change) 10.The test was so diffi
41、cult that half of the class made _ marks than usual. (bad) 11.A lot of young students from different countries go to France for their _ study. (far) 12.We should save _ expenses. (necessary) 13.Some parents choose _ presents for their children. (education) 14.In addition, E-mail can provide (提供) inf
42、ormation _. (automatic) 15.Travelling by train is much cheaper and far more _ than a trip by air. (enjoy) B 卷答案：卷答案： 选择填空：110 BDACC CACCA 11-20 AADCC DDBCB 21-30 BACDC DCABA 词性变换： 16.excitedly 17.stranger 18.healthier 19.frozen 20.dishonest 21.alive 22.Canadian 23.harmful 24.changeable 25.worse 26.f
43、urther 27.unnecessary 28.educational 29. automatically 30.enjoyable 【巩固练习】 （一）.单项选择题。 1.The turcky tastes _ the chicken. A, as better as B, much better than C, as well as D, the best to 2.I like Chinese because it sounds _. A, wonder B, wondering C, wonderful D, wonderfully 3.E-mailing is much _ tha
44、n long distance calling. A, cheap B, cheaper C, cheapest D, the cheapest 4.Your advice sounds _. Well all take your advice. A, well B, carefully C, wonderful D, correctly 5.Nick didnt do very _ in the final exam, but his scores are _ than last years A, good, better B, bad, worse C, well, worse D, we
45、ll, better - 9 - 6.The sand-storm from the north yesterday seemed to become _ in recent years. A, bad B, badly C, the worse D, worse 7.The leading actor felt _ when he saw a lot of people cheering him. A, happy B, happily C, angrily D, lovely 8.If you decide on the date to leave Shanghai, please tel
46、l me _ possible. A, as fast as B, as quickly as C, as swiftly as D, as soon as 9.The price of the flats in the housing estates (住宅区) located in the center of Shanghai must be very _. A, big B, huge C, high D, expensive 10.People prefer to send e-mail than to post letters because e-mail are much _ than letters. A, fast and convenient B, faster and convenient C, fast and more convenient
