1、花费句型专题讲解,你会“花费”吗?,spend take cost pay afford,讲解一,take, spend, pay, cost, afford均含 有“花费”的意思,但其用法有区别。由于这些动词所在的句子主语有的是表示人的词语,有的是表示事物的词语;而且这些动词后面所接的固定搭配也各有特点。所以学习时主要从两个方面掌握:一是牢记含有这些动词的句子主语是表示人的词语,还是表示事物的词语; C是记住含有这些动词的固定句型结构中的特有的固定搭配。只要掌握这两个要点,我们就能自由自在地去“花费”了。,讲解二,take主要用于指花费时间,也能作花费金钱讲,基本句型结构为: It take
2、s f tookrtsb. +时间金钱+ to do sth.“ 意为“做某事花费某人,多长时间或多少钱”。 其中take后面搭配不定式,动词不定式作真正的主语,it代替动词不定式作形式主语。,例句分析,例句1: It takes her half an hour to do morning exercises everyday. 她每天花费半小时做早操。 例句2: It took Ann two days to mend her bike. 安花了两天修自行车。,讲解三,spend:主要用于指花费时间、金钱, 基本句型结构有两种 sb + spend+ 时间或金钱+on sth. = sb+
3、 spend +时间或金钱+(in)+doing sth. 二者意思均为“某人花费多长时间或多少 金钱做某事”。,该结构中句子的主语是表示人的名词或代词 spend是及物动词,其宾语是表示金钱或时间的 名词,spend搭配介词on或in, in可省略, 其后动词用-ing形式。spend属 于不规则动词, 过去式和过去分词均为spent,例句分析,I spent two dollars onthe bag. I spent two dollars (in) buying the bag. 我花了两美元买那个包。 The writer spent all his lifeon the book.
4、 The writer spent all his life (in) writing the book. 那位作家花了毕生的精力写这本书。,pay用于花费金钱, 表示“付钱、付款”。 在含有pay的句型结构中,句子主语是表示人的 名词或代词,pay搭配介词for。pay属于,不规则 动词,过去式和过去分词均为paid。,讲解四,pay作为及物动词,表示“付钱、付款”,其后接 双宾语,间接宾语是表示人的名词或宾格代词, 直接宾语是表示事物(金钱)的名词。基本句型结构为: sb.+pay+ sb.+金钱+ for sth. 意为“某人付给某人多少金,钱买某物”;其后也 可以接表示金钱的名词作宾语
5、,基本句型结构为: sb. + pay +金钱+ for sth. 意为“某人花费多少金钱买某物“,例句分析,Ill pay you two pounds for it. 我将付给你两英镑买它。 He paid for all these vegetables? 他为所有这些蔬菜付了款。,讲解五,cost主要用于花费金钱、时间或精力等。 cost是及物动词,C其后接双宾语,问接宾语是 表示人的名词或宾格代词,直接宾语是表示事 物(金钱、时间或精力等)的名词基本句型结为: sth.+cost+sb.+金钱-意为 “某物花费某人多少金钱”。,1、This dictionary cost him t
6、en dollars. 这本词典花了他十美元。 2、That pencil costs 60 fen. 那支铅笔价格六角。 3、The work cost me much time. 这项工作使我花了许多时间。 4、The invention cost them lots of labor. 这项发明花去他们很大的劳动。,讲解六,afford常用在情态动词can, could, be able to 之后,意为“负担得起-的费用、损失、 afford是及物动词,既可接表示事物的名词或宾格 代词作宾语,基本句型结构为: “sb. + afford +,sth.”意为“某物负担得起 也可接不定式作
7、宾语,基本句型结构为: “sb. +afford + to do sth. 意为“负担得起做的费用、损失、 后果等),,专题训练,1.This type of MP4 is my favorite, but cant _ it. A. spend B. cost C. payD. afford 2.It will _ us several years to learn a foreign language well. cost B. take I C. spend D. use 3.Are your shoes expensive? No. I only _ five dolla.ars on
8、 them. A. used B. cost C. spent,4. How much money did you _in fixing your watch? About ten yuan A. spends B. pays C. takes 5.It _ me fifteen minutes to go to schoolby bus every day. A. spends B. pays C. takes 6.The fuuny toy monkey _ Sandy five dollars. A. cost B. spent C. used,7.It _ me 15 minutes
9、to get to school on my bike. A. costs B. used C. spends D. takes 8. - Excuse me. Is the next bus stop far from here? - Not very farw It only _ you five minutes on foot. A. spends B. costs C. takes D. gets,9.Im interested in animals, so I _ lots of time playing with my pet dog. .pay B.take C.spend 10. How much does the ticket _ from Shanghai to Beijing. .cost B. Take C.spend D.pay,11. You can not imagine how much I_on this dress. Is it beautiful? A. Paid B. Took C.Cost D.spent l2. How long does it _ you to wash all the dishes? A.take B.use C.spend,