1、Book1 Unit4 导学案导学案 Words and phrases: 1. Affect vt.影响;疾病侵袭;深深打动影响;疾病侵袭;深深打动 n. affection 喜爱;感情;影响;感染 have an affection for 喜爱. adj. affecting 动人的;感人的 adj. affected 受到影响的;做作的;假装的 (the affected area 被感染区;被影响的地区) affect sb greatly 对某人影响很大 【对比记忆】【对比记忆】effect v.引起,使引起,使.产生产生 n.影响,效果,作用(常考名词意义)影响,效果,作用(常考
2、名词意义) have an effect on. 对.有影响 side effect 副作用 come into effect 生效;开始实施(主语是政策,条款,法律等) eg. New laws will come into effect next month. bring/put sth. into effect 使.生效;实行;实施(主语是人) eg. We must put this policy into effect strictly. 【练习练习】 1) Apparently, blindly following others advice will_ _ (affection)
3、 our own judgement. 显然,盲目地听从别人的建议会影响我们自己的 2) Family environment _ _ _ _ the shaping of childrens characters. 家庭环境对 儿童性格的形成有影响。 2. effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力努力;艰难的尝试;尽力 . make an effort to do sth.= make efforts to do sth 尽力做某事 . spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力干某事 . make every effort to do sth.尽一切努力干某事 . wi
4、th effort 费力地 eg.He finished the race with effort. . without effort 毫不费力 eg.He solved the problem without effort. . effortless adj.不费力气的,应付自如的 【练习练习】 Family environment _ _ _ _ the shaping of childrens characters. 家庭环境对儿童性格的形成有影响。 对 比 3. Suffer vt.遭受;蒙受遭受;蒙受 . suffer pain 遭受痛苦 . suffer loss 遭受损失 . s
5、uffer hunger 挨饿 . suffer defeat 遭受失败 . suffer shame 蒙羞 . suffer misfortune 遭受不幸 vi.(因痛苦,疾病,悲伤等)受苦(因痛苦,疾病,悲伤等)受苦 . suffer from a bad back 背疼 . suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒 . suffer from a headache 头疼 . suffer from a toothache 牙疼 suffering n.痛苦;苦难痛苦;苦难 sufferer n.受难者;受害者;患者受难者;受害者;患者 【练习【练习】 Hes _ _ se
6、vere mental disorder .他患有严重的精神病。 4. Calm adj. 镇静的;沉着的镇静的;沉着的 keep/stay/remain calm 保持镇静 v. 使平静;使镇静使平静;使镇静 calmdown(使)平静下来, (使)镇静下来 【练习练习】 I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly_ _ _ _ . 我把小鸟放进窝里,它很快就安静下来了。 【词语辨析】【词语辨析】 :calm, still, quiet, silent (1) calm 表示人在危机情形中保持镇静; (2) still 表示站、坐、躺的姿势静
7、止不动; (3) quiet 表示人的外表安静或性情稳定; (4) silent 表示没有声音,沉默,不讲话 【一言辨异】【一言辨异】 In the face of danger, yu must keep calm; when you have a photo taken, you should stay still; while someone else is asleep, you ought to remain quiet;in class you cant be silent about the teachers questions.面对危险时,你必须保持冷静; 当你拍照时,你应该保
8、持不动;当其他人睡着时,你应该保持安静;在课堂上, 你不能对老师的问题保持沉迷。 5. Strike vi.若与事实相反,应 使用虚拟语气。 对现在情况的虚拟:用般过去时:对过去情况的虚拟:用过去完成时;对将来情况的虚拟:谓语 用“would/could/might/should+动词原形”。 He looked at me as if I were mad. 他看着我仿佛我疯了似的。 He behaved as if nothing had happened. 他表现得若无其事。 (3) as if 从句的省略形式:当从句主语与主句主语一-致或从句主语是 it,从句谓语中又含有 be 动词时
9、,从句中主语和 be 动词可省略。 【练习【练习】 1) I told my father how Mrs.Stanley talked as if/as though Mr. Stanley were stillalive. 我告诉父亲斯坦利太太说话的口气好像斯坦利先生还活着。 2) This meat tastes as if it (go) bad. 这肉尝起来似乎已经坏了。 3) It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I (do) it? 是约翰打破了窗户。为什么你说得好像是我做的呢? 4) You can brush as if (guide) by a dentist. 你可以像在牙医的指导下那样刷牙。 He kids were very friendly withher and even looked up to her as if she (be) their own mother.孩子们对她非常友好,甚至尊敬她,好像她是他们自己的妈妈似的。