1、 Unit2 Onwards and Upwards Pre-reading Look at the pictures. Do you know her? Helen Keller While- reading Read the passage and do the following exercises. 1. Choose the authors purpose. 2. Answer the questions. 3. Try to summarize the structure. Choose the authors purpose in writing the passage and
2、give your reasons. 1. To help readers understand what it is like to be blind. 2. To make readers without disabilities appreciate what they have. 3. To persuade readers to care about the blind. Read the passage and answer the questions. 1. What are the main wishes of the author? 2. What would the aut
3、hor do if she could see? 3. What hints did the author give us? 4. What qualities do both reading passages in this unit convey? On the first day.; On the second day.; The following. Use.as if.; Hear.as if.; Touch.as if.; Smell.as if. The author would like to be able to see for three days. Face diffic
4、ulties and setbacks in life with a positive attitude and never give up. Conclusion Introduction Body Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Structure Read the passage again and draw a mind map to show the structure of the passage. P1-3 P4-7 P8 phrases 1. 遭受失明遭受失明 2. 时不时时不时 3. 尤其、特别尤其、特别 4. 值得值得.的的 5. 值得做某事值得做某事 6. 探究探究.
5、 7. 在剧院在剧院 8. 迎接黎明迎接黎明 9. 急切去做急切去做. 10. 降临在降临在.上上 11. 被应用于被应用于 12. 确信确信. be striken blind (deaf) now and then in particular worthy of. (be) worth doing sth. probe into at a theater greet the dawn (be) anxious to do sth. descend upon . be applied to. be sure that. 1.我常常思忖，如果每个人在青年时期都有一段时间看不见、听不我常常思忖，
6、如果每个人在青年时期都有一段时间看不见、听不 见，那会是一件幸运的事情见，那会是一件幸运的事情。 2.我想象过，如果我能被恩赐恢复视觉，哪怕只有三天，我最希望我想象过，如果我能被恩赐恢复视觉，哪怕只有三天，我最希望 看到什么看到什么。 3.第一天，我想见几个人，他们用善良、温柔和陪伴让我觉得我有第一天，我想见几个人，他们用善良、温柔和陪伴让我觉得我有 活下去的意义。活下去的意义。 4.第三天清晨，我将再次迎接黎明，热切地去探索更多愉悦，发现第三天清晨，我将再次迎接黎明，热切地去探索更多愉悦，发现 更多美好。更多美好。 5.唯有在黑暗再次来袭时，我才意识到我还有那么多事情没有看到唯有在黑暗再次来
7、袭时，我才意识到我还有那么多事情没有看到。 6.要像明天就要惨遭失明之痛一样去使用你的眼睛。要像明天就要惨遭失明之痛一样去使用你的眼睛。 7.同样的方法也能用于其他感官同样的方法也能用于其他感官。 8.在所有的感觉中，我相信，视觉一定是最令人愉快的。在所有的感觉中，我相信，视觉一定是最令人愉快的。 After-reading Language points if 引导的虚拟语气引导的虚拟语气 appreciate v. 欣赏、赞赏欣赏、赞赏 I would appreciate it if you could do. what they see/what they did what引导的宾语从
8、句引导的宾语从句 什么是宾语从句？引导词？什么是宾语从句？引导词？ in particular 尤其、特别尤其、特别 particularly 宾语从句 1. 定义：在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫作宾语从句。宾语从句包括动 词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 2. 引导主语从句的有从属连词that, whether，if等。连接代词 what,which, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等和连 接副词when, where, why, how等。 3. that, if, whether引导宾语从句，不充当任何成分，that可省略。
9、if/whether意为“是否”，不可省略。 Many people believe (that) robots will do most of our work. Nobody knows whether/if he likes this birthday present. She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library. 4. 只用whether不用if的情况 引导介词后的宾语从句 It depends on whether it will snow tommorrow. 与or not 连用 I want to k
10、now whether its good news or not. 与不定式连用 I cant decide whether to stay. 宾语从句前置，置于句首时 Whether they can finish the work on time, we dont know. 5. 连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句时，通常有实际意义，不可以 省略。连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分；连接 副词作状语。 She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. I will take whatever she gives m
11、e. Do you know when the ancient games began? My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to where I live. Joe wanted to know who bought him the gift. Whether we can succeed dependson how well we cooperate. I couldt follow what the teacher said. worthy 值得尊敬的，值得赞赏的值得尊敬的，值得赞赏的 worth/worthwhile be worth
12、y of +n. 值得值得.的的 be worthy to do 值得被值得被. be worth+钱数钱数 .值多少钱值多少钱 be worth doing sth.值得做值得做. .be worthwhile.是值得的是值得的 It is worthwhile to do/doing. 做做.是值得的是值得的 reveal v. 展现、揭示、揭露展现、揭示、揭露 revelation n. 展现、展示展现、展示 if引导的虚拟语气，与现在引导的虚拟语气，与现在 事实相反事实相反 怎么区别 1.The book is _20 yuan.(值) 2.The place is worth_(值得
13、访问). 3.The news is (well)worth_ (注意). 4.The quention is worthy_(考虑). The place is worthy of_ (访问) The place is worthy _(访问) _(访问这座城市) is worthwhile. _(访问这座城市) is worthwhile. It is worthwhile to visit the city. It is worthwhile visiting the city. 【要点归纳】【要点归纳】虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法小结虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法小结: 时态倒退原则
14、时态倒退原则 情况情况 从句谓语动词从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词主句谓语动词 表示与现在事实相反 did were would/should/could/ might+动词原形 表示与过去事实相反 had done would/should/could/ might have done 表示与将来事实相反 did（be用were) were to do sth. should do sth. would/should/could/ might+动词原形 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气与现在事实相反的虚拟语气 1. 如果我现在有时间，我就去巴黎旅游。如果我现在有时间，我就去巴黎旅游。 If I had
15、time, I would travel to Paris. 2. 如果我是你，我就会去帮助他如果我是你，我就会去帮助他. If I were you, I would help him. 3. 如果我有足够的钱，我就会买一本英语参考书。如果我有足够的钱，我就会买一本英语参考书。 If I had enough money, I would buy an English reference book. 4. 如果我是一只鸟，我就能够在天空中自由地飞翔了。如果我是一只鸟，我就能够在天空中自由地飞翔了。 If I were a bird, I could fly in the sky freely
16、. 从从did/were; 主主could/would/should/might do sth. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气与过去事实相反的虚拟语气 1. 如果你刚才认真听了，你或许已经知道发生什么事了。如果你刚才认真听了，你或许已经知道发生什么事了。 If you had listened carefully, you might have known what was going on. 2. 要是昨晚下雨的话，地面本应是湿的了。要是昨晚下雨的话，地面本应是湿的了。 If it had rained last night, the ground should have been wet. 3
17、. 如果当时你听我的建议，你就会好多了。如果当时你听我的建议，你就会好多了。 If you had taken my advice, you would have been better now. 4. 假若我昨天对他说了，我本应知道该做什么了。假若我昨天对他说了，我本应知道该做什么了。 If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should have known what to do now. 从从had done; 主主could/would/should/might have done 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气与将来事实相反的虚拟语气 1. 如果你将来成功了
18、，一切都会好起来的。如果你将来成功了，一切都会好起来的。 If you succeeded in the future, everything would be all right. 2. 要是你父亲知道了，他会生气的。要是你父亲知道了，他会生气的。 If your father knew this, he would be angry. 3. 即使太阳从西边出，我对你的爱也不会变。即使太阳从西边出，我对你的爱也不会变。 If the sun were to rise in the west，my love for you would not change. 从从did/were/were t
19、o do/should do; 主主could/would/should/might do sth. with的复合结构，的复合结构，with +n. + done worth doing sth. whose引导的定语从句，作定语，引导的定语从句，作定语，.的的 get sth. done 请人做请人做. which引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句 使使.陶醉于陶醉于 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 1. which 既可以指代先行词，也可以指代整个句子。既可以指代先行词，也可以指代整个句子。 Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds fo
20、r the poor children, _ is quite unexpected. 2. that不能引导定语从句不能引导定语从句 It is a truly delightful place, that looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago. 3. 已成为固定用法：已成为固定用法：as is known to all , as is often the case, as has been pointed out, as often happens, as. The number of smokers, _ is reporte
21、d, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 4. 指代物指代物of +which, 人人of +whom I had made many friends, two of _ are still my best friends today. which which as whom 用合适的词填空用合适的词填空 1. （2016全国卷全国卷III）Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _ lived from roughly 551 to 479B.C., influ
22、enced the development fo chopsticks. 2. （2015全国卷全国卷I）I d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings. 3. （2014全国卷全国卷I）Maybe you have a habit_ is driving your family crazy.
23、 4. （2014广东）广东）The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _ we watched some people play volleyball. who which which where 1. 公寓离校园很近，这让我在公寓离校园很近，这让我在30分钟内骑车到学校成为可能。分钟内骑车到学校成为可能。 The apartment is near the campus, which makes it possible for me to go to school by bike within 30 minutes. 2. 我们参观了
24、城市博物馆和一些名胜古迹，这让我对英国的我们参观了城市博物馆和一些名胜古迹，这让我对英国的 社会、文化和历史由来更好的理解。社会、文化和历史由来更好的理解。 We visited the city museum and some places of interest, which made me have a better understanding of the English society, culture and history. which用于作文用于作文 with的复合结构，的复合结构，with +n. + done get sth. done 请人做请人做. 探究探究 在剧院、在
25、电影院在剧院、在电影院 n. 展现、展示展现、展示 reveal n. 人们常去的地方人们常去的地方 部分倒装句部分倒装句 as if 引导的虚拟语气引导的虚拟语气 be sure that . delighted 部分倒装句部分倒装句 如果把助动词或情态动词放于主语之前，称为部分倒装句。如果把助动词或情态动词放于主语之前，称为部分倒装句。 1). So/Neither/Nor+助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词/be+主语主语 表示一种情况适用于两者或一者同时具备两种情况。表示一种情况适用于两者或一者同时具备两种情况。 He is a teacher. So am I . She can swi
26、m. So can I. I loved this movie and so did all my friends. 2) 表示否定意义的词如：表示否定意义的词如：not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way等句首时等句首时 在通常情况下，当表示否定意义的副词（如在通常情况下，当表示否定意义的副词（如hardly, never, seldom, little, rarely等）被置于句首时，其后的
27、句子用部分倒装的形式（与等）被置于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装的形式（与 一般疑问句形式相同）。如：一般疑问句形式相同）。如： Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 他刚到她就抱怨起来。他刚到她就抱怨起来。 Little do they know about her alternative career. 他们对她的另一个职业一无所知。他们对她的另一个职业一无所知。 Never before had he seen so many people starving. 以前他从未见过这么多人挨饿。以前他从未见过这么多人挨饿。 Rar
28、ely have I seen such a beautiful sunset. 我很少见到这样美丽的日落。我很少见到这样美丽的日落。 Seldom do we hear such fine singing from school choirs. 我们很少能听到学校的合唱团有如此好的歌唱了。我们很少能听到学校的合唱团有如此好的歌唱了。 He hardly spoke a word. =Hardly did he speak a word. 3. 当当only+状语置于句首且修饰副词、介词短语或状语时：状语置于句首且修饰副词、介词短语或状语时： Only when Lily walked int
29、o the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home. Only in this way can we solve the problem. 4. asthough 引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句 Try as she might , Sue couldnt get the door open. Unsatisfied though he was with the payment, he took the job. 尽管他是一个小孩子，但是他懂得很多。尽管他是一个小孩子，但是他懂得很多。 Child as
30、he is, he knows a lot. (无冠词无冠词)名词名词/形容词形容词/动词动词+as+主语主语+谓语谓语. 写作中的倒装句写作中的倒装句 1. 只有用这种方式我们才能开心地、有效率地学习。只有用这种方式我们才能开心地、有效率地学习。 Only in this way can we study happily and effectively. 2. We can help to construct an energy-saving society only with joint efforts. Only with joint efforts can we help to con
31、struct an energy- saving society. 3. The children can grow up mentally and physically healthy only in this way. Only in this way can the children grow up mentally and physically healthy. 课本原句：课本原句：Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind. And the same method can be applied to the oth
32、er senses. Hear the music of voices, the song of a bird, the mighty strains of an orchestra, as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow. Touch each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense would fail. Smell the perfume of flowers, taste with relish each morsel, as if tomorrow you co
33、uld never smell and taste again. 要像明天就要惨遭失明之痛一样去使用你的眼睛。同样的方法也能用于其他要像明天就要惨遭失明之痛一样去使用你的眼睛。同样的方法也能用于其他 感官：要像明天就要惨遭失聪之痛一样，去仔细聆听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的感官：要像明天就要惨遭失聪之痛一样，去仔细聆听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的 歌唱、交响乐的震撼音符；要像明天就会触觉衰退一样，去触摸你想摸的歌唱、交响乐的震撼音符；要像明天就会触觉衰退一样，去触摸你想摸的 每件物品；要像明天就会丧失嗅觉和味觉一样，去闻鲜花的芬香，品尝美每件物品；要像明天就会丧失嗅觉和味觉一样，去闻鲜花的芬香，品尝美 味佳肴。味
34、佳肴。 eg. It sounds as if it is raining. It sounds as if it were raining. She likes the boy as if he were her son. as if (与事实相近与事实相近) (与事实相反与事实相反) 【要点归纳】【要点归纳】as if从句虚拟语气用法小结从句虚拟语气用法小结: 谓语动词谓语动词 表示与现在事实相反表示与现在事实相反 用一般过去时用一般过去时, be动词常用动词常用were 表示与过去事实相反表示与过去事实相反 用过去完成时用过去完成时had done 表示与将来事实相反表示与将来事实相反
35、用用would/could/might+动词原形动词原形 时态倒退原则时态倒退原则 【语境运用】【语境运用】 1) She talks about Rome _. 她说起罗马就像她亲自到过那里一样。她说起罗马就像她亲自到过那里一样。 2He acts _. 他做事像个傻子。他做事像个傻子。 3) He opened his mouth _. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。他张开嘴好像要说什么。 as if he would say something as if he were a fool as if she had been there herself Three Days to See 课文翻译
36、课文翻译 我常常思忖我常常思忖，如果每个人在青年时期都有一段时间看不如果每个人在青年时期都有一段时间看不 见见、听不见听不见，那会是一件幸运的事情那会是一件幸运的事情，因为黑暗会使人更因为黑暗会使人更 加珍惜视力加珍惜视力，静默能教会人享受声音的美妙静默能教会人享受声音的美妙。 我时常询问我那些看得见的朋友们我时常询问我那些看得见的朋友们，想了解他们看到了想了解他们看到了 什么什么。最近最近，我问一个从林子里散步了许久回来的朋友观我问一个从林子里散步了许久回来的朋友观 察到了什么察到了什么，她答道：她答道：“没什么特别的没什么特别的。” 我问自己我问自己，在林子里散步一小时之久却没有看到任何值
37、在林子里散步一小时之久却没有看到任何值 得注意的东西得注意的东西，这怎么可能呢这怎么可能呢？我一个看不见的人我一个看不见的人，仅仅仅仅 通过触觉通过触觉，就能发现成百上千件引起我兴趣的东西就能发现成百上千件引起我兴趣的东西。如果如果 仅仅通过触觉就能得到如此多的快乐仅仅通过触觉就能得到如此多的快乐，那么视觉能展现多那么视觉能展现多 少美好的事物啊少美好的事物啊。我想象过我想象过，如果我能被恩赐恢复视觉如果我能被恩赐恢复视觉， 哪怕只有三天哪怕只有三天，我最希望看到什么我最希望看到什么。 第一天第一天，我想见几个人我想见几个人，他们用善良他们用善良、温柔和陪伴让我觉得我温柔和陪伴让我觉得我 有活
38、下去的意义有活下去的意义。我不知道通过我不知道通过“心灵的窗户心灵的窗户”眼睛来了解眼睛来了解 一个朋友是怎样一种体验一个朋友是怎样一种体验。因为我只能通过我的指尖因为我只能通过我的指尖“看见看见”朋朋 友的面部轮廓友的面部轮廓。我还要看书我还要看书，那些别人读给我的书那些别人读给我的书，那些为我揭那些为我揭 示了人生和人类精神的深刻奥秘的书示了人生和人类精神的深刻奥秘的书。到了下午到了下午，我要在树林中我要在树林中 散步散步，让我的目光陶醉在大自然世界的美景中让我的目光陶醉在大自然世界的美景中。这个夜晚这个夜晚，我夜我夜 不能寐不能寐。 第二天第二天，我想看人类发展的奇观我想看人类发展的奇观
39、，我要去博物馆我要去博物馆。我要通过人我要通过人 类的艺术探究人类的灵魂类的艺术探究人类的灵魂。那些之前通过触摸知晓的事物那些之前通过触摸知晓的事物，我现我现 在要亲眼看一看在要亲眼看一看。而这一天的傍晚而这一天的傍晚， 我要在剧院或电影院度过我要在剧院或电影院度过。 第三天清晨第三天清晨，我将再次迎接黎明我将再次迎接黎明，热切地去探索更多愉悦热切地去探索更多愉悦，发发 现更多美好现更多美好。这天我将在平凡的世界里度过这天我将在平凡的世界里度过，在为生活奔波的人在为生活奔波的人 们常去的地方度过们常去的地方度过。 午夜午夜，永恒的黑暗将再次把我笼罩永恒的黑暗将再次把我笼罩。唯有在黑暗再次唯有在
40、黑暗再次 来袭时来袭时，我才意识到我还有那么多事情没有看到我才意识到我还有那么多事情没有看到。 我我，一个盲人一个盲人，可以给那些看得见的人一个忠告：要可以给那些看得见的人一个忠告：要 像明天就要惨遭失明之痛一样去使用你的眼睛像明天就要惨遭失明之痛一样去使用你的眼睛。同样的同样的 方法也能用于其他感官：要像明天就要惨遭失聪之痛一方法也能用于其他感官：要像明天就要惨遭失聪之痛一 样样，去仔细聆听音乐的旋律去仔细聆听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的歌唱鸟儿的歌唱、交响乐的震交响乐的震 撼音符；要像明天就会触觉衰退一样撼音符；要像明天就会触觉衰退一样，去触摸你想摸的去触摸你想摸的 每件物品；要像明天就会丧失嗅觉和味觉一样每件物品；要像明天就会丧失嗅觉和味觉一样，去闻鲜去闻鲜 花的芬香花的芬香，品尝美味佳肴品尝美味佳肴。但是但是，在所有的感觉中在所有的感觉中，我我 相信相信，视觉一定是最令人愉快的视觉一定是最令人愉快的。 1. 1.掌握课文重点内容掌握课文重点内容 . . 2. 2. 做阅读题做阅读题. .
