1、专题 动词的时态 一般过去时与现在完成时 -2- 考点 一般过去时的构成 一般过去时的构成和用法 一般过去时表示过去某个时间进行的动作或存在的状态,多与时间 状语yesterday,last,ago,just now,the other day,once upon a time,when she was young等连用。 句式结构： 肯定句式: 主语+be动词的一般过去式（was/were） +其他 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式:主语+助动词didnt+动词原形 主语+be动词的一般过去式（was/were） +not +其他 疑问句式:助动词Did+主语+动词原形？ be动词的一般过去
2、式（was/were）+ 主语+其他？ -3- 一般过去时的用法 (1)表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。通常与 yesterday,last year,in 1976,a few months ago等表示过去的时间状语 连用。 I met him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上遇到他了。 (2)表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。通常与 often,usually,seldom等表示频率的副词连用,但这种用法是以一个 过去时间为前提的。 He often went to school by bus last term. 上学期他经常乘公共汽车
3、去上学。 考点 一般过去时的用法 1.与agoago 连用： a momenta moment two minutestwo minutes three hoursthree hours five daysfive days one weekone week six monthssix months four yearsfour years agoago 考点 一般过去时的过去时间状语 last time night week month term Monday yesterdayyesterday morning afternoon evening the day before yester
4、day 2.与lastlast 连用 3.与yesterdayyesterday 连用： 考点 一般过去时的过去时间状语 4.与oneone 连用： oneone morning evening day Monday afternoon 5.与thatthat 连用： thatthat morningmorning winterwinter dayday yearyear 考点 一般过去时的过去时间状语 just nowjust now in the old daysin the old days in those daysin those days in 1980in 1980 the ot
5、her daythe other day at that timeat that time once upon a timeonce upon a time 6.6.其他时间状语：其他时间状语： 考点 一般过去时的过去时间状语 构成规则例词 1. 一般在动词原形末尾加-ed look looked play played start started 2. 结尾是 e 的动词加 -d live lived hope hoped use used 3. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读 闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字 母，再加-ed stop stopped plan planned trip trippe
6、d 4. 结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词， 先变“y”为“i”再加-ed study studied carry carried 规则动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成 考点 一般过去时 规则动词过去式 grow - grew know - knew throw - threw blow - blew write - wrote drive - drove ride - rode get - got forget - forgot lend - lent send - sent spend - spent say - said */sed/ pay - paid stand - stood u
7、nderstand - understood let - let put - put cut - cut read - read* am, is - was are - were do - did go - went have - had see - saw can - could may - might dig - dug eat - ate find - found make - made hear - heard run - ran take - took hold - held speak - spoke leave - left keep - kept sleep - slept s
8、weep - swept tell - told sell - sold begin - began sing - sang sit - sat swim - swam ring - rang give - gave bring - brought buy - bought think - thought teach - taught catch - caught come - came become - became 不规则动词的过去式不规则动词的过去式 写出下列动词的过去式： run borrow grow watch write smile open begin swim carry s
9、tudy finish use live wake keep say clean buy play learn see read stop go think be happen give become get rain stay pass answer went thought was/ were happened gave became got rained stayed passed answered used lived woke kept said cleaned bought played learnt/ed saw read stopped ran borrowed grew wa
10、tched wrote smiled opened began swam carried studied finished Task 1Task 1 -11- 【注意】 如果表示过去经常重复的动作,可以用“used to+动词原形”来表 示。 I used to have a walk in the morning.我过去经常在早晨散步。 有些句子,虽然没有表示过去某个时间的状语,但实际上是指过 去发生的动作或存在的状态,也应该使用一般过去时。 I didnt know you were here.我不知道你在这里。(在说话时,我已 经知道你在这里了。而这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能使用一般
11、过去时。) We thought you were ill.我们以为你生病了呢。(这句话应该是在说 话之前,我们以为你生病了,但现在知道你没有生病。) -12- 【巧学妙记】 一般过去时用法口诀 动词一般过去时,过去时间作标记。 表示过去发生事,谓语要用过去式。 否定句很简单,主语之后didnt添。 疑问构成也简单,主语前面did添。 还有一点不能忘,后面的谓语现原形。 Exercises 用括号里动词的适当形式填空。 1. He _ (read) that book last week. 2. Last night he _ (arrive) just in time for the sho
12、w. 3. Mary _ (marry) Thomas yesterday. 4. Tom _ (show) us where to sit at the meeting yesterday. 5. Last summer we _ (visit) Uncle Jack. 6. It _ (rain) almost every day last month. 7. John _ (like) to play piano when he was in secondary school. 8. Betty _ (work) hard all last year. 9. We _ (change)
13、the color of our uniforms last Christmas. 10. Last year Frances _ (buy) her mother a pretty watch for her birthday. read arrived married showed visited rained liked worked changed bought 根据要求改写下列句子。 1. They had a meeting yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) 2. There were no classes last Saturday afternoon. (改为反意疑问句
14、) 3. Those students did their best. (改为否定句) 4. It was November 10th the day before yesterday.（向划线部分提问） 5. My brother went to Shanghai three days ago.（向划线部分提问） Did they have a meeting yesterday? There were no classes last Saturday afternoon, were there? Those students didnt do their best. What was th
15、e date the day before yesterday? When did your brother go to Shanghai? 用括号内所给动词的一般过去时填空： I _ (have) a good day at work today. The meeting _ (go) well this morning. Bob _ (not be) there. He _ (oversleep) because he _ (not hear) the alarm. Lunch _ (be) terrible. We _ (try) the new French restaurant in
16、 the town center. The food _ (taste) awful. This afternoon I _ (phone) Bill in America. He _ (tell) me weve got a new contract there. It _ (be) an awful drive home. The traffic _ (be) terrible. hadwent was not oversleptdidnt hear wastried tasted phonedtold waswas -17- 现在完成时的构成（have/has done）和用法 现在完成
17、时跨在两个时间之上,一个是过去,一个是现在。它的 动作发生在过去,但对现在产生影响或结果。 与现在完成时连用的时间状语 already,yet,ever,never,for,since,these days,so far 等。 考点 现在完成时的构成和用法 句式结构： 肯定句式:主语+助动词 have (has)+过去分词 否定句式:主语+助动词 have (has)+not+过去分词 疑问句式:助动词 Have (Has)+主语+过去分词 -18- 现在完成时的用法 (1)表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。 Zhang Fang has just turned off the lig
18、ht. 张芳刚刚把灯关上。(说明灯现在关上了) I have already cleaned the room. 我已经打扫了房间。(说明现在房间已经干净了) (2)表示过去发生的动作或状态延续到现在,并且有可能继续下去, 往往与表示一段时间的状语连用。 My father has worked in this factory for many years. 我父亲在这家工厂工作很多年了。 (3)表示从过去到现在所经历的事情。 Ive been to the Great Wall many times. 我去过长城好多次了。 考点 现在完成时的用法 用 already或 yet填空 1) Ha
19、ve they taken down the old pictures _? No, they havent _ . 2) Most of us have finished our compositions _. 3) He said he hadnt visited the exhibition _.yet yet already yet 考点 现在完成时的标志词区别 1）“已完成” already，表示：已经（肯定句中，可放句中或句末）, yet，表示：已经、还.（否定句和疑问句中，用在句末）, He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。 He hasnt
20、 started yet. 他还没有动身。 2） “未完成？” “过去到现在可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去”（延续性动词） since + 过去时间点，表示：自从 （1）since+（过去的）月份/年份， （2）since+ 一段时间+ago （3）since+ 一般过去时从句 She has learnt English since 3 years ago. They have lived here since 1990. He has taught English since he came here. for + 时间段：表示：持续 I havent seen him for two years. She has taught English for ten years. 考点 现在完成时的标志词区别 She has learnt English for 3 years. I havent seen him since three years ago. 用 since或 for填空 1) We have learned five lessons _ the beginning of this term. 2) Mrs. Liao has been in hospital _la
