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初中元旦节完整版课件.pptx

1、2021元旦简介元旦的由来各国元旦趣闻新年寄语第一部分元 旦 简 介元旦简介元旦,即公历的1月1日,是世界多数国家通称的“新年”。元,谓“始”,凡数之始称为“元”;旦,谓“日”;“元旦”意即“初始之日”。元旦又称“三元”,即岁之元、月之元、时之元。由于地理环境和历法的不同,在不同时代,世界各国、各民族元旦的时间定位各不尽相同。现在,公历日益为世界各国所公认。世界上大多数国家都采用了国际通行的公历,把每年1月1日作为“元旦”。以公历为历法的国家,都以每年公历1月1日为元旦日,举国放假。元旦简介中 国“元 旦”中国历史上的“元旦”一词最早出现于晋书。中国历史上的“元旦”指的是“正月一日”,“正月”

2、的计算方法,在汉武帝时期以前是很不统一的,历代的元旦日期并不一致。从汉武帝起,规定阴历一月为“正月”,把一月的第一天称为元旦,一直沿用到清朝末年。辛亥革命后,为了“行夏正,所以顺农时,从西历,所以便统计”,民国元年决定使用公历(实际使用是1912年),并规定阳历1月1日为“新年”,但并不叫“元旦”。1949年中华人民共和国以公历1月1日为元旦,因此“元旦”在中国也被称为“阳历年”、“新历年”或“公历年”。第二部分元旦的由来元 旦 的 由 来元,谓“始”,凡数之始称为“元”;旦,谓“日”;“元旦”意即“初始之日”。元旦又称“三元”,即岁之元、月之元、时之元。由于地理环境和历法的不同,在不同时代,

3、世界各国、各民族元旦的时间定位各不尽相同。现在,公历日益为世界各国所公认。世界上大多数国家都采用了国际通行的公历,把每年1月1日作为“元旦”。以公历为历法的国家,都以每年公历1月1日为元旦日,举国放假在古代中国人的心目中,“元”,是开始的意思;“旦”,是早晨的意思。据史料记载,在中国历史上,“元旦”有许多称谓,如元日、元正、元辰、开年、元春、上日、华岁等,但在诸多称谓中还是以称“元旦”最普遍,时间最长久。元 旦 的 由 来“元旦”的概念,在不同时代、不同国家,具体所指也不尽相同。中国的“元旦”这一概念,历来指的是正月一日。“正月”的计算方法,在汉武帝时期以前也是很不统一的。因此,历代的元旦月、

4、日也并不一致。夏朝的夏历以春季一月为正月,商朝的殷历以冬季十二月为正月,周朝的周历以冬季十一月为正月。秦始皇统一中国后,又以冬季十月为正月,即十月初一为元旦。从汉武帝起,规定春季一月为正月,把一月的第一天称为元旦,一直沿用到清朝末年。发展变化元 旦 的 由 来发展变化“元旦”一词最早出现于晋书:“颛帝以孟夏正月为元,其实正朔元旦之春。”汉代崔瑗三子钗铭中叫“元正”、晋代庾阐扬都赋一赋中称作“元辰”、北齐时的元会大享歌皇夏辞一辞中呼为“元春”、唐德宗-李适元日退朝观军仗归营一诗中谓之“元朔”。南北朝时,南朝文史学家萧子云的介雅诗中有“四季新元旦,万寿初春朝”的记载。宋代吴自牧梦粱录中有关于:“正

5、月朔日,谓之元旦,俗呼为新年。一岁节序,此为之首。”的记载。“元旦”一词系中国“土产”,在中国农历中已沿用4000多年,但现行公历“元旦”为1949年所定,随着2016年的到来,它只有“70岁”。每年1月1日,标志着新一年的到来,人们习惯将这一天称为“元旦”,俗称“公历年”、“阳历年”或“新历年”。元 旦 的 由 来相关传说中国的元旦起于三皇五帝之一的颛顼,距今已有5000多年的历史。传说二:在4000多年前远古的尧、舜盛世之时,尧在位时勤政于民为百姓办了很多好事,很受广大百姓爱戴,但因其子无才不太成器,他没把“部落联盟”的首领位传给自己的儿子,而是传给了品德才能兼备的舜。尧对舜说:“你今后一

6、定要把帝位传交好,待我死后也可安心瞑目了。”后来舜把帝位传给了治洪水有功的禹,禹亦像舜那样亲民爱民为百姓做了很多好事,都十分受人爱戴。后来人们把尧死后,舜帝祭祀天地和先帝尧的那一天,当作一年的开始之日,把农历正月初一称为“元旦”,或“元正”。据说这就是古代“元旦”的由来。第三部分各国元旦趣闻各 国 元 旦 趣 闻晋代诗人辛兰曾有元正诗:“元正启令节,嘉庆肇自兹。咸奏万年觞,小大同悦熙。”记述元旦庆贺情景。现代中国的元旦,根据中国政府将其列入法定假日,成为全国人民的节日。放假一天,后常常将当日前或后双休日调整,一般连续休息三天。现代中国对元旦的庆祝较之春节,重要性要小得多。一般机关、企业会举行年

7、终集体庆祝活动,但民间活动很少。习俗文化西方元旦:西元前46年,古罗马凯撒把这一天定为西历新年的开始,为了祝福双面神“Janus”,这位罗马神话中的门神,“Janus”后来也演化为英文一月“January”这个词。各 国 元 旦 趣 闻元旦前一天,家家户户都必须做到瓶中有酒,橱中有肉。英国人认为,如果没有余下的酒肉,来年便会贫穷。除此之外,英国还流行新年“打井水”的风俗,人们都争取第一个去打水,认为第一个打水的人为幸福之人,打来的水是吉祥之水。英国在比利时,元旦的早上,农村中的第一件事便是向畜拜年。人们走到牛、马、羊、狗、猫等动物身边,煞有介事地向这些生灵通明:“新年快乐!”比利时各 国 元

8、旦 趣 闻德国人在元旦期间,家家户户都要摆上一棵枞树和横树,树叶间系满绢花,表示繁花似锦,春满人间。他们在除夕午夜新年光临前一刻,爬到椅子上,钟声一响,他们就跳下椅子,并将一重物抛向椅背后,以示甩去祸患,跳入新年。在德国的农村还流传着一种“爬树比赛”的过新年风俗,以示步步高升。德国以酒来庆祝新年,人们从除夕起开始狂欢痛饮,直到1月3日才终止。法国人认为元旦这一天的天气预示着新的一年的年景。元旦清晨他们就上街看风向来占卜:刮南风,预兆风调雨顺,这一年会是平安而炎热;刮西风,有一个捕鱼和挤奶的丰收年;刮东风,水果将高产;刮北风,则是歉收年。法国各 国 元 旦 趣 闻意大利的除夕是一个狂欢之夜,当夜

9、幕开始降临,成千上万的人们涌向街头,点燃爆竹和焰火,甚至鸣放真枪实弹。男男女女翩翩起舞,直至午夜。家家户户收拾旧物,将屋子里一些可打碎的东西,摔个粉碎,旧盆子、瓶瓶罐罐统统扔到门外,表示去掉厄运和烦恼,这是他们辞旧岁迎新年的传统方式。意大利瑞士人有元旦健身的习惯,他们有的成群结队去爬山,站在山顶面对冰天雪地,大声歌唱美好的生活;有的在山林中沿着长长的雪道滑雪,仿佛在寻找幸福之路;有的举行踩高跷比赛,男女老幼齐上阵,互祝身体健康。他们以健身来迎接新一年的到来。瑞士各 国 元 旦 趣 闻元旦前夜,人们在广场上竖起高大的圣诞树,搭起舞台。市民们一边烧着焰火,一边载歌载舞。农村人拉着木犁,上面装饰着各

10、种彩花,庆祝新年。罗马尼亚元旦用餐时,谁打喷嚏谁准会给全家人带来幸福,家主将第一只羊、牛或马驹许给他,以祝愿他给全家人带来幸福。保加利亚元旦时,家家都要做一个大蛋糕,里面放一枚银币。主人将蛋糕切若干块,分给家人或来访的亲朋好友。谁吃到带有银币的那块蛋糕,谁就成了新年最幸运的人,大家都向他祝贺。希腊各 国 元 旦 趣 闻西班牙人在元旦前夕,所有家庭成员都团聚在一起,以音乐和游戏相庆贺。午夜来临,十二点的钟声刚开始敲第一响,大家便争着吃葡萄。如果能按钟声吃下12颗,便象征着新年的每个月都一切如意。西班牙第四部分新 年 寄 语新 年 寄 语老师:过年好!您的博爱给予我灵魂,您的艰辛教育我成长。愿您的

11、汗水化做无数颗冰凌花让您欣慰!让您快乐!这一刻,有我最深的思念。让云捎去满心的祝福,点缀你甜蜜的梦,愿你拥有一个幸福快乐的新年!我把新世纪的祝福和希望,悄悄地放在将融的雪被下,让它们,沿着春天的秧苗生长,送给你满年的丰硕与芬芳!祝福是份真心意,不是千言万语的表白。感谢你的关怀,感谢你的帮助,感谢你对我做的一切任何时间,请接受我最真心的祝愿!在这个充满喜悦的日子里,在长久的离别后,愿新年的钟声代给你一份宁静和喜悦,和新世纪的祝福。元旦表示年新的一年,新的开始,万事从头起,良好的开端是成功的一半祝你永远是成功者!感谢大家聆听2121赠送2套彩色创意商务可一键删除可一键删除并列关系/数据对比Grap

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42、l categories,for every 6 emails received we get 3 phone cell.90%Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Green CategoryLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Tosca CategoryLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Blue CategoryLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,con

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46、gSuitable for all category,Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text.PlanSuitable for all category,Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text.InventSuitable for all category,Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text.BuildSuitable for all category,Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text.DeploySuitable for all categ

47、ory,Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text.Bubble ChartDummy text ever since the 1500s when an unknown printer took a galley.0.5221.52.500.511.522.5300.511.522.53Lorem Ipsum has been the industrys standard dummy text ever since the 1500s when an unknown printer took galley.DesignLorem Ipsum has been

48、the industrys standard dummy text ever since the 1500s when an unknown printer took galley.AnimationLorem Ipsum has been the industrys standard dummy text ever since the 1500s when an unknown printer took galley.VideoLorem Ipsum has been the industrys standard dummy text ever since the 1500s when an

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50、r sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Green CategoryLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Tosca CategoryLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Blue CategoryLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Orange CategoryLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur a

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