八年级下英语各单元知识点.doc

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1、八年级下英语各单元知识点Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?短语:goonvacationstayathomegotothemountainsgotothebeachvisitmuseumsgotosummercampquiteafewstudyforgooutmostofthetimetastegoodhaveagoodtimeofcoursefeellikegoshoppinginthepastwalkaroundtoomanybecauseofonebowloffindoutgoontakephotossomethingimportantupanddowncomeu

2、p语法:Wheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.Didyougooutwithanyone?No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.惯用法:1.buysthforab./buysb.sth为某人买某物2.tast

3、e+adj.尝起来3.nothing.but+V.(原形)除了之外什么都没有4.seem+(tobe)+adj看起来5.arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地6.decidetodosth.决定做某事7.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事8.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事9.wanttodosth.想去做某事10.startdoingsth.开始做某事11.stopdoingsth.停止做某事12.look+adj看起来13.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事14.Whynotdosth.为什么不做.呢?15.so+adj

4、+that+从句如此以至于16.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事17.keepdoingsth.继续做某事18.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事词语辨析:anywhere与somewhere两者都是不定副词。anywhere在任何地方,常用于否定句和疑问句中。Icantfinditanywhere.somewhere在某处,到某处,常用于肯定句。Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.2.seem+形容词看起来.Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth.似乎、好像做某事Iseem

5、tohaveacoldIseems/seemed+从句看起来好像;似乎.Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike.好像,似乎.Itseemslikeagodidea.3.decidetodosth.决定做某事Theydecidetovisitthemuseum.decide+疑问词+动词不定式Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.4.startdoingsth=starttodosth.开始,可与begin互换。Hestarteddoinghishomework.但以下几种情况不能用begin.创办,开办:Hestartedanewbllkshopl

6、astmonth.机器开动:Icantstartmycar出发,动身:Iwillstarttomorrowmorning.5.over介词,多于,超过,在以上(表示数目、程度)=morethanMyfatherisover40yearsold.在之上,与物体垂直且不接触,与under相反。Thereisamapovertheblackboard.超过:Ihearthenewsovertheradio.遍及:Iwanttotravelallovertheworld.6.toomany太多,后接可数名词复数:Motherboughttoomanyeggsyesterday.toomuch太多,修饰

7、不可数名词,修饰动词作状语Wehavetoomuchworktodo.Donttalktoomuch.muchtoo太,修饰形容词或副词。Thehatismuchtoobigforme.Yourewalkingmuchtoofast.分辨三者的口诀:toomuch,muchtoo,用法区别看后头:much后接不可数,too后修饰形或副。toomany要记住,后面名词必复数。7.becauseof介词短语,因为,由于,后接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子。Hecanttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.because连词,因为,引导状语从句,表示直接明确的原因或理由。Idontbu

8、ytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.Unit1Exercise一.补全对话:Anna:Hi,Jane.Whereyougoonvacationlastweek?Jane:I_toPenangin_.Anna:Who_yougowith?Jane:Iwentwithmy_.Anna:Whatdidyoudo?Jane:Theweatherwashotand_onMonday,sowewent_onthebeach.Thenintheafternoon,we_bicyclestoGeorgetown.Anna:Soundsgood!Jane:Well,butthen

9、estdaywasnotgood.My_andIwenttoPenangHill,buttheweather_reallybadandrainy.We_alongtimeforthetrainandwewere_andcoldbecauseweforgottobringan_.Anna:Oh,no!Jane:Andthatsnotall!Wealsodidntbring_money,soweonlyhadonebowlofriceandsomefish.二.汉译英1.当学生们在说话时,王老师进来了。(as)2.Tom踢足球不错,但是我踢得也一样好。(as)3.我对他不够熟悉。(enough)4

10、.他感觉像在游泳一样。(feellike)5.你想和我在公园散步吗?(feellike)6.为什么不试着骑车去上学呢?(try)7.我不能决定我该去哪儿.(decide)8.为什么不把你儿子带来参加聚会?(bring)9.我差点忘了我的钥匙。(forget)10.我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。(dislike)11.他是一个留着短发的高个子小孩。(with)12.他跑得非常快,没有人能追上他。(sothat)13.她每天早晨早起以便能赶上早班公共汽车。(sothat)14.我告诉他不要在墙上画画。(tellnottodo)Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?短语:helpwithhou

11、seworkgoshoppingonweekendshowoftenhardlyeveronceaweektwiceamonthgotothemovieseverydayusetheInternetbefreehavedanceandpianolessonsswingdanceplaytennisstayuplateatleastgotobedearlyplaysportsbegoodforgocampinginonesfreetimenot.atallthemostpopularsuchasgotothedentistmorethanoldhabitsthehardlessthan语法要点:

12、Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Ialwaysexercise.Whatdotheydoonweekends?Theyoftenhelpwithhousework.Whatdoesshedoonweekends?Shesometimesgoesshopping.Howoftendoyougotothemovies?Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.HowoftendoeshewatchTV?HehardlyeverwatchesTV.Doyougoshopping?No,Inevergoshopping.惯用法:1.helpsb.withst

13、h帮助某人做某事2.Howabout?.怎么样?/.好不好?3.wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事4.Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句.有多少.5.主语+find+that从句发现6.Its+adj.+todosth.做某事是.的7.spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度过时光8.asksb.aboutsth.向某人询问某事9.bydoingsth.通过做某事10.Whatsyourfavorite.?你最喜欢的是什么?11startdoingsth.开始做某事12.thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式词语辨析:1.howoften多久一次,用来提问动作

14、发生的频率。回答用:once,twice,threetimes等词语。Howoftendoyouplaysports?Threetimesaweek.howlong多长,用来询问多长时间,也可询问某物有多长。HowlongdoesittaketogettoShanghaifromhere?Howlongistheruler?howfor多远,用来询问距离,指路程的远近。Howfarisitfromheretothepark?Itsabout2kilometers.free空闲的,有空的,反义词为busy.befree有空,闲着,相当于havetime.Illbefreenextweek.=Il

15、lhavetimenextweek.还可作“免费的、自由的”解。befreetodosth.自由地做某事。Theticketsarefree.Yourefreetogoortostay.Howcome?怎么会?怎么回事?表示某件事情很奇怪,有点想不通;可单独使用,也可引导一个问句,相当于疑问句why,但howcome开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。HowcomeTomdidntcometotheparty?=WhydidntTomcometotheparty?stayuplate指“熬夜到很晚,迟睡”。Dontstayuplatenexttime.stayup指“熬夜,不睡觉”。Hest

16、ayedupallnighttowritehisstory.gotobed强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程,但人不一定睡着。Iwenttobedatelevenlastnight.gotosleep强调“入睡,睡着,进入梦乡”。Shewassotiredthatshewenttosleepsoon.find+宾语+名词,发现:Wehavefoundhim(tobe)agoodboy.find+宾语+形容词,发现:Hefoundtheroomdirty.find+宾语+现在分词,发现:Ifoundherstandingatthedoor.percent百分数,基数词+percent:percent没

17、有复数形式,作主语时,根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。Fortypercentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.Thirtypercentoftimepassed.morethan超过,多于,不仅仅,相当于over.在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为:lessthan.IlivedinShanghaiformorethan/overtenyears.9.afraid形容词,担心的,害怕的,在句中作表语,不用在名词前作定语。Imafraidwecantcomehereontime.beafraidofsb/sth害怕某人/某事;beafraidofdoi

18、ngsth.害怕做某事。Somechildrenareafraidofthedark.Dontbeafraidofaskingquestion.Imafraid+从句,恐怕,担心:ImafraidIhavetogonow.10.sometimes,sometime,sometimes,sometime的区别:sometimes频度副词,有时。表示动作发生的不经常性,多与一般现在时连用,可位于句首、句中或句末。SometimesIgetupveryearly.-Howoftendoyougetup?sometime副词,某个时候。表示不确切或不具体的时间,常用于过去时或将来时,对它用疑问词whe

19、n.IwillgotoShanghaisometimenextweek.-WhenwillyougotoShanghainextweek?sometimes名词词组,几次,几倍。其中time是可数名词,对它提问用howmanytimes.Ihavereadthestorysometimes.-Howmanytimeshaveyoureadthestory?sometime名词短语,一段时间.表示“一段时间”时,句中谓语动词常为延续性动词,提问时用Howlong.Illstayhereforsometime.-Howlongwillyoustayhere?Unit2Exercise补充练习:一、

20、补全对话A. WhatdoTomandMike_doonweekends?B:Theysometimesgotothemuseum.A:_dotheygototheshoppingcenter?B:_ever.Maybeabouttwiceamonth.A:_dotheywatchTV?B:MikeneverwatchTV,butTomwatchesTV_day.A:Oh,ImjustlikeTom.I_watchTV,too.二、汉译英1.我经常帮他学英语。(helpwith)2.这个故事我读了好几遍了。(haveread.sometimes)3.我将在这待一段时间。(sometime)4.

21、几乎没有剩下的食物。(hardly)5.你多久锻炼一次?(howoften)6.我用刀切面包。(use)7.吃蔬菜对你有益(begoodfor)8.农场上有多少个工人?(Howmany)9.玛丽问我关于我生日聚会的一些事情。(asksb.aboutsth.)10.他发现没有人能回答他的问题。(find)11.我发现他正站在门口(find)12.男生中的百分之七十喜欢电脑游戏。(percent)13.没有一个人知道这个问题的答案。(theanswerstothequestions)14.尽管下了一天雨了,但是那些男孩们仍在外面玩耍(although)15.我认为对于动物来说呆在笼子里是没有益的。

22、(isgoodfor)16.他通过他的朋友得到了这份工作。(through)17.来和我们一起过周末吧。(spend)18.我害怕乘飞机旅行。(beafraidtodosth.)19.有些小孩怕黑。(beafraidofsb./sth,)20.我们在这儿住了不到两年(lessthansix)Unit3Immoreoutgoingthanmysister短语归纳:1.moreoutgoing2.as.as.3.thesingingcompetition4.themostimportant5.betalentedinmusic6.thesameas7.careabout8.bedifferentf

23、rom9.belikeamirror10.aslongas11.bringout12.getbettergrade13.reachfor14.touchonesheart15.infact16.makefriends17.begoodat18.theother19.besimilarto20.begoodwith短语用法:1.havefundoingsth.享受做某事的乐趣2.wanttodosth.想要做某事3.as+形容词或副词的原级+as与一样4.begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事5.makesb.Dosth.让某人做某事6.Its+形容词+forsb.Todosth.对某人来说

24、,做某事是的语法知识:IsTomsmarterthanSam?No,heisnt.SamissmarterthanTom.IsTaramoreoutgoingthanTina?No,sheisnt.TinaismoreoutgoingthanTara.Areyouafriendlyasyoursister?No,Imnot.Imfriendlier.DoesTaraworkashardasTina?Yes,shedoes.Whosmorehardworkingatschool?Tinathinkssheworksharderthanme.词语辨析:laughv.&n.笑Wealllaughed

25、loudlywhenshemadeajoke.她说了个笑话,我们都大声笑起来。Wealllaughedathisjoke.听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。Helaughsbestwholaughslast.谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。(与at连用)嘲笑Dontlaughathim.别嘲笑他。Peoplehaveoftenlaughedatstoriestoldbyseamen.人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。Everyonelaughedathisfoolishantics.大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。笑;笑声Wehadagoodlaughathisjoke.我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。

26、thoughconj.虽然;纵然;即使;尽管=althoughThoughitwasraining,hewentthere.虽然当时正下着雨,他还是到那里去了。Thoughhewaspoorhewashappy.虽然他很穷却很快乐。注意:不能受汉语的影响,在though引导的从句后使用but。如:Thoughhewaspoor,buthewashappy.(误)thoughadv.不过,可是,然而,常用于句末,用逗号隔开。Jimsaidthathewouldcome,hedidnt,though.语法讲解:形容词与副词的比较级大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较

27、级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er,-esttall(高的)great(巨大的)tallergreatertallestgreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-stnice(好的)large(大的)nicerlargernicestlargest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-estbig(大的)hot(热的)biggerhott

28、erbiggesthottest“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-esteasy(容易的)busy(忙的)easierbusiereasiestbusiest少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er,-estclever(聪明的)narrow(窄的)cleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级important(重要的)easily(容易地)moreimportantmoreeasilymostimportantmosteasily2不规则变化原级比较级最高级good(好

29、的)well(健康的)betterbestbad(坏的)ill(有病的)worseworstold(老的)older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many(多的)moremostlittle(少的)lessleastfar(远的)farther/furtherfarthest/furthestUnit4Whatsthebestmovietheater句型:Ithasthebiggestscreens.TheDJschoosesongsthemostcarefuuly.Howdoyoulikeitsofar?到目前为止,你认为它怎么样?Thanksforgettellingme

30、.CanIaskyousomequestions?短语:sofar到目前为止,迄今为止noproblem没什么,别客气have.incommon有相同特征(想法、兴趣等方面)相同beupto是.的职责allkindsof.各种各样的playarole发挥作用,有影响makeup编造(故事、谎言等)forexample例如take.seriously认真对待noteverybody并不是每个人closeto离.近moreandmore越来越常用法:CanIaskyousome.Howdoyoulike.你认为怎么样Thanksfprdoingsth.Whatdoyouthinkof.much+形

31、容词或副词比较级.得多watchsbdosth观看某人做某事playaroleindoingsth.发挥做某事的作用oneof+可数名词复数.之一语法:Whatsthebestmovietheatertogoto?TownCinema.Itstheclosesttohome.Andyoucanbuyticketsthemostquicklythere?Whichistheworstclothesstoreintown?DreamClothes.ItsworsethanBlueMoon.Ithastheworstservice.Whatdoyouthinkof970AM?Ithink970AMi

32、sprettybad.Ithasworstmusic.对话:Greg:Hi,ImGreg.Imnewintown.Helen:Hi,ImHelen.Welcometotheneighborhood!Howdoyoulikeitsofar?Greg:Itsfantastic,butIstilldontreallyknowmywayaround.Helen:Well,thebestsupermarketisonCenterStreet.Youcanbuythefreshestfoodthere.Greg:Oh,great.Isthereacinemaaroundhere?Ihavewatching

33、movies.Helen:Yes,SunCinemaisthenewestone.Youcansitthemostcomfortablybecausetheyhavethebiggestseats.Greg:Thanksfortellingme.Helen:Noproblem.练习,用括号里的词的适当形式填空。1.Wewenttothe_(bad)restaurantintownlastnight.Themenuhadonly10dishesandtheservicewasnotgoodatall.2.BlueMoonis_(good),butMilersis_(good)intown.3.T

34、heBigScreenis_(expensive)thanmostcinemas,butCinemaCityis_(expensive).4.MovieCityhasthe_(bad)service,butwecansitthe_(comfortably)there.5.JohnnyDepactedthe_(good)inthatmovie.Hesmuch_(good)thanotheractorsatfindingthe_(interesting)role.阅读短文回答问题。WhosGotTalent?Everyoneisgoodatsomething,butsomepeoplearetalented.Itsalwaysinterestingtowatchotherpeopleshowtheirtalents.Talentshowsaregettingmoreandmorepopular.First,therewereshowslikeAmericanIdolan

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