1、Unit 4 Natural Disasters Grammar The Restrictive relative clausesThe Restrictive relative clauses 一、定义与认识一、定义与认识 1. 将下列两组简单句合并成含有定语从句的复合句。将下列两组简单句合并成含有定语从句的复合句。 1) They planted the trees. The trees didnt need much water. 2) I have a friend. Her father is an engineer. They planted the trees which did
2、nt need much water. 先行词先行词 关系代词关系代词 2. 定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句 叫做定语从句。（叫做定语从句。（P110） I have a friend whose father is an engineer. 先行词先行词 关系代词关系代词 3. 翻译下列句子并指出含有的定语从句。翻译下列句子并指出含有的定语从句。 1) He is a man who survived from an earthquake. 2) He is a man whose family all died in an . 3) He is
3、 a man that I want to visit. 4) His house, which was ruined in an earthquake, was the largest in the village. who survived from an earthquake whose family all died in an that I want to visit. which was ruined in an earthquake 先行词是先行词是man， 关系代词有关系代词有who, whose, that 先行词是先行词是house， 关系代词关系代词which. 4. 定
4、语从句与先行词之间有逗号，该部分去掉了也不定语从句与先行词之间有逗号，该部分去掉了也不 影响整个句子的意思，这样的定语从句称为影响整个句子的意思，这样的定语从句称为非限制性非限制性 定语从句定语从句。(如上面第四个句子如上面第四个句子) 二、关系代词二、关系代词 关系代词关系代词 指代指代 作用作用 例句例句 that which who (whom) whose 人或物人或物 主语或主语或 宾语宾语 物物 主语或主语或 宾语宾语 主语或主语或 宾语宾语 定语定语 人人 人或物人或物 P 110 判 断 从 句 缺 什 么 成 分 来 判 断 从 句 缺 什 么 成 分 来 决 定 用 什 么
5、 关 系 代 词 决 定 用 什 么 关 系 代 词 如何选择恰当的关系代词？如何选择恰当的关系代词？ 1. The earthquake_ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history. 从句从句hit the city in 1906缺主语，又因先行词缺主语，又因先行词earthquake 是物，填是物，填that/which. that/which 从句从句mother is a math teacher缺定语，选关系代词缺定语，选关系代词whose； 2. Harry is my classmate_ mother i
6、s a math teacher. whose 三、例题展示三、例题展示 从句从句 I got to know five years ago缺宾语，缺宾语， 又因又因classmate是人，选关系代词是人，选关系代词that/who/whom； 3. Lisa is my classmate_ I got to know five years ago . that/who/whom 练习见练习见 ExX.1.2 on P 52 1、在下列情况下、在下列情况下, 一般用一般用that不用不用which。（表物时）。（表物时） I am sure she has something that yo
7、u can borrow. Ive read all the books that I borrowed. This is the first book that he has read. This is the very book that I want to borrow. (1) 先行词为先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。 (2)先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修饰时。修饰时。 (3)先行词被序数词或
8、最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 (4)先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰时。 四、重要知识四、重要知识 I dont know the hospital and the doctors that you mentioned just now. (5)先行词既含有人又含有物时。先行词既含有人又含有物时。 2、在下列情况下、在下列情况下, 一般用一般用which不用不用that 。 Tom is from America, which is a developed country. Guilin is a city
9、 that/ which I want to pay a visit to. (1) 引导非限制性定语从句时引导非限制性定语从句时(有逗号有逗号)。 (2)介词提前时。介词提前时。 Guilin is a city to which I want to pay a visit. who在从句中作主语和宾语在从句中作主语和宾语，whom 只作只作 宾语，介词提前只能用宾语，介词提前只能用whom 。 1) The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. 2) The boy who /that/whom I want
10、to make friends with is called Michael. 3、who和和whom的用法。的用法。 （主语）（主语） （宾语）（宾语） 3) The boy with whom I want to make friends is called Michael. （介词提前用宾格）（介词提前用宾格） whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物。在从句中作定语，指人或物。 通常可以改为另外两种形式。通常可以改为另外两种形式。 1) Miss Li is the teacher whose daughter is my classmate. 4、whose的用法。的用法。 2) I l
11、ike this house whose windows are all white. 3) Have you read the book whose cover(封面封面) is red？ 4) I want to help the boy whose leg was broken. I like this house of which the windows are all white. I like this house the windows of which are all white. 注意：在定语从句中，注意：在定语从句中， whose+n=the +n. of which/wh
12、om, 或者或者whose+n=of which /whom the +n. 2) I like this house whose windows are all white. 五、习题精选五、习题精选 1. This is the factory _ I visited last week. 2. This is the very factory _ I want to visit all the way. 3. He is our math teacher _ son is a pupil. 4. He is our math teacher _ is very strict with u
13、s. 5. He is our math teacher to _ I never talk. (一一) 用恰当的关系代词填空。用恰当的关系代词填空。 that / which that whose that / who whom 1.He is a man _ his behavior. 他是一个他是一个不重视不重视自己行为的人。自己行为的人。 2. We want to rebuild the houses _ . 我们想重建目前我们想重建目前正在废墟中正在废墟中的房子。的房子。 3. I try my best to _ something _. 我努力地想我努力地想挖出曾被埋住挖出曾被
14、埋住的东西。的东西。 4.林先生是我唯一林先生是我唯一送去邀请信的送去邀请信的男人。男人。 1. Mr. Lin is the only man _ _. Mr. Lin is the only man to _ _. that/who thinks little of that/ which lie in ruins now dig out that has been buried. that I sent a letter of invitation to (二二) 根据中文意思造定语从句。根据中文意思造定语从句。 whom I sent a letter of invitation HomeworkHomework Exercise: 辅导辅导 资料资料 P90 Exx.1. 2.
