1、Section B Reading and Thinking .知识体系图解 重点词汇 1. n.一系列;范围、界限 vi.包括;(在一定范围内) 变化 2. n.起源;起因;出身 3. n.宗教;宗教信仰 4. n.人物;数字;身材 vt.认为;认定 5. n.高兴;喜悦 6. adj.高兴的;快乐的 7. n.收获季节;收获;收成 vi.捕 猎(动物、鱼) range origin religion figure joy joyful harvest 8. adj.农业(劳动/生产) 9. n.农业;农艺 10. vi.聚集;集合 vt.聚集;搜集;收割 11. adj.感激的;表示感谢的
2、 12. v.以为特色 n.特色;特征;特点 13. vt.装饰;装潢 14. vi.(使)褪色;(身体)变得虚弱 15. adj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的 16. vt.显示;反映;反射 17. n.信仰;信心;信任 18. n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会 agricultural agriculture gather grateful feature decorate fade typical reflect belief occasion 19.religious adj. 20.charm n. 21.gratitude n. 22.church n. 23.sign
3、ificant adj. 24.firecracker n. mercial adj. 26.medium n.( pl.media) adj. 27.faith n. 宗教的;笃信宗教的 魅力;迷人的特征;咒语 感激之情;感谢 (基督教的)教堂;礼拜堂 有重大意义的;显著的 鞭炮;爆竹 商业(化)的;以获利为 目的的 媒介;手段;方法 中等的;中号的 宗教信仰;信任;相信 重点短语 1.range from.to. 2.fade away 3.in spite of 4.take advantage of 5.have sth in common 6.decorate.with. 7.giv
4、e up 8.take place 9.be grateful for 包括从到之间 逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱 尽管;不管 利用;欺骗;占的便宜 (兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有 相同的特征 用装饰 放弃 代替 感激 重点句式 1.However,no matter how different they may seem,all over the world,the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals. 2.With the development of modern society a
5、nd the spread of new ideas,some traditions may fade away and others may be established. 3.Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. .单词拼写 1.They went there because they wanted to explore the o of the festival.
6、2.The teacher asked me to add up these f and see how much they add up to. 3.Dr Yuan also helps many less developed countries to increase their rice h . 4.Without the forest cover,these areas would r more heat into the atmosphere. 5.I would be very g if you could help me with my English. origin figur
7、es harvest reflect grateful .阅读导学 根据pp.4-5课文内容,选择正确答案。 1.What do festivals all over the world have in common? A.They share the same spirit. B.They have different origins. C.They are celebrated in the same way. D.They came from important events. 2.When does the harvest festival take place? A.Before p
8、eople sow the seeds. B.Before people plough the fields. C.When people harvest the crops. D.After the crops are harvested. 答案:A 答案:D 3.What are the origins of Halloween related to? A.Children. B.Religions. C.Famous figures. D.Important events. 4.What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A.Business
9、 shouldnt take advantage of celebrations of festivals. B.People have different opinions on making festivals commercialized. C.Online shopping websites and social media apps make festivals more complicated. D.People should spend more money buying gifts for their loved ones. 答案:B 答案:B 重点词汇 1.They have
10、 a wide range of origins,such as the seasons of the year,religions,famous figures,and important events. 它们有着广泛的起源,例如一年中的季节、宗教、名人和重要事 件。 【词汇精讲1】句中的range是名词,意为“范围;一系列”,range 还可作不及物动词,意为“包括;(在一定范围内)变化”。 Its difficult to find a house in our price range. 在我们的价格范围以内,很难找到房子。 Her writings ranged from poems,
11、prose to short stories. 她的作品有诗歌、散文和短篇小说等。 【词汇拓展1】 a wide range of 大范围的 within/inthe range of 在范围内 beyond ones range 某人能力达不到的 range from.to.在范围内变动 The hotel offers a wide range of facilities. 这家酒店提供各种各样的设施。 Estimates of the damage range from $ 1 million to $ 5 million. 估计损失在100万到500万美元之间。 【微写作】 Moreo
12、ver,with the stadium set up,a wide range of sports events are able to be held,but none of them in our range seemed satisfactory. 此外,随着体育场的建立,可以举行各种各样的体育赛事,但在我 们的范围内似乎没有一个令人满意的。 【词汇精讲2】句中的figure是名词,意为“人物”,figure作名 词还可表示“数字;身材;图形”,作动词可表示“认为;认定”。 People are fascinated by the lives of public figures. 人们
13、对公众人物的生活具有浓厚的兴趣。 Every time I add up these figures,I get a different answer. 我每次把这些数字加起来,得到的答案都不同。 He caught sight of a dark figure in the shadows. 他发现阴暗处有一个黑影。 【词汇拓展2】 figure out 弄清楚;理解;计算出 keep ones figure 保持体形 have a good figure 身材好 a political/public/leading figure 一位政治/公众/领 军人物 The boy tried to
14、 figure out the answer of this math problem. 男孩试图算出这道数学题的答案。 I cant figure out what he said just now. 我不懂他刚才说的是什么意思。 2.This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. 这个重要的农业节日在所有的庄稼都收好之后举行。 【词汇精讲】句中的gather是动词,意为“收割”,gather还可表 示“聚集;集合”等意思。 People slowly ga
15、thered their belongings and left the hall. 人们慢慢地收起他们的行李,离开了大厅。 Many of her fans gathered in the main square. 许多她的粉丝都聚集在主广场上。 I suggest we gather enough firewood to last the night. 我建议大家捡足够的木柴来撑过这一晚。 【词汇拓展】 gather together 聚会 gather around/round 聚集在周围 gather in 收获 gather oneself 鼓足勇气;打起精神 In the even
16、ings,we gathered around the fireplace and talked. 晚上,我们聚在火炉边聊天。 The farmers were racing against the rainy season,trying to gather in the summer crops. 农民们正赶在雨季到来之前抢收夏熟作物。 3.It featured a parade and a great feast with music,dancing,and sports. 它以游行和盛宴为特色,包括音乐、舞蹈和运动。 【词汇精讲】feature是及物动词,意为“以为特色”。 The c
17、oncert features dancers,singers and actors that come from many different countries. 音乐会的特点是有来自许多不同国家的舞者、歌手和演员。 【词汇拓展】 feature作名词可以表示“特色;特征;特点”。 There are four seasons in a year,each of which has distinctive features. 一年有四季,每个季节都有明显的特征。 Which features do you look for when choosing a car? 你挑选轿车时要着重哪些特
18、点? 4.Today,in some European countries,people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit,and get together to celebrate over a meal. 今天,在一些欧洲国家,人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政厅,聚 在一起就餐来庆祝。 【词汇精讲】句中的decorate是及物动词,意为“装饰;装潢”。 When they came to decorate the bedroom,it was my brother who had the final say. 他们
19、装修卧室时,是我哥哥说了算。 【词汇拓展】 decorate.with.用装 饰 decorate sb for 因为而给 某人颁奖 decoration.装饰 They decorated the room with flowers and balloons. 他们用鲜花和气球装饰了房间。 The soldier was decorated for his bravery. 这位战士因勇敢而获奖。 Festive paper decorations had been hung from the ceiling. 喜庆的彩纸已经挂在天花板上。 【微写作】 This picture can be
20、 a good decoration of my bedroom,so Id like to decorate my bedroom with it. 这幅画可以作为我卧室的一个很好的装饰,所以我想用它来装饰 我的卧室。 5.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 由于企业利用庆祝活动,因而节日变得越来越商业化了。 【词汇精讲】take advantage of是固定搭配,在句中的意思是 “利用”,该短语还有“欺骗;占的便宜”的意思
21、。 Take advantage of the opportunities coming your way in a couple of months. 把握住这几个月之内你可能获得的机会。 Hes joining the club in order to take advantage of the others. 他入会是来占别人便宜的。 【词汇拓展】 have an advantage over 比有优势 use sthto your advantage 利用的优势 The printer has several advantages over conventional printers.
22、 与传统打印机相比,这种打印机有几个优点。 6.They reflect peoples wishes,beliefs,faiths and attitudes towards life. 它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、信仰和对生活的态度。 【词汇精讲】句中的reflect是及物动词,意为“反映”,reflect 作及物动词还可有“显示;思考”的意思。 The still water reflected a full moon. 平静的水面映出了一轮满月。 That choice reflects your good taste. 那个选择显示了你的高雅品位。 The boy is reflec
23、ting how to answer the question. 那男孩正在考虑怎样回答这个问题。 【词汇拓展】 reflect on/upon sth 仔细考虑/沉思/反省某事 be reflected in 被映照在中;被反映在 reflection.反映,表现;倒影,影像;思考,反省 on/upon reflection 经过考虑后(改变看法) The deer gazed at its reflection in the forest pool. 鹿凝视着它在森林水池里的倒影。 At first I disagreed,but on reflection,I realized she
24、was right. 起初我不同意,但经过一番思考,我认为她是对的。 7.They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life,and forget about our work for a little while. 在这些场合,我们可以放松和享受生活,暂时忘记我们的工作。 【词汇精讲】occasion是名词,意为“特别的事情(或仪式、庆 典);(适当的)机会”。 She had met him on an earlier occasion. 她早些时候曾见过他。 It is the first time that I have g
25、one through such an exciting occasion. 这是我第一次经历如此令人激动的时刻。 【词汇拓展】 on occasion 偶尔,有时 onthe occasion of 在时候 onthis/that occasion 在这个/那个时候 on no occasion 绝不,不会(用在句首,句子部分倒装) occasionally.偶尔地 On this occasion I wish to express my deepest thanks for your kindness. 借此机会我希望对你的好心表示我由衷的谢意。 On no occasion shoul
26、d you try to cheat others. 在任何情况下你都不应该试图欺骗别人。 As he works in a remote area,he visits his parents only occasionally. 因为他在一个偏远的地区工作,所以他只能偶尔回去看望他的父 母。 【温馨提示】occasion作先行词,其后跟定语从句时,如果引导词 在定语从句中作状语表示时刻,则应用关系副词when;表示场合时, 应用关系副词where。 重点句式 1.However,no matter how different they may seem,all over the world,
27、the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals. 然而,无论它们可能好像多么不同,分享快乐、感激、爱与和平的 精神在全世界所有的节日中都是普遍的。 【句式剖析】句中的no matter how different they may seem 是no matter how.的让步状语从句。no matter 引导让步状语 从句常和who,when,where,how,what连用。 No matter what you may say,he will not believe you. 不管你
28、说什么,他都不会相信你。 You must continue to carry out the plan no matter how much you may disagree with them. 无论你和他们之间有多大的分歧,你都得继续执行这个计划。 No matter where his business took him,he always managed to go home for the festival. 不管因生意关系去了什么地方,他总要赶回家过节。 【句式拓展】 no matter when/where/how引导让步状语从句时,相当于 whenever,wherever,
29、however,意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。 However far away we are,we feel close to each other. No matter how far away we are,we feel close to each other. 无论距离有多远,我们都会感觉彼此很亲近。 【温馨提示】whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导 名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时,相 当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 It is not right to give a child wh
30、atever he wants. 孩子要什么就给他什么是错误的。 2.With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas,some traditions may fade away and others may be established. 随着现代社会的发展和新思想的普及,一些传统可能会消失,而一 些其他传统也可能建立起来。 【句式剖析】句中的with是介词,意为“随着”,引导的短语 在句中作伴随状语。 With the increasing of populations,the demand for wat
31、er grows accordingly. 随着人口的增长,用水量也相应增加。 【句式拓展】 with引导的伴随状语可以转换为as引导的时间状语从句。 With the development of technology,our life is getting better and better. As technology develops,our life is getting better and better. 随着科技的发展,我们的生活越来越好。 3.Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much ea
32、sier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. 购物网站和社交软件使公众更容易花更多的钱为他们爱的人买礼 物。 【句式剖析】句中的made it much easier for the public to spend more.是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,其中it是形式 宾语,for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones是不定式的复合结构作真正的宾语,much easier是宾 语补足语。 The Internet has made
33、 it quicker to look for all kinds of information. 因特网使得查找各类信息更加快捷。 【句式拓展】 在该结构中,it除了代替动词不定式外,还可以代替that引导的宾 语从句,宾语补足语除了形容词外,还可以是名词。 The glass windows make it possible that the sunlight can easily be felt. 玻璃窗使人们能够很容易地感受到阳光。 We make it a rule that everyone should change shoes before entering the room.
34、 我们规定,在进入房间之前,每个人都应该更换鞋子。 .课文语篇填空 Every culture in the world celebrates festivals.Though different festivals have different origins,the spirit of 1 (share) joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals. The harvest festival, 2 takes place after all the crops have been gathered in,can be fou
35、nd in almost every culture.People celebrate it 3 (show) their gratitude to the years supply of food.But the 4 (celebrate) vary from country to country.In ancient Egypt,it featured a parade and a great feast with music,dancing,and sports during the springtime. 5 the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,famil
36、ies gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. Customs change with the 6 (develop) of modern society.In China,many big cities 7 (give) up lighting firecrackers during the Spring Festival in order to avoid air pollution. Nowadays,businesses take advantage of the celebrations and
37、 make festivals 8 (commercialise).Although some are 9 it,others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. Festivals reflect peoples wishes,beliefs,faiths and attitudes towards life.If you study festivals 10 (careful),you may be surprised to find that different cu
38、ltures actually have a lot in common after all. 答案:1.sharing 2.which 3.to show 4.celebrations 5.During 6.development 7.have given mercialised 9.against 10.carefully .概要写作 (根据教材语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要) 参考范文 Different festivals have different origins,but they all share the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,lo
39、ve,or peace.(要点1)Every culture has the harvest festival,but the celebrations vary from country to country.(要点2) Customs of festivals change with the development of society and festivals are becoming increasingly more commercial.(要点3) Festivals,which are an important part of society,reflect peoples wishes,beliefs,faiths and attitudes towards life.(要点4)
