八年级下英语各单元知识点.doc

1、八年级下英语各单元知识点Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?短语：goonvacationstayathomegotothemountainsgotothebeachvisitmuseumsgotosummercampquiteafewstudyforgooutmostofthetimetastegoodhaveagoodtimeofcoursefeellikegoshoppinginthepastwalkaroundtoomanybecauseofonebowloffindoutgoontakephotossomethingimportantupanddowncomeu

2、p语法：Wheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.Didyougooutwithanyone?No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh，yes.Everythingwasexcellent.惯用法：1.buysthforab./buysb.sth为某人买某物2.tast

3、e+adj.尝起来3.nothing.but+V.(原形)除了之外什么都没有4.seem+(tobe)+adj看起来5.arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地6.decidetodosth.决定做某事7.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事8.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事9.wanttodosth.想去做某事10.startdoingsth.开始做某事11.stopdoingsth.停止做某事12.look+adj看起来13.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事14.Whynotdosth.为什么不做.呢？15.so+adj

4、+that+从句如此以至于16.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人（不要）做某事17.keepdoingsth.继续做某事18.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事词语辨析：anywhere与somewhere两者都是不定副词。anywhere在任何地方，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Icantfinditanywhere.somewhere在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.2.seem+形容词看起来.Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth.似乎、好像做某事Iseem

5、tohaveacoldIseems/seemed+从句看起来好像；似乎.Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike.好像，似乎.Itseemslikeagodidea.3.decidetodosth.决定做某事Theydecidetovisitthemuseum.decide+疑问词+动词不定式Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.4.startdoingsth=starttodosth.开始，可与begin互换。Hestarteddoinghishomework.但以下几种情况不能用begin.创办，开办：Hestartedanewbllkshopl

6、astmonth.机器开动：Icantstartmycar出发，动身：Iwillstarttomorrowmorning.5.over介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）=morethanMyfatherisover40yearsold.在之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与under相反。Thereisamapovertheblackboard.超过：Ihearthenewsovertheradio.遍及：Iwanttotravelallovertheworld.6.toomany太多，后接可数名词复数：Motherboughttoomanyeggsyesterday.toomuch太多，修饰

7、不可数名词，修饰动词作状语Wehavetoomuchworktodo.Donttalktoomuch.muchtoo太，修饰形容词或副词。Thehatismuchtoobigforme.Yourewalkingmuchtoofast.分辨三者的口诀：toomuch,muchtoo,用法区别看后头：much后接不可数，too后修饰形或副。toomany要记住，后面名词必复数。7.becauseof介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。Hecanttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。Idontbu

8、ytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.Unit1Exercise一.补全对话：Anna:Hi,Jane.Whereyougoonvacationlastweek?Jane:I_toPenangin_.Anna:Who_yougowith?Jane:Iwentwithmy_.Anna:Whatdidyoudo?Jane:Theweatherwashotand_onMonday,sowewent_onthebeach.Thenintheafternoon,we_bicyclestoGeorgetown.Anna:Soundsgood!Jane:Well,butthen

9、estdaywasnotgood.My_andIwenttoPenangHill,buttheweather_reallybadandrainy.We_alongtimeforthetrainandwewere_andcoldbecauseweforgottobringan_.Anna:Oh,no!Jane:Andthatsnotall!Wealsodidntbring_money,soweonlyhadonebowlofriceandsomefish.二.汉译英1.当学生们在说话时，王老师进来了。（as）2.Tom踢足球不错，但是我踢得也一样好。(as)3.我对他不够熟悉。(enough)4

10、.他感觉像在游泳一样。(feellike)5.你想和我在公园散步吗？(feellike)6.为什么不试着骑车去上学呢？（try）7.我不能决定我该去哪儿.(decide)8.为什么不把你儿子带来参加聚会？（bring）9.我差点忘了我的钥匙。(forget)10.我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。（dislike）11.他是一个留着短发的高个子小孩。（with）12.他跑得非常快，没有人能追上他。（sothat）13.她每天早晨早起以便能赶上早班公共汽车。(sothat)14.我告诉他不要在墙上画画。（tellnottodo）Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?短语：helpwithhou

11、seworkgoshoppingonweekendshowoftenhardlyeveronceaweektwiceamonthgotothemovieseverydayusetheInternetbefreehavedanceandpianolessonsswingdanceplaytennisstayuplateatleastgotobedearlyplaysportsbegoodforgocampinginonesfreetimenot.atallthemostpopularsuchasgotothedentistmorethanoldhabitsthehardlessthan语法要点：

12、Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Ialwaysexercise.Whatdotheydoonweekends?Theyoftenhelpwithhousework.Whatdoesshedoonweekends?Shesometimesgoesshopping.Howoftendoyougotothemovies?Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.HowoftendoeshewatchTV?HehardlyeverwatchesTV.Doyougoshopping?No,Inevergoshopping.惯用法：1.helpsb.withst

13、h帮助某人做某事2.Howabout?.怎么样？/.好不好？3.wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事4.Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句.有多少.5.主语+find+that从句发现6.Its+adj.+todosth.做某事是.的7.spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度过时光8.asksb.aboutsth.向某人询问某事9.bydoingsth.通过做某事10.Whatsyourfavorite.?你最喜欢的是什么？11startdoingsth.开始做某事12.thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式词语辨析：1.howoften多久一次，用来提问动作

14、发生的频率。回答用：once，twice,threetimes等词语。Howoftendoyouplaysports?Threetimesaweek.howlong多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。HowlongdoesittaketogettoShanghaifromhere?Howlongistheruler?howfor多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。Howfarisitfromheretothepark?Itsabout2kilometers.free空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy.befree有空，闲着，相当于havetime.Illbefreenextweek.=Il

15、lhavetimenextweek.还可作“免费的、自由的”解。befreetodosth.自由地做某事。Theticketsarefree.Yourefreetogoortostay.Howcome？怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句why,但howcome开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。HowcomeTomdidntcometotheparty?=WhydidntTomcometotheparty?stayuplate指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。Dontstayuplatenexttime.stayup指“熬夜，不睡觉”。Hest

16、ayedupallnighttowritehisstory.gotobed强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。Iwenttobedatelevenlastnight.gotosleep强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。Shewassotiredthatshewenttosleepsoon.find+宾语+名词,发现：Wehavefoundhim(tobe)agoodboy.find+宾语+形容词，发现：Hefoundtheroomdirty.find+宾语+现在分词，发现：Ifoundherstandingatthedoor.percent百分数，基数词+percent：percent没

17、有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。Fortypercentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.Thirtypercentoftimepassed.morethan超过，多于，不仅仅，相当于over.在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：lessthan.IlivedinShanghaiformorethan/overtenyears.9.afraid形容词，担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。Imafraidwecantcomehereontime.beafraidofsb/sth害怕某人/某事；beafraidofdoi

18、ngsth.害怕做某事。Somechildrenareafraidofthedark.Dontbeafraidofaskingquestion.Imafraid+从句，恐怕，担心：ImafraidIhavetogonow.10.sometimes,sometime,sometimes,sometime的区别：sometimes频度副词，有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。SometimesIgetupveryearly.-Howoftendoyougetup?sometime副词，某个时候。表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词whe

19、n.IwillgotoShanghaisometimenextweek.-WhenwillyougotoShanghainextweek?sometimes名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time是可数名词，对它提问用howmanytimes.Ihavereadthestorysometimes.-Howmanytimeshaveyoureadthestory?sometime名词短语，一段时间.表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用Howlong.Illstayhereforsometime.-Howlongwillyoustayhere?Unit2Exercise补充练习：一、

20、补全对话A. WhatdoTomandMike_doonweekends?B:Theysometimesgotothemuseum.A:_dotheygototheshoppingcenter?B:_ever.Maybeabouttwiceamonth.A:_dotheywatchTV?B:MikeneverwatchTV,butTomwatchesTV_day.A:Oh,ImjustlikeTom.I_watchTV,too.二、汉译英1.我经常帮他学英语。（helpwith）2.这个故事我读了好几遍了。（haveread.sometimes）3.我将在这待一段时间。（sometime）4.

21、几乎没有剩下的食物。（hardly）5.你多久锻炼一次？（howoften）6.我用刀切面包。(use)7.吃蔬菜对你有益（begoodfor）8.农场上有多少个工人？（Howmany）9.玛丽问我关于我生日聚会的一些事情。(asksb.aboutsth.)10.他发现没有人能回答他的问题。(find)11.我发现他正站在门口（find）12.男生中的百分之七十喜欢电脑游戏。（percent）13.没有一个人知道这个问题的答案。（theanswerstothequestions）14.尽管下了一天雨了，但是那些男孩们仍在外面玩耍（although）15.我认为对于动物来说呆在笼子里是没有益的。

22、（isgoodfor）16.他通过他的朋友得到了这份工作。（through）17.来和我们一起过周末吧。（spend）18.我害怕乘飞机旅行。（beafraidtodosth.）19.有些小孩怕黑。(beafraidofsb./sth,)20.我们在这儿住了不到两年（lessthansix）Unit3Immoreoutgoingthanmysister短语归纳：1.moreoutgoing2.as.as.3.thesingingcompetition4.themostimportant5.betalentedinmusic6.thesameas7.careabout8.bedifferentf

23、rom9.belikeamirror10.aslongas11.bringout12.getbettergrade13.reachfor14.touchonesheart15.infact16.makefriends17.begoodat18.theother19.besimilarto20.begoodwith短语用法：1.havefundoingsth.享受做某事的乐趣2.wanttodosth.想要做某事3.as+形容词或副词的原级+as与一样4.begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事5.makesb.Dosth.让某人做某事6.Its+形容词+forsb.Todosth.对某人来说

24、，做某事是的语法知识：IsTomsmarterthanSam?No,heisnt.SamissmarterthanTom.IsTaramoreoutgoingthanTina?No,sheisnt.TinaismoreoutgoingthanTara.Areyouafriendlyasyoursister?No,Imnot.Imfriendlier.DoesTaraworkashardasTina?Yes,shedoes.Whosmorehardworkingatschool?Tinathinkssheworksharderthanme.词语辨析：laughv.&n.笑Wealllaughed

25、loudlywhenshemadeajoke.她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。Wealllaughedathisjoke.听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。Helaughsbestwholaughslast.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。（与at连用）嘲笑Dontlaughathim.别嘲笑他。Peoplehaveoftenlaughedatstoriestoldbyseamen.人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。Everyonelaughedathisfoolishantics.大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。笑；笑声Wehadagoodlaughathisjoke.我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。

26、thoughconj.虽然；纵然；即使；尽管=althoughThoughitwasraining，hewentthere.虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。Thoughhewaspoorhewashappy.虽然他很穷却很快乐。注意：不能受汉语的影响，在though引导的从句后使用but。如：Thoughhewaspoor，buthewashappy.（误）thoughadv.不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。Jimsaidthathewouldcome,hedidnt,though.语法讲解：形容词与副词的比较级大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较

27、级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er，-esttall（高的）great（巨大的）tallergreatertallestgreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r，-stnice（好的）large（大的）nicerlargernicestlargest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-estbig（大的）hot（热的）biggerhott

28、erbiggesthottest“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-esteasy（容易的）busy（忙的）easierbusiereasiestbusiest少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er，-estclever（聪明的）narrow（窄的）cleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级important（重要的）easily（容易地）moreimportantmoreeasilymostimportantmosteasily2不规则变化原级比较级最高级good（好

29、的）well（健康的）betterbestbad（坏的）ill（有病的）worseworstold（老的）older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many（多的）moremostlittle（少的）lessleastfar（远的）farther/furtherfarthest/furthestUnit4Whatsthebestmovietheater句型：Ithasthebiggestscreens.TheDJschoosesongsthemostcarefuuly.Howdoyoulikeitsofar?到目前为止，你认为它怎么样？Thanksforgettellingme

30、.CanIaskyousomequestions?短语：sofar到目前为止，迄今为止noproblem没什么，别客气have.incommon有相同特征（想法、兴趣等方面）相同beupto是.的职责allkindsof.各种各样的playarole发挥作用，有影响makeup编造（故事、谎言等）forexample例如take.seriously认真对待noteverybody并不是每个人closeto离.近moreandmore越来越常用法：CanIaskyousome.Howdoyoulike.你认为怎么样Thanksfprdoingsth.Whatdoyouthinkof.much+形

31、容词或副词比较级.得多watchsbdosth观看某人做某事playaroleindoingsth.发挥做某事的作用oneof+可数名词复数.之一语法：Whatsthebestmovietheatertogoto?TownCinema.Itstheclosesttohome.Andyoucanbuyticketsthemostquicklythere?Whichistheworstclothesstoreintown?DreamClothes.ItsworsethanBlueMoon.Ithastheworstservice.Whatdoyouthinkof970AM?Ithink970AMi

32、sprettybad.Ithasworstmusic.对话：Greg:Hi,ImGreg.Imnewintown.Helen:Hi,ImHelen.Welcometotheneighborhood!Howdoyoulikeitsofar?Greg:Itsfantastic,butIstilldontreallyknowmywayaround.Helen:Well,thebestsupermarketisonCenterStreet.Youcanbuythefreshestfoodthere.Greg:Oh,great.Isthereacinemaaroundhere?Ihavewatching

33、movies.Helen:Yes,SunCinemaisthenewestone.Youcansitthemostcomfortablybecausetheyhavethebiggestseats.Greg:Thanksfortellingme.Helen:Noproblem.练习，用括号里的词的适当形式填空。1.Wewenttothe_(bad)restaurantintownlastnight.Themenuhadonly10dishesandtheservicewasnotgoodatall.2.BlueMoonis_(good),butMilersis_(good)intown.3.T

34、heBigScreenis_(expensive)thanmostcinemas,butCinemaCityis_(expensive).4.MovieCityhasthe_(bad)service,butwecansitthe_(comfortably)there.5.JohnnyDepactedthe_(good)inthatmovie.Hesmuch_(good)thanotheractorsatfindingthe_(interesting)role.阅读短文回答问题。WhosGotTalent?Everyoneisgoodatsomething,butsomepeoplearetalented.Itsalwaysinterestingtowatchotherpeopleshowtheirtalents.Talentshowsaregettingmoreandmorepopular.First,therewereshowslikeAmericanIdolan