1、情态动词情态动词&过去将来时过去将来时Definition情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度态度，表示，表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测测等的动词，用来给谓语动词增添等的动词，用来给谓语动词增添情感，态情感，态度，语气度，语气等色彩。等色彩。注意：情态动词不能单独作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。Types1.只作情态只作情态动词的词动词的词mustcancouldmaymight2.作情态动词也作情态动词也可作实义动词可作实义动词needdare3.可作情态动词可作情态动
2、词也可作助动词也可作助动词wouldwillshouldshall4.具有情态动词具有情态动词的某些特征的某些特征ought tohave/has/had tohad betterused toExperience the functionsA.The exam may be difficult.a.The exam is difficult.B.You should be studying harder.b.You are studying harder.C.I can study all night during the semester.c.I study all night durin
3、g the semester.factspossibility(A&C),advice(B)Activity1A.NecessityB.PossibilityC.Obligation D.Request E.Advice F.Intention需要需要可能可能/推测推测职责职责/义务义务请求请求建议建议意图意图/愿望愿望Activity1Analyze what the modal verbs express.1.Henry must be an American.2.Henry can be an American.3.Henry could be an American.4.Henry m
4、ay be an American.5.Henry might be an American.PossibilityModal verbs used to express possibility:must,can,could,may,mightDegree of possibilityHighLowActivity21.You must come at once.2.We have to wear uniforms at school.3.I ought to be on my way.Necessity&ObligationModal verbs used to express necess
5、ity&obligation:must,have to,ought toActivity21.Will you please take her to the library?2.Could you offer me work here?3.Can I ask a question?4.May we ask what youre doing in this country?5.Would you please pass me the salt?RequestModal verbs used to express request:will,could,can,may,wouldActivity21
6、.Henry must accept the bank note.2.Henry could accept the bank note.3.Henry can accept the bank note.4.Henry had better accept the bank note.5.Henry should/ought to accept the bank note.AdviceModal verbs used to express advice:could,should,ought to,had better,canStrongerWeakerActivity21.Would you re
7、commend the play to other people?2.I would like to know the date.3.Id love to go to your birthday party.4.Id rather not pay you now.IntentionModal verbs used to express intention:would,would like to,would love to,would ratherActivity21.You mustnt say things like that.2.You cant open it until two ocl
8、ock.3.You shouldnt take her help for granted.Negative adviceModal verbs used to express negative advice:mustnt,cant,shouldntActivity2IICompare and conclude He can use the computer skillfully now,but he couldnt last year.Training by oneself in a gym can be highly dangerous.Can/Could I have a look at
9、your new pen?Yes,you can./No,you cant.That cant be Mary shes in hospital.Someone is knocking at the door.Who can it be?You cant be careful enough.1.can和和could(could是是can的过去式，语气更委婉的过去式，语气更委婉)(1)句中句中can表示表示 _。(2)_句中句中can表示可能性，可译为表示可能性，可译为“有可能；有时会有可能；有时会”。(3)句中句中can表示表示 _。(4)_句中句中can/could在否定句、疑问句中表示推测
10、或怀疑，译为在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑，译为“_”。(5)句中句中cant与与_或或too连用，表示连用，表示“再再也不为过也不为过”。能力能力许可许可可能可能enough2.may和和might May I watch TV after supper?Yes,you may/can./No,you cant.They may/might be having a meeting,but Im not sure.If that is the case,you may/might as well try.(1)句中句中may表示表示_。否定回答时，用。否定回答时，用_。(2)句中句中may和
11、和might表示表示_，_可能性更小。可能性更小。(3)句中句中_，意为，意为“不妨不妨”。允许或征询对方许可允许或征询对方许可cant可能性可能性mightmay/might as well 动词原形动词原形 I have to wait here because I have no umbrella with me.I must recite the text this morning.Must we hand in our exercise books today?Yes,you must./No,you dont have to/you neednt.You mustnt smoke
12、here.Your mother must be waiting for you now.Why must you always interrupt me?(1)句中句中have to和和句中句中must均表示均表示“_”，但，但_是指说话人的主观看法，是指说话人的主观看法，而而 _则强调客观需要。则强调客观需要。(2)句中句中must 所构成的疑问句，回答的否定形式通常为所构成的疑问句，回答的否定形式通常为_或或_，意意为为“不必要不必要”，而不能用，而不能用_(句中句中mustnt表示表示“禁止禁止”)。(3)_句中句中must 常表示有根据的、比较确定的推测常表示有根据的、比较确定的推测
13、（只用于肯定的陈述句只用于肯定的陈述句），译，译为为 “一定一定；必定必定”。(4)句中句中must表示表示“_”。3.must和和have to 必须必须musthave toneedntdont have tomustnt偏要偏要；偏偏偏偏 All visitors should/ought to register with the British Embassy.I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you.You should have asked for some help.You shouldnt have told
14、her the news.4.should和和ought to(1)句中句中should表示表示“_”，其同义词是，其同义词是_；在疑问句中，通常用在疑问句中，通常用_代替代替ought to。(2)句中句中should 有时可用于某些从句中，表示说话人惊奇、失望等感情色有时可用于某些从句中，表示说话人惊奇、失望等感情色彩，常译为彩，常译为“_”。(3)句句should have done 表示表示“”shouldnt have done 表示表示“”。义务、责任、建议义务、责任、建议ought toshould竟然竟然；怎么会怎么会本该做某事（而实际上未做）本该做某事（而实际上未做）本不该做
15、某事（而实际上做了）本不该做某事（而实际上做了）Would you pass me the ball,please?She said that she would try her best to help us.Each time his mothers birthday came,he would buy her a present.We will do our best to save the child.Oil will float on the water.(1)句中句中would表示表示_，比，比will更委婉客气。更委婉客气。(2)句中句中would和和句中的句中的will表示表示
16、_。(3)句中句中would和和句中的句中的will表示表示_。5.will和和would请求、建议请求、建议意志、愿望和决心意志、愿望和决心习惯性动作或客观真理习惯性动作或客观真理 If he dare go,Ill go with him.Tom didnt dare to do it.(1)dare作作情态动词情态动词时，表示时，表示“_”。常用于否定句和疑问句。常用于否定句和疑问句中，后接动词原形，否定形式为中，后接动词原形，否定形式为_。(2)dare作作实实义义动词动词时时，有有_的变化，后面可接的变化，后面可接_。(3)dare 作为作为实义动词实义动词，有如下搭配：，有如下搭配
17、：dare to do sth 敢于做某事敢于做某事 dare sb to do sth 激某人做某事激某人做某事 6.dare敢敢；敢于敢于dare not时态、人称和数时态、人称和数带带to的不定式的不定式 You had better get some sleep.You had better not talk with strangers.had better表示表示“_”，使用时常缩写为，使用时常缩写为_，无人称和数的变化，其否定式一般把，无人称和数的变化，其否定式一般把not放在放在had better之之_。7.had better最好最好d better后后Apply and
18、practice Fill in the blanks with suitable modal verbs in the box according to your understanding of the passage.may,must,can,ought to,might,had better,would,shouldIn the film The Million Pound Bank Note,Henry Adams is stuck in a foreign country without money and friend and with nowhere to stay.While
19、 this situation _ seem unusual,it can sometimes happen to travelers.In case it happens to you on a trip abroad,what _ you do?First,and most importantly,you _ stay calm.Fear _ cause you to become confused.You need to think clearly.Second,you should go to your nearest consulate.They _ be able to help
20、to some extent.Third,you _ do well to check with some local charities.They _ offer help to travelers in need.Fourth,you _ avoid getting into trouble.You _ think that stealing some money or food would help you,but you should not do so.Getting caught _ ruin your life.may/might shouldmay/mighthad bette
21、rought to mustshouldwouldmightmightDefinition过去将来时过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。判断这种时态的依据是：要有表示过去的判断这种时态的依据是：要有表示过去的“动作动作”，而不是时间。，而不是时间。would be/do从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态（常用于宾从）was/were going to be/do.(but.)过去的打算、计划在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生的动作或存在的状态（
22、但因外界干扰而中断，后常有but出现）was/were about to do在过去看来将要发生的动作，不与时间状语连用was/were doingcome,go,leave,start,arrive.等动词的过去进行时，表示就过去的某一时刻而言即将发生的动作Structuresthe day after tomorrow two days later next weekthe next weektomorrowthe next/following daytomorrow eveningthe next evening一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时will be/dowould b
23、e/doam/is/are going to be/dowas/were going to be/do.(but.)am/is/are about to dowas/were about to do过去的过去过去的过去过去过去过去的将来过去的将来现在现在(现在的现在的)将来将来had donedidwould dodowill do一般将来时和过去将来时的比较一般将来时和过去将来时的比较Both“would do”and“was/were going to do”can be talk about future events or intentions in the past.Complete
24、 the following sentences that describe the future using either form of the given verbs.1.Philip bought two tickets for The Phantom of the Opera.He _(watch)this musical with his girlfriend on the weekend.2.I was so surprised at the news that David _ _(play)the role of the dinosaur in the play that I
25、gave him a hug out of joy.would watch/was going to watchwould play/was going to play3.Lily decided that she _(settle)in New York and pursue her dream of becoming an actress.4.Hey,Timmy.I _(call)you.But now that you are here,I dont have to.5.The competition was so close that no one was sure who _(win
26、)the Best Actor award.6.Jim is not here right now.He said he _(be)on duty at the library this afternoon.would settle/was going to settlewas going to callwould winwould be/was going to be 1莉莉说晚上将有一场音乐会。Lily said there that evening.2她确信她会成功。She was sure she 3我想知道我们什么时候出发。I wanted to know when we 4他说运动会就要开始了。He said the sport meet 5他说他今晚要走。He said he tonight.would/was going to be a concert would succeedwere going to set offwas about to beginwas leaving Summary
